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Age of Exploration: Ch. 15 What ideas/thoughts/movements from Chapters 13&14 may have led to the Age of Exploration? 5+lines Trade from 7th to 15th Century Afro-Eurasian Trade World Indian Ocean: the center of this Network Marco Polo: 1271-1295 China = most advanced economy – Led exploration – Zheng He: 1405-1433 Africa: Main source of gold and slaves Middle East: Persian Safavids and Turkish Ottomans Economic Political Religious The Three G’s Causes of European Expansion Technology and the Rise of Exploration 1. New Technology a. The Astrolabe b. The Magnetic Compass c. The Quadrant or Backstaff 2. Improvements in Cartography a. Ptolemy’s geography b. Knowledge of Earth expanded c. Maps produced were more accurate 3. Stronger Ships a. Caravel b. Lateen (triangular) Sails c. Shallow Keel Waldseemüller World Map This is the first map that labels the New World as “America,” in honor of Amerigo Vespucci. Published in 1507. The European Voyages of Discovery A. The Portuguese Overseas Empire 1. Favorable Geography 2. Henry the Navigator (1394–1460) 3. Vasco da Gama How did these explorations begin? “Prince Henry the Navigator” Started an institute for seafaring and exploring; schools of seamanship! Combined ship technology learned from Islam with new European innovations Vasco Da Gama Born: c. 1469 Birthplace: Sines, Portugal Died: 24 December 1524 Best Known As: Portuguese explorer who opened up the first sea route to India. Christopher Columbus 1492 “Columbus sailed the ocean blue Sponsor: Spain Wanted to find a western route to Asia Small ships, weather, and disease were obstacles First European to discover a sea route to America. Discovered “New World” Columbus’ Four Voyages Line of Demarcation:1493 After Columbus returned, Pope Alexander VI (r. 14921503), a Spaniard, established a line to distinguish Spanish & Portuguese claims In 1492 Columbus Sails the Ocean Blue.. Video: http://youtu.be/NjEGncridoQ – List two outcomes of Columbus’ voyage to the Americas while watching this video – Who were the King and Queen of Spain? Columbus reaches the “New World” Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” The French, English, and Dutch send explorers in search of a Northwest Passage to Asia. Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” The French, English, and Dutch send explorers in search of a Northwest Passage to Asia. Fierce competition ensues between European nations to claim and settle land in the “New World.” Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” The French, English, and Dutch send explorers in search of a Northwest Passage to Asia. Fierce competition ensues between European nations to claim and settle land in the “New World.” American Indians are displaced, killed in battle over territory, and enslaved. Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” The French, English, and Dutch send explorers in search of a Northwest Passage to Asia. Fierce competition ensues between European nations to claim and settle land in the “New World.” American Indians are displaced, killed in battle over territory, and enslaved. The Columbian Exchange begins Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” The Columbian Exchange begins The French, English, and Dutch send explorers in search of a Northwest Passage to Asia. Europeans brought many items with them that were previously unknown in the Western Hemisphere.* Fierce competition ensues between European nations to claim and settle land in the “New World.” American Indians are displaced, killed in battle over territory, and enslaved. Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” The Columbian Exchange begins The French, English, and Dutch send explorers in search of a Northwest Passage to Asia. Europeans brought many items with them that were previously unknown in the Western Hemisphere. Fierce competition ensues between European nations to claim and settle land in the “New World.” Europeans brought home many items previously unknown in the Eastern Hemisphere.* American Indians are displaced, killed in battle over territory, and enslaved. Columbus reaches the “New World” Other European nations begin funding “voyages of discovery” The Columbian Exchange begins The French, English, and Dutch send explorers in search of a Northwest Passage to Asia. Europeans brought many items with them that were previously unknown in the Western Hemisphere. Fierce competition ensues between European nations to claim and settle land in the “New World.” Europeans brought home many items previously unknown in the Eastern Hemisphere. American Indians are displaced, killed in battle over territory, and enslaved. Millions of American Indians die from European diseases. Effects of Exploration Good: Bad: Doors to the Americas Natives got diseases were opened that killed them A ‘New World’ was Natives lost their discovered freedom, customs and pride “Price Revolution”