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Name: Class: Date: The Age of Exploration: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 Chapter 4 - Lesson 1 Guided Reading Activity The Age of Exploration Lesson 1 European Exploration and Expansion Review Questions DIRECTIONS: Locate each heading below in your textbook. Then use the information under the correct heading and subheading to help you write each answer. I. Motives and Means 1. Who was Marco Polo, and why was he important? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2. What did Europeans hope to accomplish on their voyages? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3. How were the explorers able to travel such great distances? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ II. A Race for Riches 4. Who were two important explorers for Portugal, and what did they accomplish? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 5. Who were two important explorers for Spain, and what did they accomplish? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Powered by Cognero Page 1 Name: Class: Date: The Age of Exploration: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 III. The Spanish Empire 6. What factors helped Cortés defeat the Aztec? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 7. Who was Francisco Pizarro, and what did he do? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ IV. European Rivals 8. Why did the Dutch form the West India Company? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 9. Where in North America did the French and the English settle? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Summary and Reflection DIRECTIONS: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below. 10. How did European exploration affect European nations politically and economically? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Powered by Cognero Page 2 Name: Class: Date: The Age of Exploration: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 Answer Key 1. Marco Polo was an explorer who traveled from Venice to the Chinese court of Kublai Khan in the late thirteenth century. The book he wrote about his journey increased European interest in Asia. 2. Europeans hoped to expand trade for spices, which yielded large profits; to find precious metals; and to convert any people they encountered to Christianity. 3. New, faster ships called caravels, advances in mapmaking, use of the astrolabe and the magnetic compass, and knowledge of wind patterns made long voyages possible. 4. Student answers may vary. Bartholomeu Dias reached the Cape of Good Hope. Vasco da Gama sailed around the tip of Africa to reach India. Afonso de Albuquerque established a port at Goa and helped establish Portuguese control of the spice trade. 5. Columbus reached all the major Caribbean islands and Central America. Magellan is remembered for being the first to sail completely around the globe. 6. Spanish weapons, the use of native peoples as allies, and European diseases helped Cortés and his soldiers defeat the Aztec. 7. Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish explorer who established a new capital at Lima after the conquest of the Inca in Peru. 8. The Dutch formed the company to search for new sources of wealth and trade opportunities. They wanted to challenge Portugal and Spain for colonial dominance. 9. The French settled in an area that is now part of Canada and in Louisiana. The English established successful colonies along the eastern seaboard of North America. 10. A complete answer should include: conquest, competition, and trade led to significant economic and political growth—for example, Portugal took control of the spice trade, the Spanish conquered the Aztec and the Inca; the Dutch, French, and the English explored and settled in North America. Powered by Cognero Page 3
