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CHINA
HOMEWORK 12/16 & 12/17
Please define the following words using a dictionary,
textbook glossary, or online resource. Do not use the
word you are defining in the definition and do not
type your homework!
1. Dynasty
2. Mandate of Heaven
3. Feudalism
4. Bureaucrat
5. Philosophy
PRE-TEST (12/16 &12/17)
1.
What comes to mind when you think of China?
2.
Where is China? (Continent + major natural boundaries)
3.
About what percentage of the land in China is suitable for
farming?
4.
Why was the Great Wall of China built?
5.
Name two ancient Chinese inventions still in use today.
PRE-TEST (12/16 &12/17)



What is a dynasty?
 A. A small, crude explosive device invented in China circa 1100 BCE
 B. A succession of rulers from the same family or line
 C. A large cafeteria or dinning hall in the center of a Chinese village
 D. A particularly gruesome or nasty way to die
What is a “Mandate of Heaven”?
 A. The belief that everyone must go to heaven
 B. When two or more men enjoy a day of beer and sports without their wives
 C. The belief that rulers are divinely selected
 D. The set of Chinese rules that determine whether or not one can enter
heaven
What was the principle river of the civilization of ancient China?
 A. Huang He River
 B. Xi Jiang River
 C. Tsingtao River
 D. Monongahela River
BELL RINGER 12/18 & 12/19)
Describe the steps or stages of the Dynastic
Cycle of China
 What role did the Mandate of Heaven play into
the dynastic cycle?

HOMEWORK 12/18 & 12/19

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Please define the following words using a
dictionary, textbook glossary, or online resource.
Do not use the word you are defining in the
definition and do not type your homework!
Confucianism
Filial (or Filial Piety)
Daoism (may be spelled Taoism)
Silk Road
Tribute
BELL RINGER 1/6 & 1/7

What did you do over winter break? Don’t just
tell me “nothing,” be specific! Details, details!
 i.e.
is “nothing” sitting in the dark talking to
yourself? Is it eating Cheetos and drinking Cherry
Dr. Pepper while watching a marathon of Scrubs?
Illegally downloading music and googling lolcats?
BELL RINGER 1/9 & 1/10
What did the script (written language) of the
Mesopotamians, Ancient Egyptians, the Harappan,
and the Chinese all have in common?
 What was the form of writing in Mesopotamia
called?
 What was the form of writing in Ancient Egypt
called?
 Does language stay constant (the same) or change
over time?

BELL RINGER 1/13 & 1/14
What do we know about Buddhism?
 What do we know about Confucianism?
 What do we know about Daoism?

 In
what ways are they all similar? In what ways are
they all different?
GEOGRAPHY
Located in Asia
 Mountains and deserts
cover about 2/3 of
China’s landmass
 10% of land is suitable for farming
 Natural boundaries: Pacific Ocean, Yellow Sea,
East China Sea, South China Sea, Himalayan
Mountains, Taklimakan Desert and Gobi Desert

WESTERN VS. EASTERN CHINA




Mostly desert
Arid climate
Thinly populated
Rich in petroleum and
natural gas



The land between the
Chang Jiang or Yangtze
River and Huang He or
Yellow River is called
the North China Plain
AKA “China’s
Heartland”
Densely populated
YELLOW RIVER VALLEY

The Huang He River (Yellow River)
 “Cradle
of Chinese Civilization”
 “China’s Sorrow”
Loess (a windblown sediment) is deposited into
the river, causing the yellow color and high silt
content
 6th (or 7th, depending on how you measure)
longest river in the world

COLORING OF THE YELLOW RIVER
XIAOLANGDI DAM
DYNASTIC CYCLE
China has been historically led by dynasties, or
a succession of rulers from the same family
 Cycle (see graphic)
 Power is claimed to come from a divine source:
Mandate of Heaven
 Centralized

CHINESE DYNASTY SONG
TUNE ---- FRÈRE JACQUES / ARE YOU SLEEPING )
















Shang
Zhou (“Joe”)
Qin (“chin”)
Han
(Repeat)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJis9TSw1rE
Harvard Professors teach us a nursery rhyme
Sui (“sway” without “w”)
Tang
Song
(Repeat)
Yuan
Ming
Qing (“ching”)
Republic
(Repeat)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIC4zom3w0g
Vogue-History Teachers
Mao Zedong ---------People’s Republic of China / Communist China
(Repeat)
XIA DYNASTY
“First” Dynasty of China
 c. 3000 BCE - c. 2000s BCE
 The Xia dynasty was the first to irrigate, produce
cast bronze and a strong army.
 King Yu was selected as leader because of his
brilliant engineering & mathematics skills, first to
tame Huang He
 King Yu was the first king to have his son follow
him instead of a man chosen by his virtue. This
made the Xia the first Chinese dynasty.

SHANG DYNASTY
c.1600 BCE - 1027 BCE
 First written record of dynasty
 Earliest glazed pottery, advanced bronze work and
jade carving
 365 1/4 days calendar year
 First appearance of Chinese script
 Oracle bones-questions etched on bone, then
stabbed with a hot poker
 Archaeologist have found palace foundations,
burials, and rammed earth fortifications.
 Capital city at Anyang

ZHOU DYNASTY

1027 BCE – 256 BCE





Overthrows Shang in 1027 BCE claiming last Shang
ruler lost the Mandate of Heaven
Kept many Shang cultural practices
Establish feudalism



Period of Warring States 476 BCE – (221 BCE when Qin
Dynasty emerges)
Moved capital to Luoyang
King/Emperor owns land>Grants nobles use of land>nobles
owe loyalty and military service>peasants on land serve
nobles
Over time as villages>towns>cities, land holding nobles
grow stronger
Zhou introduce coin money, blast furnace iron, and build
roads and canals
QIN DYNASTY


221 BCE to 207 BCE
Qin Shi Huang declares himself “First Sovereign Emperor”



Military conquest and unification of warring states
Took land from nobles, assigned jobs, burned books
Legalism








People are bad, law is necessary
Rule of Law
Spy networks
Public works
Bureaucracy
Standardized weights, measures, money, writing
Great Wall of China
Terracotta army
He dies, son murdered, incompetent ruler, peasant revolt
HAN DYNASTY
206 BCE – 220 CE
 Liu Bang


Peasant birth, led rebellion
Merit system promotion
 Confucianism
 Silk Road
 “Han” becomes a name for someone who is
Chinese
 Replace what was destroyed under Qin


Arts flourish
“PERIOD OF DISUNITY”
220 CE – 589 CE
 After Han, warfare and instability rule China
 China breaks up into smaller kingdoms
 AKA the “Six Dynasties”
 Despite political troubles, arts again flourish in
China
 Poetry
 Buddhism

SUI DYNASTY
581 CE – 618 CE
 Grand Canal

 Over
1100 miles long
Military campaigns
 605 CE first gov’t exams

TANG DYNASTY
618 CE – 907 CE
 Empress Wu Zetian (r. 690-705 CE)

 Concubine
of Tang Emperor, marries his son after
his death
 Only empress of China to rule in her own right

“Golden Age”
 Poetry,

painting, music, dancing
Capital Chang'an, est. pop. 1,000,000
SONG DYNASTY
960 CE – 1279 CE
 Technological highlights

 Gunpowder
 Compass
 Paper
money
Government exams for bureaucrats
 Population growth

SILK ROAD




Ancient trade route linking China to the Mediterranean
Evidence of Chinese silk in Egypt c. 1070 BCE
Han Dynasty, Persians, Greeks, Romans, and Mongols
aid development
Transport silk, trade goods, ideas, and disease

Crash course in
World History:
 http://www.youtu
be.com/watch?v
=vfe-eNqQyg&safe=active
CONFUCIANISM

K’ung-fu-tzu or Confucius (551 BCE – 479 BCE)
Born into a poor family of higher class
 Well educated, becomes teacher and bureaucrat

Stresses family relationships, ancestor worship,
harmony & balance, respect for others, avoiding
extremes and perfecting society
 Ethics/Morals rather than religion
 Reinforces individual roles in society; everyone had
their place (positive and negative)

DAOISM (TAOISM)
Laozi (Lao Tzu) circa 500 BCE (sometime during
the Zhou Dynasty)
 Tao Te Ching principle text
 “The Way” or “The Path”
 Wu wei or non-action/non-doing without effort



Emptiness


Think water!
Think of a container!
Desires are bad

Good vs. bad, ugly vs. beautiful; distinctions lead to
desires
Con. (2)
1
1
Bud.
(2)
2
Dao.
(2)
1
Discovery Education- China: From Past to Present: Geography, Traditional Religions, and Beliefs (Film Resource)
CURRENT EVENTS: YELLOW RIVER

http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/05/
china/yellow-river/larmer-text/1#\
CURRENT EVENTS: DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

1.
2.
3.
4.
Please answer the following questions based of the
information from Brook Lamar’s article “Bitter Water:
Can China the Yellow-China’s Mother River?”
Five “W”’s & 1 “H”: Who, What, Where, When, Why,
How?
What did you find to be the most interesting facts or
events in this article? What, if anything, surprised you?
What is the significance? Why should we care? How
can this affect the future?
How does this relate to your life?
CHINESE CALLIGRAPHY

Chinese characters, like all other languages
changed over time

Five Principles of calligraphy
 Balance,
Control

Posture, Knowledge of Tools, Rhythm, and
http://file.tumbnart.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/11/chinese%20symbol
%20tattoos%20art.jpg
BELL RINGER 1/15 & 1/16

Please evaluate the following primary source document:
“Words of truth are not pleasing.
Pleasing words are not truthful.
The wise one does not argue.
He who argues is not wise.
A wise man of Tao knows the subtle truth,
And may not be learned.
A learned person is knowledgeable but may not know the subtle truth of Tao
A saint does not possess and accumulate surplus for personal desire.
The more he helps others, the richer his life becomes.
The more he gives to others, the more he gets in return.
The Tao of Nature benefits and does not harm.
The Way of a saint is to act naturally without contention.”

Who is the probable author of this text?
What philosophy does this best fit with, Buddhism, Confucianism, or Daoism?
Why?
What does this mean to you?


BELL RINGER 1/17 & 1/23
Please evaluate the following primary source document:
"The superior man in everything considers righteousness to be essential. He performs it
according to the rules of propriety. He brings it forth in humility. He completes it with
sincerity. This is indeed a superior man.
The superior man is distressed by his want of ability. He is not distressed by men's not
knowing him.
The superior man dislikes the thought of his name not being mentioned after his death.
What the superior man seeks, is in himself. What the mean man seeks, is in others.
The superior man is dignified, but does not wrangle. He is sociable, but not a partisan.
The superior man does not promote a man simply on account of his words, nor does he
put aside good words because of the man.“



Who is the probable author of this text?
What philosophy does this best fit with, Buddhism, Confucianism, or Daoism? Why?
What does this mean to you?
PDF RESOURCES
Analects full text:
http://www.indiana.edu/~p374/Analects_of_Con
fucius_(Eno-2012).pdf
 Tao Te Ching full text:
http://www.with.org/tao_te_ching_en.pdf

ENGINEERING AN EMPIRE: CHINA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9evCYVir5k
&safe=active