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European Commission DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Marine Living Resources Common Concern for the Arctic Conference 9-10 September 2008 Ilulissat, Greenland Poul Degnbol Scientific adviser European Commission European Commission DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Climate change is an added stress • Climate change will add an extra stress on sensitive Arctic marine ecosystems, on top of other human impacts 1 • • • • Loss of habitat and forage bases increased pollution impacts increased competition with temperate species impacts due to increased human traffic and development in previously inaccessible areas • Multiple human activities lead to cumulative impacts • Policy response must build on • • Precautionarity Ecosystem approach 1 ACIA 2004 European Commission DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Impacts on living marine resources • Changes in distribution of resources • Opening of access to harvest as large ocean areas become accessible • Possibly fundamental changes in the productivity and species composition of harvestable resources European Commission DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Policy response • Sound knowledge is key to appropriate policy responses – research, data collection, dissemination • Mitigation: low emission technologies • Mitigation: Integrated approach for all human impact to mitigate cumulative effects • Precautionarity, responsibility and responsivity: • • • A precautionary ecosystem approach Adaptive because future changes cannot be predicted Responsible and responsive European Commission DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Policy response – prevent legal vacuum • Changed distribution and access to new areas: Close all legal loopholes for IUU harvest before the fact • • • • Changed distributions and new occurrences will create potentials for new fisheries and IUU fisheries may emerge as a result Mechanisms must be established which can provide for regulated access to new fishing opportunities, respecting the interests of indigenous populations. Changing distribution of fish stocks may challenge existing keys for distribution of access to fishing • Commission takes the view that principles for rules for access should be discussed prior to such changes • The interests of indigenous people must be protected • Urgent to get a legal framework to prevent IUU activities • Existing organisations should preferably be used. Fisheries: NEAFC already covers part of Arctic and has all but one countries as contracting or cooperating parties – no need to reinvent the wheel European Commission DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
