Download 4/28/2015 - OCPS TeacherPress

Roman Reformers
1) Tiberius and Gaius
Gracchus
2) Marius 107 B.C.(military leader,
Consul)
– Made it so the landless poor could
– Blamed the wealthy for the
serve in the army=professional
problems of Rome
soldiers
– Wanted the Senate to take
– Soldiers now loyal to the general
land from the latifundia
who hired them, not the Republic
and return to the poor.
3) Sulla 82B.C.
– Tiberius murdered by
Senators in 133B.C., Gaius
– Marched on Rome to drive out
12 year later
enemies.
– What does the Murder of
– Named himself dictator, stepped
the Gracchus brothers tell
down after 3 years
us about Roman
– Reduced power of tribunes and
government at that time?
increased senators responsibilities
– Tried to return the Republic to its
glory of old.
4/28/15
Topic: Julius Caesar (PAGES 323 – 325, Ch11.3)
Essential Question: How did Julius Caesar rise to power in Rome?
The Rise of Julius Caesar
Questions:
Use the following to complete the handout.
4/28/2015 Topic:
Julius Caesar
Essential Question: How did Julius Caesar rise to power in Rome?
•
Questions:
Julius Caesar was a general who was part of the triumvirate who ruled
Rome.
• (triumvirate – three rulers who share equal power).
• Julius Caesar ruled in Gaul (modern France) until the Senate told him
to come back to Rome because they felt he was becoming too
powerful.
• He refused to go back to Rome, he felt he might be imprisoned, then
he crossed the Rubicon River and started a civil war.
Caesar Takes Power
• He took over as dictator of Rome in 44 BC declaring himself dictator
for life.
• He appointed people to the Senate who supported him.
• Caesar helped create jobs for the unemployed and passed new
reforms to help make himself popular.
• He introduced the Julian Calendar which influenced the calendar we
still use today.
4/28/2015 Topic:
Julius Caesar
Essential Question: How did Julius Caesar rise to power in Rome?
Questions:
Caesar Takes Power
• He took over as dictator of Rome in 44 BC declaring himself
dictator for life.
• He appointed people to the Senate who supported him.
• Caesar helped create jobs for the unemployed and passed new
reforms to help make himself popular.
• He introduced the Julian Calendar which influenced the calendar
we still use today.
Caesar’s death
• Even though many people loved Caesar, his opponents planned his
death.
• He was killed when he entered the Senate on March 15, 44 BC
• His best friend Brutus also participated in the plot to kill him
Video (10 min): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1u7Hu6G83nE
Caesar: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6WSlKdmKRw
4/28/2015 Topic:
From Republic to Empire
Essential Question : How did Rome become an empire?
Questions:
Answer
these in full
sentences!
Antony and Cleopatra (pages 326-327)
1. What did Octavian accuse Antony and Cleopatra of?
2. How did this impact Antony and Cleopatra?
3. What was the effect of Antony and Cleopatra’s actions?
Octavian – a New Direction (page 327)
4. Who was Cicero?
5. What type of government did Cicero support?
6. How did Octavian feel about a republican government?
7. What type of government did Octavian feel that Rome needed?
4/28/2015 Topic:
From Republic to Empire
ANSWERS!!
Essential Question : How did Rome become an empire?
Questions:
Answer
these in full
sentences!
Antony and Cleopatra (pages 326-327)
1. What did Octavian accuse Antony and Cleopatra of?
–
2.
How did this impact Antony and Cleopatra?
–
3.
Plotting aginst Rome
They went to war and MarK Antony was defeated. Commit suicide
What was the effect of Antony and Cleopatra’s actions?
–
Octavian becomes soul ruler of Rome!
Octavian – a New Direction (page 327)
4. Who was Cicero?
–
5.
What type of government did Cicero support?
–
6.
A republic- representative
How did Octavian feel about a republican government?
–
7.
A well known political speaker, leader and writer.
That a Republic is too weak to solve Rome's problems
What type of government did Octavian feel that Rome needed?
–
Rome needed a strong Leader in the Government- Emporer
4/28/2015 Topic:
Augustus Caesar 14 BC – 14 AD (Ch11.4)
Essential Question : How did Rome become an empire?
Questions:
The Rule of Augustus (pages 327-328)
Augustus Caesar’s Accomplishments (page 328-330)
4/28/2015 Topic:
Augustus Caesar 14 BC – 14 AD (Ch11.4)
Essential Question : How did Rome become an empire?
Questions:
The Rule of Augustus (pages 327-328)
• Octavian takes the title Augustus (which means “majestic one”)
after he became Rome’s first emperor.
• The Pax Romana (Roman Peace) started under Augustus Caesar
and lasted about 200 years.
Augustus Caesar’s Accomplishments (page 328-330)
1. Rome’s Borders – used physical features such as rivers, deserts,
mountains, and oceans to keep the boarders. They also used
soldiers.
2. Praetorian Guard – special military force of 9,000 men who
protected the emperor.
3. Buildings – He rebuilt many buildings out of marble to show the
greatness of Rome.
4/28/2015 Topic:
Augustus Caesar 14 BC – 14 AD
Essential Question : How did Rome become an empire?
Questions:
Augustus Caesar’s Accomplishments (page 328-330)
1. Rome’s Borders – used physical features such as rivers, deserts,
mountains, and oceans to keep the boarders. They also used
soldiers.
2. Praetorian Guard – special military force of 9,000 men who protected
the emperor.
3. Buildings – He rebuilt many buildings out of marble to show the
greatness of Rome.
4. Government – He put proconsuls (governors) over each province (like
a state) to help run the government more smoothly.
5. Taxes – He got rid of corruption by hiring people to be tax collectors
and paying them regular wages.
6. Legal System – Allowed rights to non-citizens and eventually allowed
them to become citizens so that the laws applied to everyone.
7. Preserving the Empire – he gave free grain to the poor to help
prevent the people from becoming unhappy and revolting.
4/28/2015 Topic:
Augustus Caesar 14 BC – 14 AD
Essential Question : How did Rome become an empire?
Questions:
4.
Government – He put proconsuls (governors) over each province (like
a state) to help run the government more smoothly.
5. Taxes – He got rid of corruption by hiring people to be tax collectors
and paying them regular wages.
6. Legal System – Allowed rights to non-citizens and eventually allowed
them to become citizens so that the laws applied to everyone.
7. Preserving the Empire – he gave free grain to the poor to help
prevent the people from becoming unhappy and revolting.
Reflection Questions:
1. What do you think of the reforms Augustus Caesar made?
2. Do you think other later Roman rulers will follow his example?