Download Major Types of Reproduction

Sexual and Asexual
Reproduction
Unit 5, Lesson 3
What is Reproduction???
 Reproduction is the
biological process by which
new organisms (offspring)
are produced
 It is a fundamental feature of
all known life and every
individual organism exists as
the result of reproduction
 There are two main types of
reproduction:
 Asexual Reproduction
 Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
 Asexual reproduction occurs when
an organism can reproduce without
involvement with another organism
of that species
 The offspring will be genetically the
same as the parent (a copy)
because there is no genetic
material from another individual
 Most organisms that reproduce
asexually are simple
 Some examples include:
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Bacteria
Single-Celled Organisms
Fungus
Starfish
How do organisms reproduce
asexually?
 Prokaryotes: Binary Fission
 Eukaryotes: Budding
 Buds are developed on the
body and grows until it forms
a new organism that is
genetically identical to the
parent
 Prokaryotes AND
Eukaryotes: Spores
 Are light (weight) and can be
carried by the wind
 Vegetative Reproduction
 Some new plants can grow
from stems, roots, or leaves.
Sexual Reproduction
 Sexual reproduction is the creation
of an offspring by combining the
genetic material of two organisms
 The offspring that is created
inherits genetic material from each
parent and is genetically different
from both parents
 Sexual reproduction is the primary
method of reproduction for the
majority of animals and plants
 It is believed that sexual
reproduction evolved so that
organisms could rapidly respond to
changing environments and
compete for limited resources
Advantages of each type of
reproduction
Asexual
 Reproduction can occur
quickly
 Offspring are identical to the
parent- favorable traits are
automatically inherited
 No need to find a partner
 All offspring – not just
females- are able to produce
more offspring
Sexual
 Increases genetic variation
 Different traits are inherited
to increase chance that
some will survive
 Offspring are not identical to
parent- so they might get a
trait that the parent does not
have making them more
likely to survive
Advantages of using BOTH
 Some organisms can use both typesthere are advantages to this
 When conditions are favorable, many
plants and fungi will produce asexually
– they can do this quickly and take over
an area
 When conditions are not favorable,
plants will switch to sexual reproduction
so they can have a chance for their
species to survive
 With sexual reproduction causing genetic
variation- some of the offspring will inherit
traits that will help them survive while
others will not
Discussion Questions
 Can plants reproduce only
 Look at this cactus:
asexually?
No
Ex: pollen is a male sex cell
 What are the possible
advantages of asexual
reproduction?
Explore….
 Binary Fission
 Budding- Yeast lab
 Spores- Mushroom lab
 Vegetative Reproduction- Sweet Potato