Download The Microscope and Micro-Organism

First person to make and use a lot
of microscopes.
 The first person to make
and use a lot of
microscopes was a
Dutchman named Anton
Leeuwenhoek.
Leeuwenhoek lived in the
1600s in the Netherlands,
and owned a store full of
cloth. Most of
Leeuwenhoek’s
microscopes were tiny
things, not much larger
than 1” x 2”.
How to calculate the Magnification
on a microscope.
 To calculate the
magnification of the
things you are looking at,
multiply the power of the
eyepiece by the power of
the objective.
Making a Wet Mount
 Place a drop of water in
the center of the slide with
an eye dropper.
 Use tweezers to place the
sample on the top of the
water drop.
 Hold the cover slip upright
so that one edge of the slip
touches the edge of the
drop of water.
 Gently lower the cover slip
over the drop of water and
sample, trying not to trap
any bubbles.
Units of Measurement
 1 meter (m) = _______
Centimeters (cm)
 1 meter (m) = _______
Millimeters (mm)
 1 centimeter = ______
Millimeters (mm)
100, 1,000 and 10
Parts of the Microscope
 Eyepiece
 Revolving nosepiece
 The arm
 The stage
 The diaphragm
 The coarse adjustment
knob
 The mirror
Eyepiece
 Is the part of the
microscope closest to
your eye, through which
you look. It contains the
ocular lens, which makes
the image produced by
the objective’s lenses
larger.
Revolving nosepiece
 Holds the objectives and
allows you to change
objectives while looking
at a slide.
The arm
 Is the curved metal piece
that holds the body tube
in place over the stage
and the base.
The stage
 Is the flat surface on
which you put your slides
or samples.
The diaphragm
 Is used to adjust the
amount of light shining
through the sample on
the stage.
The coarse adjustment knob
 Is the large knob used to
adjust the position of the
body tube, allowing you
to quickly bring your
sample into view.
The mirror
 Located beneath the
stage and diaphragm,
increase the amount of
light shining through
your sample.
Micro-Organism
 Volvox
 Euglena
 Cyclops
 Elodea leaf
 Hydra
 Spirogyra
 Vorticella
 Anabaena
Volvox
 Most developed in a
series of genera that
form spherical colonies.
 Each mature Volvox
colony is composed of
numerous flagellate
cells.
Euglena
 unicellular protists, of
the class Euglenoidea of
the phylum Euglenozoa
(also known as
Euglenophyta).
 They are single-celled
organisms. Currently,
over 1,000 species of
Euglena have been
described.
Cyclops
 is a genus of small
freshwater crustaceans
(copepods)
 characterized by a single
eye spot on the head
segment.
 Cyclops also feature
antennae, a segmented
body, 5 pairs of legs, and
a divided "tail" called a
furca.
Elodea leaf
 Elodea leaf is composed
of two layers of cells.
Hydra
 A simple fresh-water
animal possessing radial
symmetry.
 Hydras are predatory
animals belonging to the
phylum Cnidaria and the
class Hydrozoa.[
 They can be found in most
unpolluted fresh-water
ponds, lakes and streams
in the temperate and
tropical regions by gently
sweeping a collecting net
through weedy areas
Spirogyra
 Are green algae of the
order Zygnematales,
named for the helical or
spiral arrangement of the
chloroplasts that is
diagnostic of the genus.
 It is commonly found in
freshwater areas, and
there are more than 400
species.
Vorticella
 is a genus of protozoa,
with over 16 known
species.
 They are stalked inverted
bell-shaped ciliates,
placed among the
peritrichs.
Anabaena
 Anabaena are from a
genus of filamentous
cyanobacteria, or bluegreen algae, found as
plankton.
 It is known for its
nitrogen fixing abilities,
and they form symbiotic
relationships with
certain plants, such as
the mosquito fern.