Download Grasshopper Dissection Lab Procedure - Parkway C-2

Grasshopper Dissection Lab
Procedure
External Anantomy 1. Observe the grasshopper. Locate the head, thorax, and abdomen. 2. Observe the head. The grasshopper has two compound eyes. There are three simple eyes, one above each of the compound eyes and the third in the middle of the head. These simple eyes are hard to see so look carefully. 3. The sensory parts located on the head are the antennae. The mouth is actually made of separate parts. See the image set up on the smartboard for clarification. Be sure to observe from above and below for accurate identification of parts. 4. The labrum is the hinged upper lip which is used to hold food. 5. The mandibles are teeth used to chew food. They are located just under the labrum. 6. The maxillae are used to chew and taste food. They are located on the outsides of the mouth and can be recognized by the sensory filaments coming off the sides. Another set of similar extensions belongs to the labium (see direction 7.) 7. The labium is the broad flat lower lip used to hold food while it is being chewed. 8. Locate the two pairs of wings. 9. Locate the tympanum, a small drum-­‐shaped structure located on either side of the thorax, above the back leg joint, under the wings. This is the cricket’s ear drum. 10. Use the dissecting scope or magnifying glass to look at the tiny openings along the side of the abdomen. These are breathing pores called spiracles through which oxygen enters and carbon dioxide leaves. 11. All insects have six legs. In the grasshopper, the front pair is used for walking, climbing, and holding food. The middle legs are used for walking and climbing. The hind legs are large and enable to grasshopper to jump. 12. A female grasshopper has a much larger abdomen than a male. It ends in a four pointed tip called an ovipositor, through which eggs are laid. Internal Anatomy
A. Being careful not to destroy the insides, make an incision to the right of the midline through the top of the thorax. B. Cut along this line all the way around the grasshopper: you are essentially cutting off a “side panel” in order to view the internal anatomy.
C. Do the same for the right side of the head. This may be simplified by merely slicing off the right side of the head with a scalpel.
Circulatory System
13. Locate the large dorsal blood vessel. Respiratory System 14. Use the scissors to cut the muscles close to the exoskeleton. Locate the finely branched trachea leading to the spiracles, injected with yellow dye for easy identification. Nervous System Cut through the exoskeleton over the top of the head between the right antennae and the right eye to the mouth.
Remove the exoskeleton on the right side of the head
15. Find the dorsal ganglion or brain Digestive System
You’re going to follow the path of food through the digestive system
16. Find the mouth. Connected to it is the esophagus, then the crop and gizzard. The stomach and the gizzard are separated by a narrow region. Attached at this narrow region are the gastric coecum, digestive glands secrete enzymes into the stomach. 17. Another narrow place separates the stomach from the intestine. Excretory System 18. Attached at this narrow region are the Malpighian Tubules. These tubules collect metabolic wastes from the blood and dump them into the intestine for removal. Reproductive System 19. In the female, the ovary is located above the intestines. In males, a series of whitish tubes, the testes, are located above the intestines. http://www.carolina.com/teacher-­‐resources/Interactive/grasshopper-­‐dissection-­‐activity/tr10823.tr http://bentonzoology.wikispaces.com/Crawdad+and+Grasshopper+Dissection+-­‐+Internal Grasshopper Dissection Lab Name ___________________________________________________________ Date _________________________________ Per. ____________________ Question: How are grasshoppers adapted to survival in their environment? Background: Pgs 726-­‐730 will be helpful 1. What makes any insect an insect? ____________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What type of segmentation is shown in insects? __________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is an advantage to metamorphosis? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Observations External Anatomy
Diagram the external anatomy of your grasshopper Label your diagram with the underlined words You may have to diagram the head separately so that all those parts can be labeled External Anatomy
Conclusion 1. Compare and contrast the skeletal systems of an earthworm, a frog, and a grasshopper. ________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How is a grasshopper’s mouth adapted to eat plants? ____________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How is the circulatory system of a grasshopper different from a frog? _______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ What do you think this means in terms of cellular respiration? _______________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Do you think that a single grasshopper needs to eat a lot? ________________________________________________ Explain. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Which animal, frog or grasshopper, would respond better to its environment? ________________________________ Explain. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Why are the Malpighian Tubules located where they are? ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Color code the systems on the diagram above. Use green for the reproductive system, purple for the respiratory system,yellow for the digestive system, blue for the excretory system, orange for the nervous system, and red for the circulatory system.