Download Geography - Harrison High School

GEOGRAPHY
Basic Concepts
RESOURCES
• Natural
• Capitol
• Human
Natural Resources
Natural Resources
• Renewable:
Environment continues to
supply/replace them.
• Ex: Soil, Sun, Water
Natural Resources
• Non-renewable: Cannot be replaced.
– Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
– Metals and Elements (iron, copper, aluminum,
uranium, gold)
**Recycling becomes important
Capital Resources
• Any asset (money and machines) used to
provide goods and/or services
Human Resources
• People – provide the manpower to utilize
capital resources
Energy Sources
• Fossil Fuels
• Nuclear Energy
• Other Sources
Fossil Fuels
• Oil, Coal, Natural Gas, Gasoline
– None are evenly distributed
– Supplies aren't able to be replenished
– Usage does have consequences
Oil
Natural Gas
Coal
Nuclear Energy
• Fission: energy by splitting of atoms
– Problems:
•
•
•
•
Safety
Leaks
Disposal (radioactive waste)
Limited and nonrenewable
Hydroelectric
• Powered by water
• Renewable
• Creates
Electricity
Geothermal
• Powered by the steam from the ground
• Renewable
• Creates
Electricity
Solar
•
•
•
•
•
Powered by the Sun
Renewable
Most abundant renewable energy
Fastest growing
Most adaptable
Wind
•
•
•
•
Powered by wind currents
Renewable
Limited usage areas
Creates electricity
Economic Systems
• The principles and techniques a society uses to decide
and organize business ownership and allocate
economic resources
• Capitalism
• Socialism
• Communism
Capitalism
• Also called Free Enterprise or Mixed Economy
• Laws of Supply and Demand determine success
• In pure Capitalism, there is no govt. intervention
(the U.S. is not pure)
Capitalism
Socialism
• Always a “Mixed Economy”
• Government (the “State”) runs basic
industries
– Transportation
– Communication (the press)
– Banking
Can lead to a “Welfare State” if the Government
runs Healthcare, Housing and Childcare
Communism
• The State makes all economic decisions and owns
all means of production. There is no private
ownership of businesses.
• Ruthless dictators such as Stalin, Lenin, Castro,
Mao Zedong, Pol Pot, and Kim Jung Il
• Sometimes called a “Planned Economy”
• China, North Korea, Cuba, and Vietnam
2 Stages of Economic Development
• Developing Countries
• Developed Countries
Developing Countries
• Do not have modern Technology
• Depend on developed nations for manufactured goods
• Have a LOW Gross Domestic Product
– (GDP) total market value of all goods and services produced within the
borders of a nation during a specified period.
Developed Countries
• Have modern technology
• Have a HIGH Gross Domestic Product
GDP Top 15 (2010)
Rank
Location
In Dollars (Millions)
1
United States
$14,526,550
2
China
$5,878,257
3
Japan
$5,458,797
4
Germany
$3,286,451
5
France
$2,562,742
6
United Kingdom
$2,250,209
7
Brazil
$2,090,314
8
Italy
$2,055,114
9
India
$1,631,970
10
Canada
$1,577,040
11
Russia
$1,479,825
12
Spain
$1,409,946
13
Australia
$1,237,363
14
Mexico
$1,034,308
15
South Korea
$1,014,482
World
$62,911,253
European Union
$16,242,256