Download Ch 35 Disease Fighting mechanisms Pre test key 2

Infectious Diseases Pre-test Prep.
1. Match each type of disease with the type of disease-causing agent that causes it.
Some types of disease-causing agents may be used more than once.
Disease
4. African sleeping
sickness
Type of Disease-Causing
Agent
A. virus
5. athlete’s foot
B. bacterium
6. botulism
C. protist
7. chicken pox
D. parasitic worm
8. hookworm
E. fungus
9. influenza
10. malaria
11. trichinosis
12. tuberculosis
2. What are Koch’s postulates used for?
3. Complete the flowchart by numbering the steps to show the order in which a researcher
applies Koch’s postulates.
Same pathogen
recovered from
sick mouse
Pathogen injected into
a healthy lab mouse
Pathogen grown
in a pure culture
Healthy mouse
becomes sick
Pathogen isolated
from a dead mouse
Infectious Diseases Pre-test Prep.
Definition
4. Term
skin
A. An increase in body temperature, which slows or stops
pathogens
lysozyme
inflammatory response B. A secretion of the nose and throat that traps
pathogens
histamines
interferons
C. Antibodies, B-cells and T-cells
fever
D. Chemicals that increase blood flow to tissues
mucus
E. Combination of physical and chemical barriers that
defend against pathogens
nonspecific defenses
______
specific defense
______ immune response
F. Redness, pain, and swelling at the site of an injury
G. Proteins that fight viral growth
H. The body’s most important nonspecific defense
I. Distinguish between self and other and inactivate or kill
foreign substances that enter the body.
J. An enzyme found in tears and saliva that breaks down
bacterial cell walls
5. Complete the table to compare how humoral and cell-mediated immunity work after a
virus invades the body for the first and second times.
Humoral Immunity vs. Cell-Mediated Immunity
Action of Humoral Immunity
Primary response:
Action of Cell-Mediated Immunity
Primary response:
Macrophages consume viruses and display
their antigens on the cell surface. Helper T
cells are activated.
Activated B cells grow and divide rapidly.
Helper T cells activate B cells and cytotoxic T
cells and produce memory cells.
Plasma cells release antibodies that capture
antigens and mark them for destruction.
Secondary response:
Secondary response:
Infectious Diseases Pre-test Prep.
6. A runny nose is a symptom of a cold. How is this evidence that the body’s immune
defenses are working?
7. Compare and contrast the roles of B and T cells.
_______________________________________________________________________
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8. Would a disease that destroys helper t-cells also compromise the humoral reponse?
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9. Complete the table identifying the types of t-cells and their roles.
Type of T-cell
Helper T-cell
Role/function
Kill infected cells or initiate apoptosis(cell
death)
Inhibit an immune response once an
infection is under control
Memory helper t-cell
Infectious Diseases Pre-test Prep.
10. Complete the Venn diagram comparing the two types of immunity (p 1020) and writing
the correct word or words on the lines provided.
Long-term ability of
immune system to
respond to
Can result from
natural or
.
exposure
ability to fight off
infections due to
introduced ___________
.
exposure.
New and Re-Emerging Diseases
For Questions 11-15, write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.
11. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a major cause of new or
re-emerging diseases?
A. misuse of medications
B. merging of human and animal habitats
C. vaccination
D. trade in exotic animals
12. Which is an example of an infectious disease that was eliminated by public
health measures?
A. avian influenza
B. hantavirus
C. smallpox
D. West Nile virus
13. How are monkeypox and SARS thought to have started in humans?
A. by animal trade for pets and food
B. antibiotic resistance
C. the clearing of new areas of land in the tropics
D. by the merging of human and animal habitats
Infectious Diseases Pre-test Prep.
14. Malaria and tuberculosis are two examples of diseases that have
A. been totally eliminated from the human population.
B. evolved resistance to many antibiotics.
C. increased because of a lack of understanding of how vaccines work.
D. recently been discovered in the United States.
15. Failing to follow vaccination recommendations are thought to be responsible for
the comeback of
A. Ebola.
B. influenza.
C. Lyme disease.
D. measles.
16. After being vaccinated, many children are treated for fever. This is not considered a
danger or problem. Why might this happen?
_________________________________________________________________________
17. What is the key difference between an immunodeficiency disease and an autoimmune
disease? Provide an example of both types of disease in your response.
Infectious Diseases Pre-test Prep.
18. Complete the flowchart that summarizes the HIV infection process.
15. What is the key difference between an immunodeficiency disease and an autoimmune
disease? Provide an example of both types of disease in your response.
HIV attaches to host cell membranes with specific surface molecules.
Viral DNA enters nucleus, attaches to host DNA, and makes viral RNA.
New viruses bud off of host cell membrane and infect more cells.
Infectious Diseases Pre-test Prep.