Download The Thirteen Colonies

6th
THE THIRTEEN
COLONIES
Chapter 3 Section 1,2 and 3
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When the Colonies were Founded
►Virginia (1607)
►Massachusetts (1620)
►New York (1626)
►Maryland (1633)
►Rhode Island (1636)
►Connecticut (1636)
►Delaware (1638)
►New Hampshire (1638)
►North Carolina (1653)
►South Carolina (1663)
►New Jersey (1664)
►Pennsylvania (1682)
►Georgia (1732)
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The New England Colonies
►Massachusetts
►Rhode Island
►Connecticut
►New Hampshire
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The Middle Colonies
►New York
►Delaware
►New Jersey
►Pennsylvania
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The Southern Colonies
►Virginia
►Maryland
►North Carolina
►South Carolina
►Georgia
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Massachusetts
►Founded by John Winthrop
►Great for fishing, growing corn,
and raising livestock.
►Great place for lumbering and
shipbuilding.
►1630-more than 15,000 Puritans
journeyed to Mass. To escape
religious persecution and
economic hard times in England.
This is known as the GREAT
MIGRATION!
►Puritans had little tolerance
(respecting others views) of
those that had different religious
views from them.
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Connecticut
►Founded by Thomas Hooker
►Great land for growing wheat and
corn and for catching fish.
►They adopted the first written
constitution in America—
Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut.
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Rhode Island
6th
►Settled by Roger Williams.
►Rhode Island was a great place for
raising livestock, dairy, and fishing.
►It was also a good area for lumbering.
►Williams purchased the land from the
Narraganset Indians because he felt they
should be paid for the land on which
they lived.
►Religious freedom was allowed.
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New Hampshire
►Founded by John
Wheelwright.
►Great place to
manufacture textiles and
for shipbuilding.
►It also, had good land
for growing potatoes
and the water
surrounding it was great
for fishing.
►Allowed religious
freedom.
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►Founded by the Dutch West
India Company and was
known as “New Netherland.”
►English ships sailed into
harbor and took control,
renaming it New York
(Named for Duke of York).
►Area was great for
shipbuilding and iron works.
►Also, a good place to grow
grain, and to raise cattle.
►Very diverse populationDutch, Germans, Swedes,
Native Americans, enslaved
Africans
New York
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Delaware
►Originally settled by the
Swedes, then England
took control in 1664.
►Great area for fishing
and lumbering.
►Named for the
Delaware tribe and an
early governor of
Virginia, “Lord de la
Warr.”
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New Jersey
►Originally settled by the Dutch, but
in 1644 it was taken over by
England.
►Great place for ironworking and
lumbering.
►Allowed freedom of religion, trial by
jury and representative assembly.
►Diverse population just like New
York
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Pennsylvania
◦King Charles II owed
William Penn’s father
money. Father passed
away then land was
granted to William Penn
by Charles II in 1681 for
the debt the king owed
Penn’s father.
◦Great place to grow and
raise wheat, corn, cattle,
and dairy.
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Pennsylvania
►Also known as a place for
papermaking, shipbuilding, and textiles.
►Penn belonged to Quakers-they
believed in toleration & equality. They
would not take off their hats to lords or
bow to ladies b/c they felt all were
equal.
►Quakers were Pacifists, which means
they refuse to fight in wars.
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Virginia
►Founded by John Smith.
►Great place to grow tobacco,
wheat, and corn.
►The governor told the Native
Americans if they would give the
colonists a large piece of land then
they would not push any farther west
into the Indians lands.
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Maryland
►Founded by George Calvert who wanted a
safe place for Catholics to live/worship.
►Great land to grow corn, wheat.
►Also a good place for shipbuilding and iron
works.
►Calvert family & Penn family argued about the
boundary between Maryland /Penns. 1760
Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon were hired
to map the line dividing the 2 colonies…The
Mason Dixon Line.
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North Carolina
►Settled by 8 aristocrats
►Began as one large
colony, but eventually
was divided into
North/South due to
separate ways of doing
things.
►Great place to grow
tobacco and forest
products such as tar &
timber.
►1st
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South Carolina
►Originally part of the Carolina
Colony.
►Had great land for growing
indigo (called the Blue Gold) &
tobacco.
►Rice became the leading crop
►Many enslaved Africans
worked in rice fields
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Georgia
►Founded by James Oglethorpe.
►Great land for growing indigo, rice,
and sugar.
►Founded for poor people wanting to
make a fresh start & for debtors.
►British Gov wanted Georgia to be
created so the colony could protect
the other British colonies from attack by
the Spanish who owned Florida.
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Geography and Climate
New England Colonies
The climate was colder than the other two
colonial regions because they were the
farthest north. They had cold, hard winters
and warm, mild summers.
The climate was a positive factor because it
prevented the spread of life-threatening
diseases.
The negative factor for the colonist was the
severe winters killed many people.
The geography was mostly hills with rocky
soil. They had a few good areas for farms.
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Geography and Climate
New England Colonies
◦Geography: The geography of
the New England Colonies had
rocky ground with mostly thin
topsoil. Many areas were not
well suited to faming because of
the rocky terrain. It had some
rocky soil and some good soil
for growing crops.
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Social Life in the New England
Colonies
◦Religion The main function of
New England towns was to
support the religion of the
Puritans.
◦Religious freedom in Puritan
colonies did not exist. They did
not tolerate other religions very
well.
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Politics in the New England Colonies
◦Puritans built meeting houses in
the center of their towns. These
were used as churches and town
meetings. All men who were
church members and property
owners could speak and vote at
town meetings.
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Geography and Climate in the
Middle Colonies
The geography was similar
to New England Colonies
and the Southern Colonies.
They had some rocky, hilly
areas and many flat,
farmable areas. The Middle
Colonies became know as the “Bread
Basket” because of the ability to grow
food.
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◦They were also called the
“Bread Basket” because of all
the grains
◦( wheat, oats, barley and rye)
that were grown in the Middle
Colonies.
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Geography and Climate in the
Middle Colonies
◦The climate was mild. They
had cold winters that did not
last as long as the New
England Colonies and the
summers were hotter, but not
as hot as the Southern
Colonies.
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Social Life in the Middle Colonies
◦The middle colonies were full of
diversity in religion and culture from
the very beginning. Pennsylvania
was known to welcome Quakers
and let the world see all of their
ideas. They welcomed all people of
any religion. Because of this
Pennsylvania had a religious
tolerance. Many of the Middle
Colonies were tolerant.
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Politics and Civic Life in the Middle
Colonies
◦By the early 18th century the
middle colonies had
developed societies that
valued religious liberty,
freedom of conscious, and
representative government.
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Geography and Climate of the
Southern Colonies
◦ Much of the Southern Colonies were located
along the Atlantic Coastal Plain which allowed
for the soil to be fertile. The geography of the
Southern Colonies featured fertile soil, hilly
coastal plains, forests, long rivers and swamp
areas
◦ Climate: Warmest of the three regions, winters
were not difficult to survive, but the hot and
humid summers gave rise to the spread of
disease. The warm climate made it possible to
grow crops throughout the year and was
ideally suited for plantations. They had mild
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Social Life in the Southern Colonies
◦The Southern Colonies were not
dominated by a single religion which
gave way to more liberal attitudes and
some religious freedom. There were
predominantly Anglicans and Baptists in
the Southern region and Colonies. There
were some very wealthy plantation
owners, but there were more poor
farmers in the south than any of the other
colonies.5th
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Southern Colonies Politics/Civics
All of the systems of government in the Southern
Colonies elected their own legislature. They were
all democratic, all had a governor, governor's
court, and a court system. The systems of
Government in the Southern Colonies were either
Royal or Proprietary. Definitions of both of the
government systems are as follows:
Royal Government: The Royal Colonies were
ruled directly by the English monarchy
Proprietary Government: The King granted land
to people in North America, who then formed
Proprietary Colonies.
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Students will Know…
►The Original Thirteen Colonies and be able to label them on a
map
►When each colony was founded
►The major crops/industry the colony was known for
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