Download Introduction to the solar system

INTRODUCTION TO THE
SOLAR SYSTEM
CHAPTER 4.1
CHANGING VIEWS OF OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
• EARTH AT THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE
• EVERYTHING WAS IN SPHERES ROTATING AROUND
EARTH
• ~ 150 AD PTOLEMY PUBLISHED A MODEL OF THE
SOLAR SYSTEM
CHANGING VIEWS OF OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
THE SUN AT THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE
• ~1500 YEARS AFTER PTOLEMY
• COPERNICUS PROPOSED SUN IN THE CENTER
OF THE UNIVERSE
• MODEL WASN’T PUBLISHED TILL HE DIED
• WASN’T UNTIL GALILEO CREATED HIS TELESCOPE
• PROPOSED THE PLANETS ORBIT THE SUN LIKE THE
MOONS OF JUPITER ORBITED THE PLANET
PLANETS AND THEIR MOTION
• SOLAR SYSTEM: THE SUN AND ALL THE OBJECTS THAT ARE HELD TOGETHER BY THE
SUNS GRAVITY
• 8 PLANETS, 5 DWARF PLANETS, OVER 165 MOONS, MANY ASTEROIDS AND OTHER OBJECTS
WHAT IS AND IS NOT A PLANET
• PLUTO
CONTROVERSY
• PLANET WAS DISCOVERED IN 1930 LATER TO FIND THAT IT WASN’T LIKE THE OTHER 8 PLANETS
•
THEY WERE USING OLDER TELESCOPES SO THEY DIDN’T HAVE THE ABILITY TO SEE PLUTO AND ITS MOON AS TWO SEPARATE THINGS
•
ASTRONOMERS ALSO DISCOVERED MANY OBJECTS LIKE PLUTO ( ICY AND ROCKY)
• THEY HAD TO DECIDE…. WHAT MAKES A PLANET
WHAT MAKES A PLANET A PLANET
• A PLANET MUST BE THE FOLLOWING
• ORBIT A STAR
• BE BIG ENOUGH
THAT ITS OWN GRAVITY
CAUSES IT TO BE ROUND
• BE SMALL ENOUGH
IT ISN’T A STAR ITSELF
• HAVE CLEARED THAT AREA OF ITS ORBIT
• DWARF PLANET
• IF THE FIRST THREE LISTED ABOVE ARE TRUE
THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF ORBITS
• THE FARTHER FROM THE SUN THE GREATER THE ONE PLANETS ORBIT IS TO THE NEXT PLANET
THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF ORBITS
• PLANETS ARE HELD IN THEIR ORBITS BY GRAVITY
• GRAVITY DEPENDS ON THE MASS OF THE OBJECT AND HOW FAR APART THE OBJECTS ARE FROM
EACH OTHER
EXTRASOLAR PLANETS
• SINCE EARLY 1900’S WE
•
HAVE DISCOVERED OTHER SOLAR SYSTEMS
EXOPLANETS
• WHEN A PLANET ORBITS A STAR OTHER THAN OUR SUN
• SIGNS
• SLIGHT MOTION IN THE STAR DUE TO THE PLANETS GRAVITATION PULL
• PARTIAL DIMMING OF STAR’S LIGHT AS THE PLANET PASSES IN FRONT