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Download Vasectomy Tubal Ligation • longer procedure, in hospital • general
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What happens during a vasectomy, and why would a man have one performed? Animation Animation 2 What happens during a circumcision? What happens during tubal ligation in a female? Website Pros List some reasons why a couple might choose one procedure over the other. Vasectomy • protects from UTIs • prevents infection under foreskin • decreased risk of STDs • lowers risk of cancer of penis • appearance (to look more like father, other boys in class...) Tubal Ligation • • • • Cons longer procedure, in hospital general anaesthetic required irreversible longer recovery time (~1wk) • foreskin offers some protection to glans from irritation and infection • foreskin protects sensitivity of glans (offers greater arousal for some) • risk as with any surgery Cervical Cancer Pap Test Risk Factors: • infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) • not having regular pap tests • having sex at an early age • having many sexual partners • smoking • a weakened immune system (ex. HIV or immunosuppressant drugs) • exposure to DES (diethylstilbestrol) before birth • giving birth to 7 or more children • using oral contraceptives • age video "Papanicolaou Test" • speculum is inserted + opened • swab / brush used to collect sample • sample sent to lab • checked for abnormal cells Why have one? • detect abnormal cells in cervix • detect signs of cancer early • sometimes check for HPV Signs: • abnormal bleeding, spotting or bloodstained discharge b/w periods • unusually long or heavy periods • bleeding after sexual intercourse • pain during sexual intercourse • watery discharge from the vagina • increased amount of discharge from the vagina video To avoid washing away / hiding abnormal cells of cervix, avoid: • douching • using tampons • using vaginal creams, suppositories, medications • using vaginal sprays, deodorants • having sex for 2 d ays prio r Signs during later stages: • pain in the pelvic area or lower back that may go down the leg(s) • foulsmelling discharge from the vagina • swelling (edema) of the legs • anemia, which causes tiredness, lack of energy and shortness of breath Prostate Cancer Hysterectomy Signs: • changes in bladder habits (more frequent, urgent, difficulty to start/stop, burning...) • blood in urine or semen • painful ejaculation Signs During Later Stages: • bone pain (back, hips, thighs, neck) • weight loss • fatigue • low red blood cell count (anemia) Note: lung cancer is 2nd most common in men, 3rd in women, but it is the leading cause of cancer deaths in both What is the most common cancer that men develop? • prostate cancer • 1 in 7.4 males develop it What is the most common cancer that women develop? • breast cancer • 1 in 9.1 females develop it Did y o u kn • 1 i • 1 n 2.2 m ow? ales dev in 2.5 f can cer i emales n th eir l ifeti me will • an operation in which the uterus is removed Types Partial hysterectomy removal of uterus; cervix is left in place Total hysterectomy removal of uterus as well as the cervix Total hysterectomy with salipingooophorectomy removal of uterus, cervix, ovaries and oviducts Radical hysterectomy removal of uterus, cervix, upper vagina, pelvic lymph nodes Why might it be performed? • to treat certain cancers (uterine, cervical, ovarian) • preventative measure for those with strong family history of these cancers • severe endometriosis (overgrowth of uterine lining) • in some cases of individuals with fibroids (benign tumors inside uterus) • postpartum to remove placenta that has grown in abnormal places • as part of gender transition (transmen) • in some cases of people with severe developmental disabilities Attachments Endrocrine Gland Function.wpd
