Download Chapter 7: The Origins and Spread of Islam

Chapter 7: The
Origins and
Spread of Islam
Guiding Question: How did
Islam originate and spread?
Name:
Due Date:
Period:
Vocabulary
Complete the chart below for the vocabulary terms for this chapter.
Term
Definition
Islam
The religious faith of Muslim; also the
civilization based on the Islamic
religion and the groups of countries
where Islam is the main religion
Muhammad
A man born around 540 CE
who taught the faith of Islam
Polytheism
The belief in more than one
god
Prophet
A person who speaks or
interprets the words of God
Monotheism
The belief in a single God
Muslim
A follower of the Islamic faith
Boycott
A refusal to do business with
an organization or group
Siege
A military action in which a
place is surrounded and cut
off to force those inside to
surrender
Picture that helps you
remember the term
Section 7.2: Arabia in the 6th Century
1. Describe Makkah during Muhammad’s birth.
Possible Answer: During the time of Muhammad’s birth, Makkah was a
prosperous desert trading city on the Arabian Peninsula where many
merchants had become wealthy. Makkah was also a religious center, and
pilgrims from all over Arabia came to worship at the Ka’bah
2. Why was the Ka’bah built and how was it being used during the time of
Muhammad’s birth? Why?
The Ka’bah was built by Abraham, for God, centuries before Muhammad’s
birth. In Muhammad’s time, most Arabs were polytheists and the Ka’bah
housed statues of many different gods.
***For sections 3-6:
• Read the section
• Complete the questions
•
Find the words/terms around the room that match the section of the reading
and write the English translation
Section 7.3: Muhammad’s Early Life
1. Muhammad was born around 570 CE. Muhammad was sent away to live with
a clan, but then returned to his birth city and grew up. How was Muhammad
viewed by others as an adolescent and young man?
As an adolescent, Muhammad was seen as a trustworthy and honest man by
others.
2. Walk around the room and find the four words or terms that best match the
part of the story you just heard. Write the English translation of the Arabic words
here. You can try to write the Arabic words as well if you want.
Birth, orphan, trader, marriage
Section 7.4: The Call to Prophethood
1. What happened to Muhammad around 610 when he went to meditate in a cave?
Around 610, Muhammad went to meditate in a cave and received the call to be a
prophet (messenger of Allah) from the angel, Gabriel.
2. What does the word Muslim mean?
The word Muslim means “those who surrender to God.”
3. What is one things that Muslims did right away in an attempt to create a just society?
In an attempt to create a just society, Muslims granted more rights to women and
ensured their equality before God.
4. What is contained in the Qur’an?
The messages from Gabriel were written down by Muhammad’s followers and
recorded in the Qur’an.
5. Walk around the room and find the four words or terms that best match the part of the
story you just heard. Write the English translation of the Arabic words here. You can try
to write the Arabic words as well if you want.
Cave, Gabriel, Allah, Qur’an
Section 7.5: Muhammad’s Teachings Meet with Rejection
1. What did Muhammad teach when he preached to the Makkans?
Muhammad taught that people must worship one God, that all believers in God were equal,
and that the rich should share their wealth with the poor. He urged Makkans to take care of
orphans and the poor, and to improve the status of women.
2. Why did most Makkans reject Muhammad’s teachings?
Makkan leaders rejected Muhammad’s teachings because they did not want to share their
wealth, and they feared that if Muhammad became too powerful he would seize political
power.
3. Why is Jerusalem a holy city for Muslims?
Jerusalem is a holy city for Muslims because it is the site of Muhammad’s Night Journey
where he met and prayed with earlier prophets, such as Abraham, Moses, and Jesus,
before being guided through the seven levels of heaven and meeting God (Allah).
4. Walk around the room and find the four words or terms that best match the part of the story
you just heard. Write the English translation of the Arabic words here. You can try to write the
Arabic words as well if you want.
Reject, Followers, Boycott, Night Journey
Section 7.6: From the Migration to Madinah to the End of his Life
1. On the timeline below, place each of the following events. Make sure you include the
date for each event. One example is done for you.
• Makkans make a truce with the Muslims
• Muhammad develops a new Muslim community in Madinah
• Muhammad delivers his Last Sermon
• Fighting breaks out between the Muslims and Makkans
• Muhammad and his followers leave on the hijrah
• Muhammad’s army captures Makkah: he rededicates the Ka’bah to Allah
622 C.E. Muhammad
and his followers leave
on the hijrah
624 C.E. Fighting breaks out between
the Muslims and Makkans
628 C.E. Makkans make a truce with
the Muslims
632 C.E. Muhammad delivers his Last
Sermon
600 CE
622- 628 CE
Muhammad
develops a
new Muslim
community in
Madinah
650 CE
630 C.E. Muhammad’s army
captures Makkah; he rededicates
the Ka’bah to Allah
619 C.E. Muhammad’s
uncle Abu Talib dies
and Muslims come
under more attacks in
Makkah
2. Walk around the room and find the four words or terms that best match the part of the
story you just heard. Write the English translation of the Arabic words here. You can try
to write the Arabic words as well if you want.
Madinah, People of the Book, Battles, Last Sermon
Section 7.7: The Four Caliphs
1. List the accomplishments or events that occurred under each of the first four caliphs.
Caliph Abu Bakr
Caliph Umar
Completed the
unification of
Arabia so that Islam
could spread
beyond the
peninsula
Continued to
expand the empire
through conquest
Used military force
to reunite the
community when
they tried to break
away
Spread religion,
allowed Muslim to
gain new lands,
resources, and
goods
Caliph Uthman
Unite Muslims
Oversaw official
edition of Qur’an
Caliph Ali ibn Abi
Talib
Some Muslims
challenged his rule,
which led to a civil
war
People not happy
with him because
he ruled unfairly
and he was killed
Set up governments
and tax systems in
new provinces of
Iraq, Persia, eastern
Mediterranean,
North Africa
Section 7.8: The Umayyad Dynasty
1. Explain the reason for the schism after Ali’s death. What two branches emerged?
After Ali’s death, there was a disagreement about who should claim the caliphate.
Most Muslims, called Sunnis, wanted Mu’awiyah, the leader of the Umayyads. A
smaller group of Muslims, called the Shi’ah, thought that the caliph should only be a
direct descended from Muhammad. The schism still exists.
2. What are examples of the ways that Muslim lands took on more elements of Arab
culture?
Some of the ways that Muslim lands took on more elements of Arab culture are
through the introduction of Arabic language, Arabs taking over as top officials, and
the use of new Arab coins.
3. Why was Muslim expansion into Spain significant?
Muslim expansion into Spain was significant because they had expanded into Europe.
Additionally, the city of Cordoba became a center of learning where Muslim, Jewish,
and Christian scholars could share ideas and make advances in culture.
Section 7.7 & 7.8
1. Complete the map below by adding labels for Tours, Jerusalem, and Damascus. Then
color in the key and the corresponding regions. Use three colors.