Download Unit 9 Objectives Chapter 9 • Describe the roll of cell division and

Unit 9 Objectives
Chapter 9

Describe the roll of cell division and the factors that cause to reproduce

Describe the structural organization of a chromosome and the appearance of DNA
during mitosis and interphase

Understand what is meant by cell cycle and explain where mitosis fits into the cell
cycle

Be able to describe each phase of mitosis

Contrast between cytokinesis and mitosis in a dividing cell

List some of the problems in cell division when cell cycle control mechanisms do not
work and control is lost

Explain how cancer cells are different from normal cells in the body

Compare and contrast cytokinesis in plant and animal cells

Be able to describe what occurs during each stage of the cell cycle
Chapter 10

Contrast asexual and sexual types of reproduction that occur on the cellular and
multicellular organism levels

Understand the effect that meiosis has on chromosome number

Describe the events that occur in each meiotic phase

Compare mitosis and meiosis; cite similarities and differences

Contrast meiosis in plant and animal life cycles

Describe the various processes that contribute to genetic variation
Chapter 11

Know Mendel’s principles of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment

Describe and differentiate between genes vs. alleles, diploid vs. haploid, hybrid vs.
true breeding, homozygous vs. heterozygous, genotype vs. phenotype, and self
fertilizing vs. cross breeding

Know how Mendel arrived at the F2 generation

Explain what a testcross is and when it is used

Understand how to solve genetics problems that involve monohybrid and dihybrid
crosses and how they determine probability

Describe and differentiate between codominance, incomplete dominance, epistasis,
and pleiotropy and multiple alleles.

Explain how polygenic inheritance gives rise to continuous variation

Be able to follow the concept of linkage groups and the probability of crossing over
compared to non linkage groups

Describe how human gene linkages are identified

Discuss how the environment contributes to variations in gene expression

Describe how a bell curve emerges from a population

Provide all factors contributing to an individual’s phenotypic expression
Chapter 12

Explain how a karyotype is performed

Differentiate between sex chromosomes and autosomes

Know characteristics of autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance
patterns and give examples of disorders for each

Describe how an understanding of chromosomes helps to account for events that
compose mitosis and meiosis

Name some ordinary and extraordinary chromosomal events that can create new
phenotypes

Understand how changes in chromosome structure and number can affect the
outward appearance of organisms

Compare and contrast duplication, deletions, inversion, and translocations

Distinguish autosomal recessive inheritance from sex-linked recessive inheritance
and give examples

Discuss how fruit fly experiments have helped us understand chromosomal behavior

Explain how changes in chromosomal number can occur and present an example of
such a change

Explain the difference between aneuploidy vs. polyploidy, including how and when
they occur

Compare autosomal chromosomal abnormalities with sex chromosomal abnormalities

Explain how pedigrees are constructed

Distinguish between genetic abnormalities vs. genetic disorders

Describe how sex is determined in humans

Give examples how x-linked inheritance disorders and know symptoms of each

Describe how duplicates of genes could have adaptive advantages

List examples of phenotypic defects and describe how each can be treated

Explain how knowing about modern methods of genetic screening can minimize
potentially tragic events

Discuss how various options parents have in treating their children with genetic
disorders