Download Federalism

December 9, 2013-
E Pluribus Unum-”From Many One”
This motto was adopted in 1782 by the Founding Fathers.
Copy the motto above.
What do you think the Founding Fathers were
trying to say?
The Constitutional Convention
1787
The Original 13 States
• Met in Philadelphia with
George Washington as
leader
• The purpose was to create
a republic
• In a republic the decisions
rest upon the consent of
the people who elect
representatives
• 9 states were needed for
ratification or approval
Decisions of the Constitutional Convention
Federalism
• Throw out the Articles of
Confederation and create a
stronger federal or national
government
• Create a federalism, a
constitutional system with
powers shared between the
national and state governments
Compromises of the Constitutional Convention
• The Great
Compromise
– Bicameral Legislature
– House of
Representatives
• Representation based on
population
– Senate
• Each state has equal
representation
• 3/5 Compromise
– Debate over counting
slaves for purposes of
representation
– Each slave counts as
3/5 of a person
– Slave trade will end in
1808
The Preamble
We the People of the United States of
America, in order to form a more perfect
Union, establish justice, insure domestic
tranquility, provide for the common
defense, promote the general welfare, and
secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves
and our posterity, do ordain and establish
this Constitution for the United States of
America.
GOALS OF THE PREAMBLE
PREAMBLE
EXPLANATION
EXAMPLES
“Form a more perfect
Union”
Create a nation in which
states work together
*interstate roads
*U.S. coins, paper money
“Establish justice”
Make laws and set up
courts that are fair
*court system
*jury system
“Insure domestic
tranquility
Keep peace in the country
*National Guard
*Federal Marshals
“Provide for the common
defense”
Safeguard the country
against attack
*Army
*Navy
“Promote the general
welfare”
Contribute to the
happiness and well-being
of all the people
*Safety in the workplace
*aid to the poor
“Secure the blessings of
liberty to ourselves and
our posterity”
Make sure future citizens
remain free
*Commission on Civil
Rights
*Federal Election
Commission
The Constitution
PREAMBLE
ARTICLES
AMENDMENTS
INTRODUCTION THAT
STATES THE PURPOSE
PROVIDES THE
STRUCTURE AND
DEFINITION
PROTECTS THE RIGHTS
OF THE PEOPLE
THE BILL OF RIGHTS
•
Many people thought the Constitution made
the government too strong and disagreed with
it. They were called Anti-Federalists.
•
Thomas Jefferson proposed adding the Bill of
Rights.
•
These 10 amendments protected the
individual rights of the Americans.
•
They guaranteed:
– Freedom of worship, speech and press
– Trial by jury
– No unusual punishments
– No housing of soldiers
– Right to bear arms
– No search and seizure without a court
order
The United States Constitution
Federal System of Government
The Three Branches of Government
Balance of Power
EXECUTIVE
CARRIES OUT THE LAWS
PRESIDENT
CABINET
AND
VICE PRESIDENT
LEGISLATIVE
MAKES THE LAWS
SENATE
HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES
JUDICIAL
JUDGES THE LAWS
SUPREME COURT
CHECKS AND BALANCES
The constitution divides the powers given to the national government
This division keeps one branch from being more powerful than another and also allows each branch to
check on another’s actions and decisions.
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
The President may:
JUDICIAL
BRANCH
•Pardon people convicted of federal crimes
•Appoints federal judges
The Supreme Court may:
•Declare President’s actions unconstitutional
•Declare laws unconstitutional
The President may:
•Veto laws passed by Congress
•Call a special session of Congress
The Supreme Court may:
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
•Declare laws
unconstitutional
The Congress may:
The Senate and House may:
•Override President’s veto
•Overrule decisions of the courts
by proposing constitutional
amendments
•Refuse to approve a treaty
•Refuse to approve a President’s
appointments
•Remove a President from office
•May remove federal judges
What part did
North Carolina play?
•
NC met in Hillsborough on July
21, 1788 and decided NOT to
ratify, or approve, the
Constitution. NC believed that it
created a central or federal
government too powerful.
•
NC and Rhode Island decided to
remain totally independent of the
United States.
•
In Fayetteville in 1789, with the
promise of a Bill of Rights, NC
became the 12th state to approve
the Constitution.