Download Chapter 17-2 Questions ppt

Chapter 17-2 Questions
Focus Q
• To bring scientists into the war effort,
FDR created the Office of Scientific
Research and Development (OSRD).
How did radar, sonar, DDT, and
penicillin help U.S. soldiers?
• Page 567
Focus Q: March 7
• Page 574, read “D-day”
• Bullet point notes
• 1 sentence summary
Wading ashore June 6, 1944
Later on June 6, 1944
1. Why
defeat Germany first?
1. FDR and Churchill—Dec. 1941—DEFEAT
NAZI’S FIRST
2. Hitler and IT greater threat than Japan
3. Stalin needed help badly
4. If Germany defeated, BR and USSR could
help us w/Japan
5. Churchill and FDR get along well—quote p.
570
Nazi Tanks invading Poland, 1939
Blitzkrieg
2. How did the US win the war in
the Atlantic?
• German goal—stop food and war
material from BR, USSR
1. Nazi subs along east coast
2. 1st 4 months of 1942, sink 87 US ships
3. by July, wolf packs has sunk 681 Allied
ships
Nazi Wolf Packs
Winning war in Atlantic
1. US building ships fast:
2. early 1943 build 140 Liberty (cargo)
ships/month—
3. winning battle of the Atlantic by May
1943—Germans u-boat losses
unbearable
See overhead
Sunk by a German U-boat
In the North Atlantic
Losses by Region
And the answer is ………
US response:
1. Convoys escorted by
2. battleships w/sonar (underwater)
drop depth charges and
3. planes w/ radar (surface)—spot uboats
Convoy System
Ships and planes offer
protection from u-boats
Mark IX Depth Charge
• 200 pounds of
Torpex
• Design allows for
straight descent
• Dropped from ships,
planes, helicopters
• Shock sub by
exploding near it
Depth
Charge
Launcher
3. Why was the Battle of Stalingrad a
turning point in WW2? How many
Soviets died defending Stalingrad?
1. Germans fighting in USSR since June 1941—winter stops
them—begin again summer 1942
2. Hitlers tactics—Nazi’s are low on oil
Seize oil fields in Caucasus—1 GOAL
Capture Stalingrad (Volgograd)—2ND
GOAL
3. Once Stalingrad captured, cut supply line for Moscow, the Volga
River
Nazi attack
on USSR
Stalingrad
Battle of Stalingrad (Volgagrad)
1. Luftwaffe bombs by night—most wooden buildings
burned
2. Stalin orders troops to defend no matter the cost
3. By Sept. 1942, 90% of Stalingrad taken
4. November—USSR counterattack
5. Nazi advisors say retreat, Hitler says no
6. Fight into winter—Feb. 1943, 91 K Germans
surrender—lose 240 K
And the answer is ……..
1. Wars 1st turning point:
Germans retreat from now
on in the east
2. USSR loses 1.1 M defending
city
Stalingrad
Stalingrad
Stalingrad
The North African Front: 1942-43
1. during battle for Stalingrad—Stalin
wants a western front opened—
doesn’t happen
2. Operation Torch instead—
Mostly Americans invade N. Africa
November 1942
Stalin’s not happy
Operation Torch: North Africa
1942-43
1. Ike (Dwight Eisenhower) in command—
Nov. 1942, 107 K land @ Casablanca, Oran,
Algiers
Battle Erwin Rommel, the Desert Fox
Afrika Corps surrender May 1943
3
1
2
FDR, Churchill meet at Casablanca
1. accept unconditional surrender only
• controversial—may have caused
Germany and Japan to fight longer
The Fight
for Italy
1943-45
The Fight for Italy 1943-45
1. Strangely, Mussolini is taken from
power only to have Hitler take control
of IT and put him back in power
2. 18 months to win in IT—
3. 25 K Allied casualties, 30 K Axis
4. April 28, 1945 Mussolini found, shot,
body hung in Milan
Just hangin’ around
Mussolini
After being shot, beaten
Tuskegee Airman:
99th Pursuit Squadron
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
They escort bombers to their targets
15 K combat missions
destroy 261 German planes
66 Tuskegee Airmen killed
32 downed, captured
NO US BOMBERS LOST under their
escort
Other Heroes in Combat
141st all-Mexican unit
• one of the most decorated of the war
442nd all-Japanese
• many volunteer to get out of internment
camps
• most decorated unit in US history
Anything unique here?
D-Day: Operation Overlord
June 6, 1944
1. 3 M US, BR, Canadian troops
2. Invade Normandy region of France
133 K soldiers
1200 ships
4100 landing crafts
10 K paratroopers
10 K planes
D-Day: Operation Overlord
Wading ashore June 6, 1944
Normandy Invasion (June 1944)
1. US fakes like they will attack at Calais—
150 miles N—map p. 575
2. planning this attack for 2 years—
3. bomb supply routes (RR, roads, bridges)
for a 45 days before attack
4. June 5 original date, weather forces it
back 1 day
5. Largest land-air-sea assault in army
history
See map p. 575 Why do you think
Hitler would have expected an
attack at Calais?
It is shortest distance across the
English Channel
The Allies Gain Ground
1. Land 1 M troops in a month, 567 K tons of
supplies, 170 K vehicles
2. Paris liberated August 25, 1944
3. Sept. 1944, FR, Belgium, Luxembourg, and
most of Holland freed
4. FDR and Harry Truman elected in 1944, 4th
term
What battle was Hitler’s last offensive?
How long did it last?
• The Battle of the Bulge—last German
offensive
• Oct. 1944—Allies take first German town
• Allies ignored intelligence that warned of
such an attack
What battle was Hitler’s last offensive?
How long did it last?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Dec. 16 surprise counterattack by Nazis
8 GER tank divisions
break through on an 80-mile front
get 60 miles into Allied territory
Try to break through near Antwerp, Belgium
One month battle—Nazis lose 120 K, 600
tanks, 1600 planes
7. Hitler retreats after this
Why call it the Battle of the Bulge?
What did the Soviets find at
Majdanek?
1. Soviets find concentration camps 1st—
Majdanek—find Nazis trying to bury
and burn the evidence
2. Find 1000 “living corpses”, world’s
largest crematorium, 800 K shoes
3.
APV p. 576
200 K die here
When was V-E Day? What does
it stand for?
1. April 25, 1945 USSR storms Berlin
2. April 29, Hitler marries Eva Braun,
next day commits suicide, their
bodies burned
May 8, 1945—V-E Day
Victory in Europe
Who did Hitler blame (and for
what) at the end of his life?
• Hitler blamed the Jews for
starting the war and his generals
for losing it
Who becomes president after FDR?
FDR dies of a stroke on April 12, 1945
• Harry Truman becomes president
D-Day was the code name for the
Allied invasion of
1. Italy
2. France
3. Japan
4. North Africa
Which problem was targeted by the
Office of Price Administration?
A inflation
B recession
C depression
D unemployment
The Battle of the Bulge was
significant because if marked the
1. last German offensive
2. liberation of the death camps
3. Allies’ first victory in a land battle
4. Axis powers’ last loss in a land
battle
•During WW2, this poster was used primarily to
During WW2, this poster was used primarily to
1.
2.
3.
4.
contain communism
create jobs for the unemployed
get financial support for the war
convince women to fill vacant factory jobs
What situation does the following quote
describe, “My family will have to get along
without sugar and flour this week?”
1. destruction of crops during wartime
2. need for importing food products
3. food rationing to support a war effort
4. limitation of food production through
farm subsidies
World War II in Europe and North Africa
Map Quiz (You need your map and a blank sheet of paper)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
What happened in the Atlantic
Ocean before the United
States was even in the war?
World War II began when
Germany invaded
.
Who was the leader of
Germany’s “Afrika Korps”? Did
he win or lose his battle in
Africa in 1943?
After defeating the Axis
Powers in Africa, where did
the Allies head next?
What three Allied victories
took place in Italy, according to
your map?
6) When did the Allies invade
France and what was this day
called?
7) Which city marked the
furthest point east that the
German army advanced (and
lost)?
8) How long did it take Germany
to surrender after D-Day?
9) How many Allied victories did
you shade in on your map?
10) Which two Allied countries
met in the middle of Germany
at the end of the war (1945)?