Download STUDY GUIDE SECTION 21

STUDY GUIDE SECTION 21-1
Terrestrial Biomes
Name _____________________
Period __________
Date ____________
Multiple Choice-Write the correct letter in the blank
1. ______ The biome that is characterized by the presence of permafrost is called
a. savanna
b. desert
c. taiga
d. tundra
2. ______ Plants living in the taiga are adapted for
a. long, cold winters.
c. nutrient-rich soil.
b. long summers.
d. very small amounts of precipitation.
3. ______Prairie, steppe and veldt are different names for the biome known as
a. tundra.
c. temperate deciduous forest.
b. grassland.
d. taiga.
4. ______Which of the following is not an adaptation that limits water loss in desert plants?
a. protective spines.
c. broad, thin leaves.
b. a waxy coating.
d. opening of stomata only at night.
5. ______The amount of light that reaches the floor of a tropical rain forest is limited by the
a. short growing season in the tropics.
b. forest canopy.
c. dense growth of short vegetation that covers most of the floor.
d. dense fog that exists within the forest.
Short Answer-Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
1. Describe the:
A. Tundra-______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
B. Taiga- _______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
C. Temperate grasslands- __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
D. Chaparral- ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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E. Savanna- _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Describe two factors that limit tree growth in the tundra.
A. _____________________________________________________________________
B. _____________________________________________________________________
3. What characteristic of grasses enables these plants to survive occasional fires and
continuous grazing by animals? ______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. Describe the canopy of the Tropical Rain Forest. ________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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5. How are the plants of savannas adapted to the rainfall pattern of this biome? __________
________________________________________________________________________
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6. Describe three adaptations of desert organisms that conserve water.
A. _____________________________________________________________________
B. _____________________________________________________________________
C. _____________________________________________________________________
7. Explain why vines are so common in rain forests. _______________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS The bar graphs below summarize the typical temperature
range, annual precipitation, and soil-nutrient level of four biomes. Label each graph
according to the biome it represents.
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STUDY GUIDE SECTION 21-2
Aquatic Ecosystems
Multiple Choice-Write the correct letter in the blank
1. ______Which of the following is not an environmental factor that organisms in the
intertidal zone must cope with?
a. periodic exposure to the air
c. constant darkness
b. the force of crashing waves
d. the possibility of dehydration
2. ______Coral reefs form in the
a. neritic zone.
b. intertidal zone.
c. pelagic zone.
d. aphotic zone.
3. ______There are fewer species in the oceanic zone than in the neritic zone because the
oceanic zone
a. receives very little sunlight.
c. is very cold.
b. has low nutrient levels.
d. is under very high pressure.
4. ______A salt marsh is an example of a(n)
a. pelagic zone.
b. species-poor community.
c. estuary community.
d. oligotrophic zone.
5. ______Eutrophic lakes
a. have very clear water.
b. generally do not contain fish.
c. contain little organic matter.
d. are rich in vegetation.
Short Answer-Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
1. Distinguish between the photic and the aphotic zone. _____________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe three adaptations of the intertidal organisms that enable them to survive in this
zone:
A. _____________________________________________________________________
B. _____________________________________________________________________
C. _____________________________________________________________________
3. Describe upwelling. ______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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4. Explain why plankton is important to aquatic ecosystems. _________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. Explain why the productivity of the oceanic zone is high, even though the nutrient levels
are low. _________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6. Describe the main difference between oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes. ______________
________________________________________________________________________
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7. Explain how producers near deep-sea vents obtain energy. ________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8. Water that drains from agricultural fields during heavy rains or over-irrigation may
contain high levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients. What effect might this
water have if it is allowed to enter an oligotrophic lake? __________________________
________________________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Identify the ocean zones labeled a-g in the diagram below.
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