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Florida US History End-of-Course Assessment Test Prep Workbook Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 South Park Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. ISBN: 978-054-760-8808 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Table of Contents To the Student. .............................................................................. iv Test-Taking Strategies ................................................................. 1 Unit Review . ................................................................................... 6 Practice Test 1 . ............................................................................ 20 Practice Test 2 . ............................................................................ 32 Practice Test 3 . ............................................................................ 44 Practice Test 4 . ............................................................................ 56 Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company iii Table of Contents EOC Assessment To the Student This test preparation workbook helps you master the Florida Next Generation Sunshine State Standards and prepare for success on the US History End-of-Course (EOC) Assessment. This workbook gives you the opportunity to review and practice the strategies and skills essential for success on the EOC, as outlined in the Florida Next Generation Sunshine State Standards. This workbook includes practice tests to help you master the content of the High School US History Standards. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company iv Introduction Test-Taking Strategies and Practice You can improve your test-taking skills by practicing the strategies discussed in this section. First, read the tips on the left-hand page. Then apply them to the practice items on the right-hand page. Multiple Choice A multiple-choice question consists of a stem and a set of alternatives from which to select the right answer. The stem usually is in the form of a question or an incomplete sentence. One of the alternatives correctly answers the question or completes the sentence. Read the stem carefully and try to answer the question or complete the sentence before looking at the alternatives. Look for key words in the stem. They may direct you to the correct answer. Read each alternative with the stem. Don’t make your final decision on the correct answer until you have read all of the alternatives. Eliminate alternatives that you know are wrong. Look for modifiers to help you rule out incorrect alternatives. stem 1. The Sahara is which? a.scattered with rocks and gravel. b.made up of sand dunes. alternatives c. located south of the equator. d.covered with tall grasses and bushes. You can eliminate D if you remember that the Sahara is a desert. 2. Over hundreds of years, the Bantu people migrated from West Africa to where? a.all of North Africa b.East and South Africa c. South and Southwest Asia d.every continent except Antarctica Absolute words, such as all, never, always, every, and only, often signal an incorrect alternative. 3. How did the traditional griots of West Africa pass on the histories of their people? a.by writing books b.by painting murals c. by telling stories d.by making sculptures 4. Which of the following is a true statement about Ghana, Mali, and Songhai? a.They were all conquered by the French. b.They were all active in the Atlantic slave trade. c. They were all part of the West African empire. d.They were all involved in the gold-salt trade. answers: 1 (a); 2 (b); 3 (c); 4 (d) Florida US History Test-Taking Strategies and Practice © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Which is a key word here. Changing it to partly would alter the sentence and call for a different answer. 1 Primary Sources Primary sources are materials that have been written or made by people who were at historical events, either as observers or participants. Primary sources include journals, diaries, letters, speeches, newspaper articles, autobiographies, wills, deeds, and financial records. Look at the source line to learn about the document and its author. Consider the reliability of the information in the document. Skim the document to get an idea of what it is about. (This source includes three paragraphs that are distinct but address a related theme—rulers and moral behavior.) Note any special punctuation. Ellipses (. . .), for example, indicate that words or sentences have been removed from the original. Use active reading strategies. For instance, ask and answer questions on the content as you read. Use context clues to help you understand difficult or unfamiliar words. (From the context, you realize that chastisements means “punishments.”) Before rereading the document, skim the questions. This will help you focus your reading and more easily locate answers. Moral Rulers Book II, 3. The Master said, Govern the people by regulations, keep order among them by chastisements, and they will flee from you, and lose all self-respect. Govern them by moral force, keep order among them by ritual and they will keep their self-respect and come to you of their own accord. . . . Book XI, 23. . . . The Master said, . . . What I call a great minister is one who will only serve his prince while he can do so without infringement of the Way, and as soon as this is impossible, resigns. . . . Book XIII, 6. The Master said, If the ruler himself is upright, all will go well even though he does not give orders. But if he himself is not upright, even though he gives orders, they will not be obeyed. This is a collection of writings on government, ethics, literature, and other subjects by the ancient Chinese scholar and teacher Confucius. 1. Which sentence best expresses the main idea shared by these paragraphs? a.Rules and regulations are hard to live by. b.Leaders should act morally in ruling the people. c. A leader’s goodness is judged by the punishments he administers. d.Rulers should expect their people to obey them no matter what they say. 2. For whom does this advice from Confucius seem most appropriate? a.workers and farmers b.merchants and town artisans c. rulers and their advisers d.soldiers and priests answers: 1 (b); 2 (c) Florida US History Test-Taking Strategies and Practice © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company —The Analects of Confucius 2 Charts Charts present information in a visual form. History textbooks use several types of charts, including tables, flow charts, Venn diagrams, and info-graphics. The chart most commonly found on exams is the table. Tables organize information in columns and rows for easy viewing. Immigration to Selected Countries Country Read the title and identify the broad subject of the chart. Read the column and row headings and any other labels. These will provide more details about the subject of the chart. Number of Immigrants Argentina 1856-1932 6,405,000 Australia 1861-1932 2,913,000 Brazil 1821-1932 4,431,000 British West Indies 1836-1932 1,587,000 Canada 1821-1932 5,206,000 Cuba 1901-1932 857,000 Mexico 1911-1931 226,000 New Zealand 1851-1932 594,000 South Africa 1881-1932 852,000 United States 1821-1932 34,244,000 1836-1932 713,000 Source: Alfred W. Crosby, Jr., The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492 This chart organizes the countries alphabetically. In some charts, information is organized according to years or the value of the numbers displayed. Compare and contrast the information from column to column and row to row. Read the questions and then study the chart again. Period Uruguay Note how the information in the chart is organized. Try to draw conclusions from the information in the chart. Notice that the years covered in the table are not the same for all countries. This chart is about the number of people who immigrated to different countries. Think about what the countries with the highest number of immigrants have in common. 1. According to the chart, in which country did the vast majority of immigrants settle? a.Argentina b.Brazil c. Canada d.the United States 2. Which Latin American country received the most immigrants? a.Argentina b.Brazil c. Cuba d.Uruguay answers: 1 (d); 2 (a) Florida US History Test-Taking Strategies and Practice © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 3 Look at the source line and evaluate the reliability of the information in the graph. If the graph presents information over time, look for trends—generalizations you can make about changes over time. Draw conclusions and make inferences based on information in the graph. Read the questions carefully and then study the graph again. 8,000 7,000 6,000 Note that both total exports and exports to the Atlantic Total Exports economy increased Exports to Atlantic over time. 5,000 4,000 3,000 Economy (North America, West Indies, Spanish America, West Africa) Statistics found in 2,000 scholarly journals tend to be reliable. 17 72 –1 77 4 17 52 –1 75 4 1,000 17 22 –1 72 4 Study the labels on the vertical and horizontal axes to see the kinds of information presented in the graph. Note the intervals between amounts and between dates. This will help you read the graph more efficiently. Value (Thousands of Pounds Sterling) Read the title and identify the broad subject of the graph. One conclusion you might draw is that colonies in North America and the Caribbean were an important market for English goods. 9,000 16 99 –1 70 1 Graphs show statistics in a visual form. Line graphs are particularly useful for showing changes over time. Bar graphs make it easy to compare numbers or sets of numbers. Exports of English Manufactured Goods, 1699–1774 Years Source: R. Davis, “English Foreign Trade, 1700–1774,”Economic History Review (1962) 1. Which statement best describes the trend in total exports? a.They rose and fell. b.They remained unchanged. c. They grew over time. d.They decreased over time. Nations with High Foreign Debt, 1998 Total Debt (Billions of Dollars) Line and Bar Graphs 180 Think about the economic features these countries have in common. 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 ilip Ph Ve n ez ue la pin es Tu rke y In dia Ar ge nt ina Ru ss ia M ex ico Br az il 20 Source: The World Bank Statistics from major organizations, such as the World Bank, tend to be reliable. 2. Which nation has the largest foreign debt? answers: 1 (c); 2 (b) a.Venezuela b.Brazil c. Mexico d.Russia Florida US History Test-Taking Strategies and Practice © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 4 Maps Generally, three kinds of maps— physical maps, political maps, and thematic maps—are used on exams. Physical maps display physical features, such as mountains, rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans. Political maps show countries and the political divisions within them—states or provinces, for example. They also show the location of major cities. Thematic, or special-purpose, maps focus on a particular topic, such as population density, election results, or major battles in a war. The thematic map on this page shows the spread of Buddhism across South and East Asia. The Spread of Buddhism The labels identify the important Buddhist sites in South and East Asia. Read the title of the map to identify the area shown and the subject covered. Examine the labels on the map to find more information on the map’s subject. Study the legend to find the meaning of the symbols and colors used on the map. Look at the colors and symbols on the map to try to identify patterns. Use the compass rose to determine directions on the map. Use the scale to determine distances between places shown on the map. Read the questions, and then carefully study the map to determine the answers. Notice that Buddhism began in northern India and next spread to much of the rest of the Indian subcontinent. 1. To which area did Buddhism spread after AD 550? a.Java b.China c. Japan d.Champa 2. T he routes tracing the spread of Buddhism reflect the cultural influence that China had on which countries? a.Mongolia and Vietnam b.Korea and Japan c. Vietnam and Korea d.India and Japan answers: 1 (c); 2 (b) Florida US History Test-Taking Strategies and Practice © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 5 EOC Assessment Name Date Unit 1 Activity Multiple Choice 4. To whom did Jacksonian democracy give political power? 1. In the early years of New England’s settlement, which of the following caused many colonists to struggle to survive? a. the wealthy a. war with France b. the majority b. extreme weather conditions c. the educated Test with Spanish c.Summative hostile relationships settlers d. the minorities d. royal interference in the governing of colonies 42theHow did Andrew Johnson’s 44 Use this diagram to answer the 5. Use question. this diagram to answer the question. Reconstruction plan differ from Abraham Lincoln’s? CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE A It was much harsher. 2. How does Benjamin Franklin’s service as colonialBrepresentative to black Britain in the years It established codes before the American Revolution reflect the throughout the nation. social mobility possible in the colonies? C Its measures were part of the a. Franklin had been educated in London. Wade-Davis bill. b. Franklin had begun his career as a printer. D It was a little more strict than Lincoln’s, but not friends much. with c. Franklin had long been CAUSES • Settlers in the Americas needed many workers for labor-intensive plantation agriculture. • Planters wanted cheap labor. EFFECTS • Historians estimate that 20 million Africans landed in the Americas. • Historians estimate that millions of Africans died on slave ships crossing the Atlantic. Thomas Jefferson. d. Franklin had previously carried out a variety of scientific experiments. 43 Between 1870 and 1920, what changed about the immigrants coming to the United States from Europe? 3. What was a major weakness of the Articles of Confederation? A After 1890, immigrants were What is another possible effect What is another possible effect that could be that could be listed in the listed in the Effects box? Effects box? a. New crops made slavery useless. b. ATheSlavery American economy became became unpopular and disappeared in the Americas. dependent on slavery. a. It helped Americamore win the Revolution. welcomed warmly than before. b. It was unable to keep the colonies c. Slavery became unpopular and B Enslaved Africans started disappeared the Americas. their owninbusinesses and united. B As time went on, more c. It could not raise afrom largeEurope enough army immigrants to fightmigrated the British. to the South, in order to fill positions vacated by that d. It created a national government African Americans did not have the power to who raisehad taxes. moved north. d. Enslaved Africans started their own succeeded. businesses and succeeded. C The American economy became dependent on slavery. D New crops made slavery useless. C Many of them moved to Hawaii after the United States annexed those islands in 1898. D After 1890, most immigrants from Europe arrived from © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company southern and eastern Europe. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook 6 EOC Assessment Name Date Document–Based The Mayflower Compact We whose names are underwritten… having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and the honour of our King and country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents solemnly and mutually in the presence of God, and one of another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof, to enact, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices… as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the colony unto which we promise all due… obedience. In witness whereof, we have… subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November, 1620. 6a. What does the compact mean when it says the signers are combining “into a civil body politic for our better ordering and preservation”? 6b. What were the colonists agreeing to by signing the compact? 6c. Why is the Mayflower Compact considered an important part of the development of American democracy? STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 7 EOC Assessment Name Date Unit 2 Activity Multiple Choice 4. Urbanization, 1890 1. Which Native American leader was involved in the defeat of George Armstrong Custer in the Battle of Little Big Horn? 50,000 people Boston 200,000 people a. Geronimo New Y b. Sitting Bull Philade c. Chief Joseph Washing ton, D. ork lphia C. d. Quanah Parker Minneapolis/ St.Paul Buffalo Cleveland 2. How did Populists hope to stop election fraud? San Franci sc Chicago o Cincinnati St. Louis a. by increasing the money supply N b. through a graduated income tax E W c. through the use of a secret ballot S d. by imposing immigration restrictions Based on the map, what statement about cities in 1890 is true? a. Cincinnati was larger than Chicago. 3. How did the South continue segregation even after the end of the Civil War signaled the end of slavery? b. New York was the largest eastern city. c. Most Southern cities had a population of 200,000. a. by instituting Jim Crow laws d. Saint Louis was about the same size as Philadelphia. b. by using the plantation system c. by invoking grandfather clauses d. by creating the Freedmen’s Bureau 5. What concern might immigrant parents have had about their children attending public schools? a. Their children might not assimilate quickly enough. b. Their children might prefer to work and earn money. c. Their children might refuse to accept American customs. d. Their children might forget their own culture and language. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8 and Social Gospel STANDARD 11.2.7 Name EOC Assessment Date Specific Objective: Analyze the similarities and differences between the ideologies of Social Darwinism and Social Gospel. Document–Based Read the diagram to answer the questions on the next page. Read the diagram to answer the questions below. Copyright © McDougal Littell/Houghton Mifflin Company Social Darwinism • Based on Charles Darwin’s theory of natural evolution • Wealth, social status, and property indicated a person’s fitness • Poor people were seen as lazy, inferior, and less fit to survive • Appealed to the Protestant work ethic—anyone could prosper with hard work, intelligence, and perseverance • Supported the idea of laissez-faire policies— government should not regulate the marketplace or attempt social reform • Used by Andrew Carnegie and other industrialists to support their business practices Social Gospel Both • Addressed the urban and industrial society of the 19th century • Explained the situation of the poor • Had some connection to Protestant ethics or religion • Opposed by fundamentalists, such as Dwight Moody and Billy Sunday, who preached the literal interpretation of the Bible and individual salvation • A moral reform movement promoted by Protestant clergy such as Walter Rauschenbusch and Washington Gladden • Addressed excesses of industrialization and urbanization • Christians were responsible for helping workers and the poor • Preached salvation through work for social justice • Influenced progressive reformers such as Jane Addams and Theodore Roosevelt 6a. Both Social Darwinism and the Social Gospel explained the situation of the poor. Compare and contrast the two explanations. CSS Specific Objective 11.2.7: Review 39 6b. Why do you think Andrew Carnegie supported the principles of Social Darwinism? STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 9 EOC Assessment Name Date Unit 3 Activity Multiple Choice 4. 1. What happened during World War I that caused momentum in the fight for women’s suffrage? The United States in the Caribbean UN ITED ST ATES Occupied by or protectorate of the U.S. Gulf of M exico BAHAMA ISLANDS N a. Women served with distinction in Army combat units. Havana E W S MEXI CO Guantánamo U.S. Naval Base CUBA Protectorate 1898-1934 Occupied 1898-1902, 1906-1909, 1912, 1917, 1922 Veracruz Occupied, 1914 b. Women stopped agitating for political or economic power. Protectorate 1915-1936 Occupied 1915-1934 PAC I F I C OCEAN 0 0 250 250 GUATEMALA EL SALVADOR PANAMA CANAL ZONE Annexed 1898 COSTA RICA 500 miles 500 kilometers PUERTO RICO CARIBBEAN SEA Leased from Panama 1903 NICARAGUA Occupied 1912-1925 1926-1933 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Protectorate 1905-1941 Occupied 1916-1924 HAITI BELIZE AT LAN TIC OC EAN JAMAICA HONDURAS c. The advent of prohibition gave women enhanced political clout. d. Women distinguished themselves while working in various facets of the wartime economy. U.S. and possessions VENEZUELA PANAMA Protectorate 1903-1939 COLOMBIA How does the map reflect American foreign policy in the Caribbean? a. The United States controlled several countries in the Caribbean. b. The United States took a hands-off policy toward the Caribbean. 2. Which statement best describes Cuba before 1898? c. The United States wanted European countries to get involved in the Caribbean. a. It was a U.S. colony that was threatened and attacked by Spain. d. The United States was only involved with Caribbean countries as a trading partner. b. It was a Spanish colony that had revolted twice to try to gain freedom. c. It was a Spanish colony that prohibited investments by U.S. businesses. d. It was an independent country that was threatened and attacked by Spain. 5. What were U.S. President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points? a. a plan for postwar peace b. a charter for the League of Nations 3. Which theme was common to the diplomatic policies of presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson? c. an outcome of the Treaty of Versailles d. the basis for determining German reparations a. They would not use U.S. troops. b. They refused to back foreign loans. c. They protected U.S. business interests. d. They only supported countries with democratic governments. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 10 EOC Assessment Name Date Document–Based Look at the poster and answer the questions below. 6a. What is this poster an example of ? 6b. Explain the purpose of a Victory Garden. 6c. What were rations and how did Victory Gardens make rations go further? STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 11 EOC Assessment Name Date Unit 4 Activity Multiple Choice 1. Which president approved quotas that limited European immigrants? 4. How did the New Deal affect minority groups? a. New Deal programs helped minorities more than other groups. a. President Coolidge b. President Harding b. Most minorities joined the Republicans in opposing the New Deal. c. President Hoover d. President Wilson c. Minority groups became more politically active during the New Deal. d. Minorities preferred to rely on churches Summative rather thanTest government help. 2. How did the Progressives try to create economic reform? b. by limiting the power of large corporations 36 Use this graph to answer the 5. Use question. this graph to answer the question. c. by eliminating the income tax d. by restricting immigration Farm Bankruptcies (in thousands) 6 3. What did President Hoover think about the situation caused by the stock market crash in 1929 at first? a. It was a good thing for the economy. d. It was the result of industries not producing enough goods. 5 4 3 2 1 0 b. It was a good reason to increase taxes on businesses. c. It was a temporary problem that business could solve. Farm Bankruptcies, 1928—1933 1920 ‘28 ‘29 ‘30 ‘31 ‘32 ‘33 Source: Former Bankruptices and Farm Exits in the U.S., 1899—2002 a. by allowing railroads to control their own rates Year In what did approximately In what year year did approximately 5,000 farms 5,000 farms go bankrupt? go bankrupt? a. A1928 1928 b. 1929 B 1929 c. 1930 37 Frankl Congre six new becaus A kne infl cou fed B was Rep Cou C bel Cou wor just D fear dec New d. C1931 1930 D 1931 38 In a vic the Pat Washin Delawa hundre A Phi Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 12 B Tre C New EOC Assessment Name Date Document–Based Analyze the graphs and answer the questions below. Depression Indicators Bank Failures Business Failures Businesses (in thousands) Banks (in thousands) 5 4 3 2 1 0 1928 ’29 ’30 ’31 ’32 ’33 30 25 20 15 1928 ’29 ’30 ’31 ’32 ’33 Income and Spending Unemployment People (in millions) 35 15 $800 12 $600 9 $400 6 $200 3 Average Yearly Income per Person Average Consumer Spending per Person 0 1929 0 1928 ’29 ’30 ’31 ’32 ’33 ’30 ’31 ’32 ’33 Source: Historical Statistics of the United States 6a. According to the graphs, what effect do bank failures have on businesses? 6b. Describe the effects of unemployment on spending between 1931 and 1932. 6c. Explain how income and spending are connected. STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 13 EOC Assessment Name Date Unit 5 Activity Multiple Choice 1. Why was Kristallnacht a defining event in the Holocaust? 3. Which statement best describes the diffusion of beat literature in the 1950s? b. It was a set of racial laws. a. It started in New Orleans and spread to northern cities. c. It was an area where Jews were confined. b. It started on both coasts and spread to college students. d. It was an attack on Jewish homes and businesses. c. It started in Cleveland and spread through national radio. a. It was a Nazi death camp. d. It started in the South and spread through network television. 2. Use this chart to answer the question. European Totalitarianism of the 1930s Fascist Italy • Led by Benito Mussolini • Nationalism • Private property with strong government control • Establishment of new Roman Empire Nazi Germany • L ed by Adolph Hitler • Nationalism and anti-Semitism • Private property with strong government control • Global triumph of the German people Communist Soviet Union 4. Which best describes the Supreme Court decision handed down in Korematsu v. United States (1944)? a. It declared the internment of Japanese Americans to be legal as a matter of military necessity. • Led by Joseph Stalin • Revolution by workers • State owns all property • Universal rule by working class b. It provided for financial compensation to Japanese for losses suffered during their confinement. c. It repealed Roosevelt’s executive order requiring the removal of Japanese Americans to internment camps. d. It stated that persons of Japanese ancestry but born in the United States were not to be confined in relocation centers. Which would be the best description of the last bulleted item in each column? a. ultimate goal of the regime b. method of ruling the populace c. amount of government control d. reason for entering World War II 5. Which of these was a result of the Cold War? a. a communist government in all of Korea b. a democracy in Cuba that allows trade with the United States c. greater cooperation between the USSR and the United States d. the development of nuclear missiles and a huge military buildup Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 14 EOC Assessment Name Date Document–Based “It has not been the less fortunate, or members of minority groups who have been traitorous to this Nation, but rather those who have had all the benefits that the wealthiest Nation on earth has had to offer… the finest homes, the finest college education and the finest jobs in government we can give. This is glaringly true in the State Department. There the bright young men who are born with silver spoons in their mouths are the ones who have been most traitorous.” —Joseph McCarthy, February 9, 1950 6a. What did Joseph McCarthy believe those who were traitorous to the United States were doing? 6b. Explain McCarthyism, what it meant during Joseph McCarthy’s time, and what it means today and why. 6c. What was Joseph McCarthy’s real motivation in his quest to root out communists? STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 15 EOC Assessment Name Date Unit 6 Activity Multiple Choice 1. With which of the following is the “New Frontier” associated? 4. a. establishing Social Security benefits for the elderly b. cutting taxes and spending on social welfare programs c. increased spending on defense and the space program d. the creation of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 2. Which best describes President Johnson’s “Great Society”? According to the illustration, how did Rosa Parks use civil disobedience? a. She talked with a white passenger. a. It was focused on fighting communism in Vietnam. b. She refused to sit in the back of the bus. c. She gave up her seat for a white passenger. b. It was mostly focused on support for new businesses. d. She refused to get off the bus at the “Colored Only” stop. c. It was intended to fight inflation and spur the economy. d. It was a plan for government to support social programs. 5. Why did opposition to the Vietnam War grow after the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution in 1964? a. because U.S. troops started going to Vietnam in large numbers 3. Which of the following was a reason that many African-American leaders opposed the Vietnam War? b. because there was fear of a nuclear war with China over Vietnam a. The U.S. Army was still largely segregated. c. because people wanted the United States to stop bombing Cambodia b. Congressional leaders had not passed enough civil rights legislation. d. because the United States was spending too much money in Vietnam c. The war helped defense industries that did not hire African Americans. d. A high percentage of the troops fighting the war were African American. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 16 EOC Assessment Name Date Document–Based Ratifying the ERA 38 states needed to ratify by June 30, 1982 WA VT NH ND MT OR ID WI SD Ratified NV Voted against CA AZ PA IA NE UT IL CO KS OK NM AK TX HI MA NY RI CT MI WY Ratified, later rescinded ME MN OH IN WV MO VA KY MD NC TN AR LA NJ DE SC MS AL GA FL 6a. Which region of the United States most strongly supported the ERA? 6b. Which part of the country was most strongly opposed to the ERA? For what reasons? 6c. Explain what happened to the ERA. STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 17 EOC Assessment Name Date Unit 7 Activity Multiple Choice 1. What did the House Judiciary Committee conclude in July of 1974 after investigating the conduct of President Nixon with regard to the Watergate break-in? 4. Use this quotation to answer the question. “I have spoken of a thousand points of light, of all the community organizations… doing good.” a. The president was innocent of all wrongdoing. —George H.W. Bush b. There was enough evidence to warrant an impeachment trial. c. Nixon’s role in Watergate was minor, so he should issue a public apology. With what did President Bush want to replace some government social programs? a. welfare programs d. They needed to appoint an independent investigator to gather more evidence. b. defense programs c. volunteer programs d. economic programs 2. Why did President Carter withdraw support for the SALT II treaty in 1980? a. Iran had seized U.S. hostages. b. The USSR had invaded Afghanistan. 5. Which problem do unions face in today’s global economy? c. He did not think it reduced nuclear arms enough. a. Workers refuse to move around the country to get jobs. d. He did not have enough support to run for reelection. b. Employers in the United States no longer have to follow labor laws. c. Employers can move companies to another area or a foreign country. d. The minimum wage is so high that most workers feel comfortable with their pay. 3. Which of the following was a result of President Reagan’s new economic policies? a. a drop in the stock market b. a sharp rise in the national debt c. an increase in energy conservation d. a huge increase in international trade Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 18 CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARD 11.11.4 The Constitution and EOC Assessment the Watergate Crisis Name Date CourtesyofofTony Tony Auth Courtesy Auth 1 What theof cartoon show 2 author The constitutional 6a. Why isdoes the title the cartoon “Itabout works!” What is the referring to? crisis of Watergate the relationship between the Constitution and the Watergate crisis? A The Constitution had planned for the need to remove a president from office. B The Constitution included no mention of how to run presidential elections. concerned C The Constitution supported the ideas of executive privilege and national 6b. Explain the constitutional crisis of Watergate. security. D A the freedom of the press as guaranteed by the First Amendment. B the balance of power and the system of checks and balances. C whether the president had the right to tape conversations in the White House. D whether the legislative branch had the right to impeach the president. Those who wrote the Constitution did not expect it to last for such a long time. 158 CSS Specific Objective 11.11.4: Practice STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 19 Copyright © McDougal Littell/Houghton Mifflin Company Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Document–Based EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 1 Date Test One 1. Which of these statements best summarizes how the Civil War changed life in the North and South? a. Both regions suffered equal damage. b. The South’s way of life was almost destroyed. c. Life in the North was not changed by the war. d. Slavery still supported the Southern economy. 2. What does the Fourteenth Amendment guarantee to anyone born in the United States? a. the right to vote b. equal protection under the law c. the obligation to perform military service d. eligibility to run for president 3. What were Jim Crow laws? a. measures that outlawed old-time minstrel shows b. laws that waived poll taxes for selected African Americans c. laws that forbade lynching throughout the nation d. laws that separated whites and blacks in public Date and private facilities Name 4. Use this map to answer the question. The Warsaw Pact and NATO, 1955 NORWAY Warsaw Pact countries Sea SWEDEN NATO members IRELAND ATLANTIC OCEAN Ba GREAT BRITAIN i c DENMARK Nonaligned nations lt NETHERLANDS Berlin EAST GERMANY BELGIUM CZECHOSLOVAKIA WEST GERMANY N FRANCE SWITZERLAND SOVIET UNION POLAND AUSTRIA HUNGARY ROMANIA YUGOSLAVIA BULGARIA ITALY PORTUGAL Black Sea SPAIN GREECE 0 500 Miles 0 1000 Kilometers Medite rranean Sea TURKEY ALBANIA is Which is thestatement best statement of how the map the delicate balance of was power during the Cold War? 25 shows Operation Desert Storm 23 Which the best of how organized to liberate the map shows the delicate balance a. Europe is roughly divided east-west, with alliances preventing attacks. of power during the Cold War? A Libya and protect Turkey. b. isNATO and the Warsaw Pact each occupy the same amount of territory. A Europe roughly divided east-west, B Kuwait and protect Saudi Arabia. withc. alliances Each preventing nonalignedattacks. country shares a border with both a Warsaw Pact and a NATO nation. C Iran and protect Iraq. B NATO the Warsaw PactEurope, each d. and NATO dominates protecting the West from the Soviet Union. occupy the same amount of territory. D Iraq and protect Iran. C Florida EachUSnonaligned shares a Workbook History EOC country Assessment Test Prep 26 border with both a Warsaw Pact and a © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company NATO nation. 20 NAFTA trade agreement The changed trading rules for EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 5. Why was building the Panama Canal across Central America important to the U.S. Navy? a. It needed a faster way to travel among U.S. imperial possessions. b. It needed a faster way to reach its European allies. c. It needed to prevent Spain from regaining control in Central America. d. It needed to make money to build new ships. 6. What were Populism’s main legacies? a. Populism had no lasting impact upon American life. b. By opposing the interests of small farmers, Populism helped speed the rise of urban areas. c. Populism showed that impoverished people could organize to have an impact upon the national political system. d. The movement showed that the eastern financial establishment would always support the political aspirations of impoverished farmers and wage earners. 7. Which statement best explains why the Populists and the Democrats believed that bimetallism would help farmers and workers? a. Farmers, like most populists, had large investments in silver mines. b. Populists and Democrats, who were enemies of the farmers, in fact were opposed to bimetallism. c. By putting more money into circulation, people would be able to repay existing debts; this would help debtors climb out of debt sooner. d. By putting more money into circulation, bankers and investors would regain their confidence, and be less eager to foreclose on the farmers’ defaulted loans. 8. Use this quotation to answer the question. “Burn down your cities and leave our farms, and your cities will spring up again as if by magic; but destroy our farms and the grass will grow in the street of every city in the country… [We]… answer… their demand for a gold standard by saying… You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns. You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold.” —William Jennings Bryan, “Cross of Gold” speech Which economic policy did Bryan warn against in his speech? a. cooperatives b. the gold standard c. the “free silver” policy d. the separation of church and state Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company GO ON 21 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 9. Use this quotation to answer the question. “I have carried a heavy load on my back ever since I was a boy. I learned then that we were but few while the white men were many, and that we could not hold our own with them. We were like deer. They were like grizzly bears. We had a small country. Their country was large. We were contented to let things remain as the Great Spirit Chief made them. They were not; and would change the mountains and rivers if they did not suit them.” —Nez Perce Chief Joseph What does this quotation by Chief Joseph express? a. courage in fighting b. optimism for the future c. sadness at losing his way of life d. defiance against the U.S. government 10. Which southern laws were designed to keep freemen in a slave-like condition? a. Race Codes b. Black Codes c. Labor Codes d. Johnson Laws 11. What was one effect of railroads on the growth of the United States? a. Many Eastern cities decreased in size as their citizens left for the Midwest. b. Railroads provided rapid transportation of people, raw material, farm produce, and finished products. c. Because of unfair pricing schemes and corporate conduct, the spread of railroads inhibited the growth of the United States. d. The construction of railroads caused a great demand for iron, coal, steel, lumber, and glass, depleting the nation’s resources. 12. From what part of Europe did most immigrants come during the late 1800s? a. Scandinavia b. the British Isles c. eastern and southern Europe d. northern and western Europe Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 22 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 13. What is the name for a social system with no economic classes and no private property? a. radicalism b. capitalism c. communism d. conservatism 14. Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle helped lead to which of the following? a. the Elkins Act b. the Hepburn Act c. the Meat Inspection Act d. the Newlands Reclamation Act 15. Use this map to answer the question. According to the map, in which region was the meatpacking industry most important? a. West b. South c. New England d. Great Lakes 16. Why was Hawaii important to America? a. It was a tropical paradise. b. It was the sole source of sugarcane. c. It was rich in minerals, timber, and oil. d. It was the site of a critical refueling station. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 23 GO ON EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 17. Which statement best describes the fighting in the Spanish-American War? a. All the fighting was at sea and the United States won easily. b. The United States won easily and fighting lasted only a few months. c. It took the United States over a year to win because its troops were poorly trained. d. Most of the fighting was in the Philippines and the United States won in about a year. 18. Why did Theodore Roosevelt support Panamanian revolutionaries in their fight against Colombia? a. The United States was at war with Spain. b. The United States was at war with Colombia. c. He cared about the well-being of Panamanians. d. He wanted to build a canal through the Isthmus of Panama. 19. U.S. banks loaned more money to the Allies than they did to the Central Powers during World War II. How did this affect the way American business owners viewed the war? a. As a purely business matter, it had no effect on how U.S. business interests viewed the war. b. It caused U.S. business interests to sympathize with the Central Powers, due to their relative poverty. c. It made U.S. business interests anxious for the Allies to win, so that the Allies would be strong enough to repay their loans. d. It caused U.S. business interest to wish for the Allies defeat, in order to prove a lesson to them about the dangers of taking on too much debt. 20. Once the U.S. entered World War I, how did the government build an army in a short amount of time? a. by establishing the draft b. by asking for volunteers c. by offering large signing bonuses d. by appealing to the patriotism of Americans 21. What is the main reason that Americans rejected the League of Nations? a. They objected to Germany’s membership. b. They did not want to help rebuild postwar Europe. c. They feared it could lead to future U.S. involvement in European wars. d. They believed the financial aid it provided would burden the U.S. economy. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 24 NTENT .5 World War I at Home EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 1 Date the best answer. 22. Use this graph to answer the question. 60 55 50 at the conflict left alone. 45 United States irs. 40 at the United s European 35 30 om the o gain t in cooking. s dropped. d strikes. re attacked. ect the tates? ause the ndustry. loyed after war. tes the wer in the armers but ufacturing. 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 The Consumer Price Index changes in the prices of goods and services bought by 4 The Consumer Pricemeasures Index measures changes in the of goods and consumers. Based on prices the graph, which statement about the economy during World War I is true? services bought by consumers. Based a. on Prices bothwhich duringstatement and after the war. the rose graph, about the economy during World War I is b. Prices remained steady during and after the war. true? Copyright © McDougal Littell/Houghton Mifflin Company feelings but the U.S. role Consumer Price Index Source: Historical Statistics of The United States scribes nited States c. Prices dropped after the United States entered the war in 1917. A Prices remained steady during and B Prices rose during the war but dropped when the war was over. d. Prices rose after theduring war. the war but dropped when the war was over. 23. What was significant about the trial of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti? C Prices rose both during and after a. They thewere war.both found innocent. b. DThey weredropped both extremely Prices after theviolent Unitedmurderers. States entered the war in 1917. labor union. c. They had belonged to an influential d. Their political ideas played a major role in their criminal trial. 5 Which of the following best describes economic changes during the war? 24. HowAdidWages U.S. tariffs affect the economy rose and corporate profitsduring the 1920s? a. U.S.dropped. companies fought tariffs because they believed in open markets. Wages droppedcould and corporate b. BForeign countries not affordprofits to buy U.S. exports or repay U.S. loans. dropped. c. Factories increased production to keep up with the demand for U.S. exports. C Wages dropped and corporate profits D Wages rose and corporate profits rose. d. Prices for U.S. goods were kept high, so fewer people could afford to buy them. rose. 25. Which statement describes life for most Americans during the 1920s? Practice a. They worked more hours than previously but had less money to spend. b. They worked fewer hours than previously but had less money to spend. c. They worked fewer hours than previously and had more money to spend. d. They worked more hours than previously and had more money to spend. GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 25 EOC Assessment Name Date 26. How did Woodrow Wilson hope to ensure world peace? a. by eliminating every nation’s military b. by establishing the League of Nations c. by giving the Big Four control over all world affairs d. by making Germany admit it was guilty of starting World War I 27. How did radio and movies influence American culture? a. They supported the expansion of education. b. They advertised the latest artwork and literature. c. They provided Americans with a shared experience. d. They encouraged the development of new technology. 28. Why did the Ku Klux Klan grow dramatically in the 1920s? a. It no longer used violent tactics. b. It started accepting Jewish and Catholic members. c. It encouraged the shift in values in urban America. d. It began to target other groups besides just African Americans. 29. What was one economic problem that led to the Great Depression? a. Farmers were not producing enough food. b. People refused to borrow money from banks. c. People could not afford to buy the products flooding the marketplace. d. The government was spending too much money on welfare programs. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 26 PRACTICE TEST 1 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 30. Use this chart to answer the question. First New Deal, 1933 FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Program) Provided federal money for relief projects to the roughly 13 million unemployed PWA (Public Works Administration) Created jobs by having people build public works such as highways and bridges AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Program) Regulated farm production and promoted soil conservation CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) Hired young men to work on conservation projects, such as planting trees FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) Protected money of depositors in insured banks NRA (National Recovery Act) Regulated industry and raised wages and Prices Which of Roosevelt’s New Deal goals did the FDIC meet? a. fiscal reform b. relief for the needy c. benefits for the unemployed d. recovery for agriculture and industry 31. Which event led the United States to enter World War II? a. Italy’s attack in North Africa b. Germany’s attack on London c. Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor d. Germany’s U-boat attack in the Atlantic Ocean 32. Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the war in the Pacific? a. Both sides realized that there was little hope for victory. b. General MacArthur returned as he had promised he would. c. It was the first time Japan had used aircraft carriers to launch an attack. d. Heavy Japanese losses allowed the Allies to begin re-taking Pacific Islands. 33. What did the cash-and-carry system of 1939 allow the United States to do? a. increase production of arms as long as they were paid for when ordered b. prevent Germany from buying U.S. arms by demanding repayment of loans c. buy imports from Germany and France as long as payments were made in cash d. sell war materials to allies as long as they paid cash and transported the goods themselves GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 27 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 34. Read this table and answer the question below. Jewish Population Before and After the Holocaust c. 1933 Austria c. 1950 250,000 18,000 50,00 6,500 Germany 565,000 37,000 Greece 100,000 7,000 Hungary 445,000 155,000 3,000,000 45,000 980,000 28,000 70,000 3,500 Bulgaria Poland Romania Yugoslavia Which country lost the greatest number of Jews during the Holocaust? a. Poland b. Hungary c. Romania d. Germany 35. What was the main constitutional issue raised by the Japanese internment during World War II? a. American citizens were denied due process of law. b. Illegal immigrants were deported without a hearing. c. Asian immigrants were not allowed to become citizens. d. American citizens were denied the right to hold peaceful protests. 36. Which statement best describes the consequences of dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the end of 1945? a. After the initial impact there were no further casualties. b. The only significant consequence reported was eye damage. c. There was an outbreak of skin disease but few further casualties. d. There were several thousand casualties beyond the initial impact. 37. What was the purpose of the United Nations? a. to rebuild Japan and Germany as democratic societies b. to prevent the spread of communism and Soviet influence c. to punish those who had committed crimes during World War II d. to encourage cooperation among nations and to prevent future wars Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 28 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 38. How did assistance to Europe after World War II affect the U.S. economy? a. It helped the United States to get rid of surplus goods from the war years. b. It raised tariffs to protect U.S. manufacturers from cheap European goods. c. It aided the economy by providing strong markets for U.S. food and manufactured goods. d. It prevented migration to the United States by unemployed Europeans leaving more jobs available for Americans. 39. Which of the following describes characteristics of television programs of the 1950s? a. white families living in the suburbs b. rural families working on small farms c. single women with careers in business d. African-American families living in cities 40. Which best describes how the baby boom affected the way society lived? a. Urban housing went into disrepair because of the increasing city population. b. Extended families began living together because adequate housing was scarce. c. More people used public transportation because there were not enough automobiles. d. Housing developments sprung up in suburbs to accommodate the greater population. 41. Which of the following was one of the biggest changes in women’s roles that occurred directly because of the two World Wars? a. wider use of labor-saving household appliances b. widespread use of daycare facilities to help raise children c. higher divorce rate because of new federal law passed in the 1920s d. increased number of women working in jobs previously reserved for men GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 29 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 42. President John F. Kennedy made the following proposal: “This nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth. No single space project… will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space… But in a very real sense, it will not be one man going to the moon… it will be an entire nation.” What did the Soviet Union do that prompted President Kennedy to make this proposal? a. launched the first human into space b. sent the first animal in orbit around Earth c. announced its plan to develop the first space shuttle d. developed a missile that could be sent through space 43. How did Stokely Carmichael explain Black Power? a. as a call to violent action b. as a focus on self-reliance c. as a call to racial harmony d. as an emphasis on conservatism 44. What did the Supreme Court rule against in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke? a. an unfair distribution of financial aid to minority students b. separate medical schools for whites and African Americans c. a medical school that denied admission to qualified African Americans d. affirmative action programs that set a rigid quota for minority admissions 45. Which statement best describes the effect that Watergate had on the public in the United States? a. It caused feelings of patriotism to rise. b. It was seen as a minor, unimportant episode. c. It caused a new surge of anti-communist hysteria. d. It made many people lose trust in the government. 46. Which country invaded Kuwait in 1990, sparking the Persian Gulf War? a. Iran b. Iraq c. Mexico d. the Soviet Union Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 30 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 1 47. Which statement best outlines Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction? a. to let Confederate army officers take control of the Confederacy b. to establish military governments in every state of the Confederacy c. to disenfranchise all whites, and give the government to freed slaves d. to allow states to re-enter the union if 10% of voters took an oath of allegiance 48. Which of the following definitions is most correct? a. An urban political machine was another name for the council-manager form of civic government. b. An urban political machine was an organization that made its money by facilitating illegal immigration. c. An urban political machine was an organization that controlled all of the activities of a political party in a city. d. An urban political machine controlled both parties in an urban government, which turned civic elections into a charade. STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 31 EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 2 Date Test Two Use the timeline to answer questions 1–2. January 1861 – the South secedes from the Union 1861 January 1863 – President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation 1862 1863 1864 April 1865 – General Lee and the Confederate forces surrender 1865 1866 April 1861 – November 1863 – President Lincoln delivers April 1865 – President Lincoln Civil War begins Gettysburg Address on November 19 is assassinated on April 14 1. How long after the secession of the South did the Civil War begin? a. a few weeks b. about 6 weeks c. about 3 months d. 1 year 2. When did the Battle of Antietam occur? a. before the Gettysburg Address b. before the First Battle of Bull Run c. after President Lincoln was assassinated d. at the same time as President Lincoln’s re-election 3. Use this quotation to answer the question. “. . . persons who have attained the age of majority, whether in this State or any other State of the United States, or in a foreign country, may bind themselves to services to be performed in this country, for the term of five years, on such terms as they may stipulate, as domestic servants and to work on farms, plantations or in manufacturing establishments, which contracts shall be valid and binding on the parties to the same.” —Louisiana Black Code (1865) What does this section of the Louisiana Black code legalize? a. poll taxes b. the slave trade c. indentured servitude d. the arrest of African Americans for meeting in groups Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 32 EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 2 Date 4. By whom did the Radical Republicans feel Reconstruction should be controlled? a. Congress b. the states c. the president d. the Supreme Court Date 5. Which of the following statements about Radial Republicans is biased? NTENT 8.4 a. Radical Republicans supported immediate emancipation of slaves. Postwar Changes in b. Radical Republicans were unfair in their criticism of President Lincoln. Government Spending c. Radical Republicans led the fight to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment. d. Radical Republicans advocated enlisting and using African American soldiers. the best answer. ded the role nt in social ost? 6. Use this chart to answer the question. U.S. Budget, 1940–2000 Percentage Spent on Defense 1940 18% 1950 32% 1960 52% defense and 2000 16% urity benefits artment of Welfare. were arch. overnment Source: Historical Tables, Budget of the United States Government According to chart, the chart, the period 4According to the during which period was defense spending the greatest percentage of the defense spending was the U.S.when budget? greatest percentage of the U.S. was World War II a. budget just before just before World War b. Ajust after World War II II. just after WorldWar War II. c. Bduring the Cold during the Cold War. d. Cafter the Vietnam War D after the Vietnam War. Copyright © McDougal Littell/Houghton Mifflin Company ding on social 7. What was the impact of the public school movement? oorer 5 Plan of 1960 a. The TheCalifornia quality of Master education decreased. established rly and the children who needmore it. difficult standardized tests. c. Schools developed b. More children had access to a free education. A a system of bilingual education for all state support public and private d. BSchools becamefor more exclusive and harder to get into. elementary schools. Florida US History EOCachievement Assessment Test Prep Workbook C state standards for high school students. © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company D a state system of public college 33 GO ON EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 8. Which statement best describes the differing views of the Radical Republicans and Moderate Republicans on Reconstruction? a. Radical Republicans wanted to punish the South and Moderate Republicans did not. b. Radical Republicans believed in Lincoln’s ten percent plan and Moderate Republicans did not. c. Radical Republicans were against the Wade-Davis Bill and Moderate Republicans were in favor of it. d. Radical Republicans felt the president should control Reconstruction and Moderate Republicans felt Congress should control Reconstruction. 9. Which of these was a major difference between the First and the Second Industrial Revolutions in the United States? a. the number of hours people worked b. the education level of the factory workers c. the cities where industries were prominent d. the means by which factories were powered 10. Which statement about U.S. economic growth is true? a. After the Civil War, the nation’s economy recovered slowly. b. A growing urban market slowed the growth of the economy. c. After the Civil War, the nation shifted to an industrial economy. d. The federal government did not support the growth of industry. 11. Which inventor was the first to introduce interchangeable parts? a. John Deere b. Eli Whitney c. Peter Cooper d. Samuel Slater Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 34 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 12. Use this quotation to answer the question. “Resolved, That we will not go back into the mills to work unless our wages are continued… as they have been. Resolved, That none of us will go back, unless they receive us all as one. Resolved, That if any have not money enough to carry them home, they shall be supplied.” —Petition of Lowell Women Workers, Boston, Evening Transcript, February 18, 1834 What effect did increased competition have on these mill workers? a. They were not allowed to strike. b. They were fired without compensation. c. Their wages decreased, which led them to strike. d. Their wages increased, but they had to work longer hours. 13. Which statement about the Social Gospel movement is true? a. It was based on the theory of evolution. b. It preached salvation through service to the poor. c. It suggested that natural law determines who is poor. d. It preached salvation through acquiring influence and wealth. 14. How did political machines control local elections in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? a. by sponsoring voter registration drives b. by monitoring voting booths for fairness c. by exchanging services and favors for votes d. by launching strong campaigns for their candidates 15. Which reformer felt that blacks could gain civil rights by first achieving good skills and reputations? a. Ida B. Wells b. Homer Plessy c. W.E.B. Du Bois d. Booker T. Washington GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 35 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 16. Use this quotation to answer the question. “Is America a weakling, to shrink from the work of the great world powers? No! The young giant of the West stands on a continent and clasps the crest of an ocean in either hand. Our nation, glorious in youth and strength, looks into the future with eager eyes and rejoices as a strong man to run a race.” —Theodore Roosevelt, in a letter to John Hay, June 7, 1897 According to the quotation, what is Roosevelt’s attitude toward American imperialism? a. He believes imperialism is immoral. b. He supports it, but suggests that America proceed cautiously. c. He feels America is too young a nation to establish colonies overseas. d. He thinks America should be aggressive in establishing itself as a world power. 17. What event sparked the beginning of World War I? a. the Russian Revolution b. the invasion of Belgium by Germany c. the sinking of the Lusitania by Germany d. the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand 18. What form of fighting led to a stalemate in the early years of World War I? a. fighter planes b. trench warfare c. the sinking of U-boats d. the use of poison gas 19. What did the African-American and Hispanic-American experiences during World War II have in common? a. increased racial hostilities b. relocation to internment camps c. widespread integration into American society d. key roles and top positions in the American military 20. Which of the following did the War Industries Board have the authority to do? a. manage and increase food production b. set production goals and prices for fuels c. collect Liberty bonds from American citizens d. regulate all materials needed in the war effort Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 36 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 21. Which of the following did the Treaty of Versailles require of Germany? a. a public apology to the Allies b. acceptance of sole responsibility for the war c. payment of damages to its overseas colonies d. division into two states: West Germany and East Germany 22. What was the U.S. role in the Panama Revolution? a. The U.S. Congress authorized Roosevelt to send ships and troops. b. Roosevelt organized the revolution and got the French to send ships. c. A French official organized the revolution, and Roosevelt sent U.S. ships to support it. d. Roosevelt waited until the United States had the rights to build the canal before supporting the revolution. 23. Which statement best explains how Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States? a. It was added to the U.S. after the Spanish-American War. b. It was added to the U.S. after the Mexican-American War. c. It did not become part of the United States, but achieved independence. d. It became part of the United States as part of John Hay’s Open Door Policy. 24. Why did many large companies become conglomerates after World War II? a. to influence political decisions in a broader area b. to limit their efforts to the type of business they knew best c. to protect themselves against declines in individual industries d. to improve their international trade by controlling tariffs in different ports 25. Which of the following is true about Marcus Garvey? a. He was elected leader of the NAACP. b. He argued important civil rights cases in court. c. He organized strikes by African-American workers. d. He encouraged African Americans to return to Africa. 26. How did the Harlem Renaissance affect white society? a. Whites had no awareness of the movement. b. Whites dismissed the work of African Americans as too limited. c. Whites began to appreciate African-American writers and artists. d. Whites prevented African-American books from being sold in the South. GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 37 The Jazz Age and Popular Culture NameDirections: Choose the letter of the best answer. Date Use the chart to answer questions 1 and 2. 27. Use this chart to answer the question. PRACTICE TEST 2 3. Fundamentalists opposed the idea of A. woman suffrage. B. Christianity. C. Prohibition. Transportation & 2.6% Communication D. evolution. Trade 7.9% 4. The 18th Amendment led to an increase in Domestic Professional 11.9% Agriculture 12.7% EOC Assessment A. alcohol consumption. 25.6% B. organized crime. C. fundamentalism. Manufacturing & Mechanical D. women’s rights. 22.6% 5. For how long was Prohibition in effect? Clerical 16.6% A. 1 year C. 13 years The chart shows how women were employed in 1920. Which in the chart caused the most D.data 25 years momentum in the for women’s suffrage? 1. According tofight the chart “Women’s In the 1920s were united by Employment 1920,” whatthemselves percentage a. College graduates found in of professional6.positions whenAmericans they graduated. women worked inside the home? A. mass media. b. About 12% of women continued to be involved in agriculture, generally on family farms. A.quarter 7.9% of women in 1920 were involved in the traditional B. theirwoman’s dissatisfaction Prohibition. c. A role ofwith homemaker and B. 11.9% C. a love of jazz. mother. C. 12.7% D. Vaudeville.and mechanical industries d. Women distinguished themselves while working in manufacturing D. 25.6% during the war. 2. In what industry did college graduates most work? 28. Whenlikely and why was the NAACP founded? A.the clerical a. in 1890s to work for better housing for African Americans B.the transportation & communication b. in 1920s to promote artistic freedom for African Americans C. professional c. shortly after the Civil War to provide better jobs for African Americans D. manufacturing & mechanical d. early in the twentieth century to protest racial violence against African Americans 29. How did mass production change industry in the early 1900s? a. It led to growth in custom-built parts. b. It made home appliances more expensive. c. It made factory jobs more interesting for the workers. d. It allowed industry to produce more goods more quickly. 186 Practice Test Practice and Review Workbook Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company McDougal Littell American History 38 Copyright © McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company. B. 9 years Source: Fogel and Engerman, Time on the Cross, 1974 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 30. Use this quotation to answer the question. “In all my life I have never stole, never killed, never spilled blood. . . . We were tried during a time . . . when there was hysteria of resentment and hate against the people of our principles, against the foreigner. . . . I am suffering because I am a radical and indeed I am a radical; I have suffered because I was an Italian and indeed I am an Italian. . . . If you could execute me two times, and if I could be reborn two other times, I would live again to do what I have done already” —Bartolomeo Vanzetti, shortly before his execution, August 1927 According to Vanzetti’s statement, what conclusion can be made about the U.S. government at the time? a. The government was controlled by radicals with radical agendas. b. The government showed those who committed crimes no mercy. c. The government was distrusting of people who were not born in the United States. d. The government was attempting to regain the trust of its citizens by executing criminals. 31. Which of the following would most likely have lessened the economic effect of the Great Depression? a. a decrease in investments in new businesses b. a decrease in the working wages of the wealthy c. an increase in the amount of money people owed to banks d. an increase in personal savings rates among the least wealthiest citizens GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 39 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 32. Before the United States officially entered World War II, which of the following allowed the United States to help the Allies? a. the Wagner Act b. the Lend-Lease Act c. the Munich Agreement d. the National Recovery Act 33. Which of the following statements describing women workers in defense industries during World War II is true? a. Women performed the same jobs as men, but were paid less. b. Women performed more menial jobs than men, but were paid more. c. Women performed easier jobs than men, and were paid about equally. d. Women performed the same jobs as men, and were paid about equally. 34. How did the United States handle the need for goods such as shoes, sugar, and gasoline during World War II? a. Scarce goods were rationed. b. New products were developed. c. Domestic production increased. d. Imports from South America increased. 35. After which event did the UN forces in Korea begin to retreat? a. a harsh winter b. an attack from Chinese troops c. the withdrawal of U.S. support d. bombardment by Soviet aircraft 36. For the United States, what was the main success of the Korean War? a. The United States installed a democracy in North Korea. b. Korea became a united country with a democratic government. c. Communism was contained without the use of nuclear weapons. d. The United States formed an alliance with China against the USSR. 37. What did opposition to the Vietnam War prompt President Johnson to do? a. He decided not to run for re-election in 1968. b. He began to withdraw U.S. troops from Vietnam. c. He ended the draft in order to regain political support. d. He ordered a secret invasion of Cambodia to try to end the war. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 40 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 38. Why did President Nixon want to improve relations with China? a. He hoped it would end communism in China. b. He hoped it would end the nuclear arms race. c. He thought it would pressure the Soviet Union. d. He thought it would increase international trade. 39. Use this quotation to answer the question. “America keeps her word. Here as elsewhere, we must and shall honor our commitments. The issue is the future of Southeast Asia as a whole. A threat to any nation in that region is a threat to all, and a threat to us. Our purpose is peace. We have no military, political, or territorial ambitions in the area. This is not just a jungle war, but a struggle for freedom on every front of human activity. Our military and economic assistance to South Vietnam and Laos in particular has the purpose of helping these countries to repel aggression and strengthen their independence.” —President Johnson’s Message to Congress, August 5, 1964 According to Johnson, why was U.S. involvement in Vietnam necessary? a. The United States was in danger. b. North and South Vietnam needed to be reunited. c. The political future of South Vietnam was in jeopardy. d. America was responsible for the safety and well-being of the Vietnamese. 40. Why was the Vietnam War called the first “living room war”? a. because the war was covered on television b. because the war was often debated in living rooms c. because every American home was affected by the war d. because the war revealed a “generation gap” between generations 41. What did the G.I. Bill of Rights allow veterans to do? a. get free housing b. return to their old jobs c. receive money for school d. remain in the armed services GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 41 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 42. The large number of undocumented immigrants entering the United States has resulted in which of the following? a. taxing them to help pay for immigration costs b. greater support for classes for citizenship training c. new programs designed to give them job training and education d. laws that make it harder for them to get jobs and remain in the country 43. Which agreement made the United States, Canada, and Mexico one large free trade zone? a. the World Trade Agreement b. the North Atlantic Treaty Agreement c. the North American Free Trade Agreement d. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 44. Which of the following statements about immigration before 1965 is true? a. Before 1965, immigration policy was controlled exclusively by the president. b. Before 1965, immigration policy was biased against Jews and people with dark skin. c. Attitudes toward foreigners and immigrants had brief periods of liberalization during the two world wars. d. Before 1965, immigration to the U.S. was open to people of all countries, as long as they could prove their job skills. 45. From where do most immigrants to the United States come today? a. Asia b. Africa c. Europe d. Latin America 46. How has the war on terrorism affected the lives of everyday American citizens? a. They cannot leave the country without a passport. b. They have the frustration of greater security at airports. c. They must be prepared to present identification at any time. d. They live in fear of being detained at any time without cause. 47. Which country did the United States first attack in response to the 9/11 hijackings? a. Iraq b. Iran c. Jordan d. Afghanistan Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 42 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 2 48. Which statement best describes U.S. policy regarding Israel? a. The United States withdrew its support of Israel during the Cold War. b. The United States strongly supports Israel with economic and military aid. c. The United States has remained neutral in disputes between Israel and its neighbors. d. The United States has failed to negotiate any treaties between Israel and its neighbors. STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 43 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 3 Test Three 1. How did the Civil War and Reconstruction influence the balance of power between the states and the federal government? a. The states became more powerful. b. The federal government became more powerful. c. The rights of the states to secede from the Union were re-affirmed. d. The states completely yielded all power to the federal government. 2. Which statement best outlines Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction? a. to let Confederate army officers take control of the South b. to establish military governments in every state of the Confederacy c. to disenfranchise all whites, and give the government to freed slaves d. to allow states to re-enter the union if 10% of voters took an oath of allegiance 3. What did the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments have in common? a. They all limited the power of the state governments. b. They all granted more political rights to former slaves. c. They were intended to correct the injustices created by slavery. d. They were all supposed to solve the problems created by Reconstruction. 4. Which amendment gave citizenship to all people born in the United States? a. Thirteenth Amendment b. Fourteenth Amendment c. Fifteenth Amendment d. Sixteenth Amendment 5. Which statement best describes “black codes”? a. a nickname for key speeches by abolitionists b. secret codes used by spies in the Union army c. rules of conduct established by the Freedman’s Bureau d. Southern laws that restricted the civil rights of African Americans 6. What was the main purpose of the federal Indian policy of the late 1800s? a. to gain access to Indian land b. to prevent intertribal warfare c. to educate whites about Indians d. to protect the Indians from whites Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 44 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 3 7. How did President Johnson’s actions affect the power of the Ku Klux Klan? a. Johnson urged Congress to pass anti-Klan laws. b. The military authorities he appointed did little to stop Klan violence. c. The president was a former member of the Klan and helped the group gain power. d. Johnson had federal marshals arrest thousands of Klan leaders in an effort to stop the violence. 8. Which philosophy emphasized that inequalities were part of natural selection? a. trusts b. capitalism c. laissez-faire d. social Darwinism 9. Which of the following did the Chinese Exclusion Act include? a. a boycott of Chinese goods for 10 years b. an end to Chinese immigration for 10 years c. the imprisonment of all Chinese immigrants d. the removal of all Chinese immigrants from California 10. Use this quotation to answer the question. “Could we have foreseen, when we called that convention, the ridicule, persecution, and misrepresentation that the demand for woman’s political, religious, and social equality would involve: the long, weary years of waiting and hoping without success; I fear we should not have had the courage and conscience to begin such a protracted struggle, nor the faith and hop to continue the work.” —Elizabeth Cady Stanton, in an 1876 letter to Lucretia Mott on the 28th anniversary of the Seneca Falls Convention What can you infer about the fight for women’s suffrage from the passage? a. It succeeded faster than expected due to the efforts of religious organizations. b. It had the support of the clergy who helped push legislation through Congress. c. It was supported by most people, particularly those who worked in government. d. It was more difficult than expected because of the disorganization of the activists. GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 45 Railroads Transform the Nation EOC Assessment PRACTICE TEST 3 NameDirections: Choose the letter of the best answer. Date Use the map and your knowledge of U.S. history to answer question 1. 11. Use this map to answer the question. Railroad Time Zones Mountain Time Zone Great Northern Lake Fargo Portland La acific Northern P St. Paul L ak e Minneapolis ke Butte Eastern Time Zone Pa ci fic l Centra Union Pacific Denver Topeka F ta e Illinois Chicago Kansas City Los Angeles Boston York Buffalo New Albany e i Detroit Er ke New York La Philadelphia Pittsburgh Cleveland Baltimore ania nnsylv Pe Indianapolis Louisville St. Louis Nashville ern th Memphis pe ka &S an Sacramento San Francisco Omaha Central Salt Lake City Albuquerque , To El Paso ilw Ra ay Washington, D.C. Richmond Norfolk Wilmington Atlanta n Atchiso Southern Pacific R ailw ay Tucson Lake Ontario Texas & Pac Savannah ific Fort Worth New Orleans 0 0 300 Miles Time zone boundary 600 Kilometers Railroad What can you conclude about how railroads affected Florida’s economy based on the map? 1. Which of the following cities is in the 2. One effect of the transcontinental railroad a. Railroads were a boost to the economy because they Mountain Time Zone? waswent to most areas in Florida. b. Railroads improved the economy because they putA. Florida in a different time zone. A. Salt Lake City, Utah the introduction of standard time. c. Railroads not have an effect on the economy because they only ran north and south. B. Denver,did Colorado B. the decline of trade in the East. C. Topeka,worsened Kansas the economy because people invested C. the decline of theinWest’s economy.lines. d. Railroads too much new railroad D. Atlanta, Georgia D. California applied for statehood. 12. In which business venture did Henry B. Plant make his fortune? a. the railroad b. the hotel business c. the steamboat industry d. the express service industry 146 Practice Test Practice and Review Workbook Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company McDougal Littell American History 46 Copyright © McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company. Seattle Central Time Zone So u Pacific Time Zone PRACTICE Immigration and Modern Urban Growth EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 3 Date Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Use the graph to answer questions 1 and Use this graph to answer questions 13 and 14.2. United States from A. northern Europe. Growth of Cities, 1880–1910 People in millions 3. After 1896, most immigrants came to the B. Latin America. 5 C. southern and eastern Europe. 4 D. western Europe. 4. From which country did the United States 3 ban immigration in 1882? 2 A. China B. Japan 1 C. Mexico go de lp hi a D et ro Lo it s A ng el es Bo st on Ch ic a ila n Sa Ph N ew Yo rk 0 1880 co is c an Fr D. Russia 5. What was Tammany Hall? A. a settlement house 1910 Source: Historical Statistics of the United States B. a tenement building C. a political machine D. an immigrant-processing center 13. Which two cities showed the greatest population increases between 1880 and 1910? 1. Which two cities show the greatest a. Chicago andincreases New York population between 1880 and 6. The Protestant social gospel movement 1910? inspired some b. Philadelphia and New York c. New YorkYork andand SanSan Francisco A. New Francisco A. prejudice. B. Philadelphia York B. political machines. d. Philadelphia andand SanNew Francisco C. Chicago and New York C. immigration. D. Philadelphia and San Francisco D. reformers. 14. Which of the following had the greatest influence on the changes seen in the graph? a.2. the CivilonWar Based the graph, which city’s population increased b. the Dawes by Actthe greatest amount between 1880 and 1910? c. the Industrial Revolution A. end Chicago d. the of Reconstruction B. New York C. Boston 15. Which best describes working conditions in factories at the end of the 19th century? D.statement Philadelphia a. Factory work was difficult but it paid well. b. Factory work was difficult, dangerous, and low paying. c. Factories were designed for the benefit of the workers. d. Factory work paid low wages because the work was easy. 156 Practice Test Practice and Review Workbook McDougal Littell American History GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 47 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 3 16. Use this quotation to answer the question. “It is not true that the United States feels any land hunger or entertains any projects as regards the other nations of the Western Hemisphere save such as are for their welfare. All that this country desires is to see the neighboring countries stable, orderly, and prosperous… If a nation shows that it knows how to act with reasonable efficiency and decency in social and political matters, if it keeps order and pays its obligations, it need fear no interference from the United States.” —The Roosevelt Corollary, 1904 According to the Roosevelt Corollary, when could a Latin American country be assured of no U.S. interference? a. when it refused U.S. aid b. when another country acted as its protector c. when the country’s people staged a rebellion d. when it paid its debts and maintained political stability 17. Why did the U.S. government propose the Open Door policy? a. It wanted to modernize China. b. It sought to build naval bases in China. c. It lacked a sphere of influence in China. d. It wanted to allow immigration from China. 18. Which territory did Spain give up as a result of the Spanish-American war? a. Guam b. Haiti c. Florida d. the Dominican Republic 19. Which industry grew the most in southern Florida after railroads were expanded to Tampa? a. the beef industry b. the cigar industry c. the tourism industry d. the aquaculture industry Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 48 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 3 20. Use this quotation to answer the question. “Vessels of every kind, whatever their flag, their character, their cargo, their destination, their errand, have been ruthlessly sent to the bottom without warning and without thought of help or mercy for those on board, the vessels of friendly neutrals along with those of belligerents. Even hospital ships and ships carrying relief to the sorely bereaved and stricken people of Belgium, though the latter were provided with safeconduct through the proscribed areas by the German Government itself and were distinguished by unmistakable marks of identity, have been sunk with the same reckless lack of compassion or of principle.” —President Wilson to Congress, April 2, 1917 What does President Wilson accuse Germany of in this quotation? a. sinking any ship that displays the American flag b. sparing any ship carrying noncombatant passengers c. sparing any ship carrying medical and other relief supplies d. sinking any ship whether it poses a threat to Germany or not 21. Use this quotation to answer the question. “Is America a weakling, to shrink from the work of the great world powers? No! The young giant of the West stands on a continent and clasps the crest of an ocean in either hand. Our nation, glorious in youth and strength, looks into the future with eager eyes and rejoices as a strong man to run a race.” This quotation is from a letter written to John Hay, the American ambassador to Britain, on June 7, 1897. Who wrote the letter? a. José Marti b. Theodore Roosevelt c. President Grover Cleveland d. President Woodrow Wilson 22. How was the experience of African Americans sent to France during World War II different from that of their white counterparts? a. Fewer African American soldiers saw combat than white soldiers. b. More African American soldiers were allowed to become fighter pilots than white soldiers. c. African American soldiers were trained for specific jobs at a higher rate than white soldiers. d. African American soldiers were sent to the front lines in greater numbers than white soldiers. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 49 GO ON EOC Assessment Name Date 23. Which Harlem Renaissance writer grew up in Florida? a. Willa Cather b. Nella Larson c. Ralph Waldo Ellison d. Zora Neale Hurston 24. Why had buying slowed by the end of the 1920s? a. Most people refused to borrow so they could buy more. b. Most people believed there would be another world war. c. Most people preferred to save money, rather than spend it. d. Most people owed more money than they could afford to pay back. 25. Following World War I, on whom did factory owners blame strikes? a. workers who were “Reds” or communists b. native-born Americans who disliked immigrants c. women who had joined the workforce during World War I d. newspapers that published stories about working conditions 26. What did the 18th amendment lead to? a. an increase in organized crime b. a sharp climb in fundamentalism c. an increase in alcohol consumption d. a resurgence of activism for women’s rights Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 50 PRACTICE TEST 3 ★ PRACTICE Economic Collapse EOC Assessment Name Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Use this graph to answer questions 27 and 28. Use the graph to answer question 1. 3. President Hoover’s initial reaction to the Great Depression was to Consumer Borrowing 10 A. rely on private charities to help the poor. B. create welfare programs for the unemployed. C. create retraining programs for veterans. D. force banks to give people their money back. 8 6 4 4. The Bonus Army wanted to A. work on government-sponsored projects. 2 0 B. build the Boulder Dam in Nevada. 1920 1922 1924 Year 1926 C. re-enlist in the army. 1928 D. get their wartime service bonuses early. Source: The Enduring Vision, Houghton Mifflin 2004 5. What happened to the Bonus Army? 27. By about how much did consumer spending increase between and 1929? A. It 1920 was attacked by U.S. troops. 1. Between 1920 and 1929 consumer B. The veterans all went home when Congress a. borrowing $2 billion increased by denied them early payment. b. $3 billion A. about $2 billion. C. The veterans were given their bonuses. c. B.$4.5 billion about $3 billion. D. The veterans were given jobs. d. C.$6about billion $4.5 billion. 6. What was the result of President Hoover’s D. about $6 billion. policies? 28. Based on the graph, what can you conclude about how consumers and businesses were doing 2. What was one economic problem that led to A. The stock market crashed in 1929. business in theDepression? 1920s? the Great B. The Great Depression ended swiftly. a. Manufacturers were exceeding demand on new appliances. A. People refused to borrow money from C. Hoover was reelected in 1932 in a landslide b. Businesses banks. were offering steep discounts on durable goods. victory. c. B.Banks were tightening requirements People could not affordtheir to buy the productson loan applications. D. Hoover lost the 1932 election to Franklin flooding the marketplace. d. Consumers were buying goods on credit or using installment Delanoplans. Roosevelt. were not producing enough food. C. Farmers D. The government was spending too much 29. What was the on goal of theprograms. Kellogg-Briand pact? money welfare a. to prevent war b. to limit military buildup c. to end the use of tariffs d. to force European nations to repay their war debts 30. What natural disaster caused Florida to sink into an economic depression in the 1920s? a. a flood b. a drought 190 Practice McDougal Littell American History Test Practice and Review Workbook c. a hurricane d. an infestation of insects GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 51 Copyright © McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company. Billions of dollars PRACTICE TEST 3 Date EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 3 31. Why was the railroad system in Florida overwhelmed during the land boom of the 1920s? a. There were millions of tourists traveling to Florida by rail. b. The weather was very hot and the trains broke down often. c. Hurricanes damaged many of the rail lines throughout the state. d. Building materials were in demand and the railroads struggled to transport them. 32. How did Adolph Hitler build support? a. by leading a military coup b. by advocating extensive reforms to the German government c. by spreading the myth of Aryan greatness and the coming German empire d. by blaming Communists and Socialists for Germany’s economic problems 33. Which of the following did the Final Solution involve? a. the Allied invasion of Western Europe b. the Allied plan to evacuate all Jews from Europe c. the use of atomic bombs to end the war in the Pacific d. the establishment of extermination camps for the widespread murder of Jews 34. To what did the Double V campaign refer? a. victory against Germany and Japan b. voting rights in federal and state elections c. victory against fascism and for equal rights d. victory against fascism and for communism 35. Which of the following events related to the Kennedy Space Center had the largest impact on Florida’s economy? a. the first American manned flight in space b. the construction of the Vehicle Assembly Building c. the large numbers of workers that moved to Florida d. the creation of the space shuttle as a reusable space vehicle 36. Which of these was the result of the production of an atomic bomb by the Soviet Union? a. the spread of communism b. the continuation of the 28th parallel c. a space race between the Soviets and Americans d. an arms race between the Soviets and Americans Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 52 EOC Assessment Name Name Date Date PRACTICE TEST 3 PRACTICE 37. Which statement best describes a political reason for providing aid through the Marshall Plan? a. A strong economy helped liberal candidates get elected in democracies. CALIFORNIA CONTENT The Marshall Plan STANDARD 11.7.8 b. If a country’s economy was strong, communism was less attractive to voters. c. Truman hoped to get re-elected, and strong support from Europe would help him. d. Strong economies would allow European countries to join the United Nations. Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. 38 Use this chart to answer the question. Use the graph to answer questions 1 and 2. 3 The Marshall Plan How did the Marshall Plan promote unity in Europe after World War II? A It motivated countries to form a military alliance. B It required European countries to work together on a plan for economic recovery. C It united European countries under a common government. D It established a common currency throughout the countries of Western Europe. 2,826 Great Britian Italy 1,316 West Germany 1,297 Holland Source: Problemes Economiques, No. 306 2,445 France 877 Austria 561 Belgium/Lux. 547 Greece 515 Denmark 257 Norway 237 Turkey 153 Ireland 146 Sweden 119 4 51 Portugal How did assistance to Europe after World War II help the U.S. economy? A It helped the United States to get rid of surplus goods from the war years. B It raised tariffs to protect U.S. manufacturers from cheap European goods. Yugoslavia 33 Iceland 29 Other 350 0 Aid (in millions dollars) 2500 500 U.S.1000 1500 of2000 3000 C that It prevented the United Based ongraph, the graph, what you about countries 1Based on the what can youcan conclude received aidmigration under thetoMarshall States by unemployed Europeans. conclude about countries that Plan? received aid under the Marshall D a. Plan? The aid only went to U.S. allies. The only Germany went to U.S. allies. b. AThe aidaid helped rebuild. 5 Thelarge aid helped Germany c. BOnly countries receivedrebuild. aid. The important USSR. d. CThe aidaid waswas important forfor thethe USSR. D Only large countries received aid. What you conclude from the Trials? 39. 2What wascan the purpose of the Nuremberg graph about the amount of aid a. distributed to create a set laws for the League byofthe Marshall Plan? of Nations It provided strong markets for U. S. food and manufactured goods. Which statement best describes a political reason for providing aid through the Marshall Plan? A A strong economy helped liberal candidates get elected in democracies. B If a country’s economy was strong, communism was less attractive to voters. b. Ato Billions punish Germans being loyal to Hitler during World War II of dollarsfor were distributed in C Truman hoped to get re-elected, and total U.S. aid. c. to prosecute Nazi war criminals for atrocities committed strong duringsupport World War fromIIEurope would help States him. to Allied countries countries than d. Bto All determine thereceived amountless of aid to abe paid out by the United billion dollars each. C Most countries received less than a million dollars each. D The amount of aid was too small to have an economic impact. 106 CSS Specific Objective 11.7.8: Practice Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company D Strong economies would allow European countries to join the United Nations. GO ON 53 EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 3 Date 40. How did the Battle of Okinawa affect Allied plans for the war? a. It shifted Allied strategy from a ground war to an air war. b. It led the Allies to abandon their strategy of “island hopping.” c. It forced the Allies to wait until the USSR could fight in the Pacific. d. The human cost of the invasion made the Allies consider using the Atomic bomb. 41. What did Malcolm X and the Black Muslims disagree with Martin Luther King over? a. the philosophy of nonviolent resistance b. the way the NAACP was fighting segregation c. who should run the Congress of Racial Equality d. the role of women in the civil rights movement 42. What is feminism? a. the belief that women are superior to men b. the idea that women should receive special protection under the law c. the desire for the fair distribution of advantages and disadvantages in society d. the conviction that women and men should be socially, politically, and economically equal 43. What was the main focus of President Johnson’s “Great Society”? a. support for big business b. fighting communism in Vietnam c. fighting inflation and spurring the economy d. providing government support to social programs 44. Use this quotation to answer the question. “People always say that I didn’t give up my seat because I was tired, but that is not true. I was not tired physically, or no more tired than I usually was at the end of the day. I was not old, although some people have an image of me being old then. I was forty-two. No, the only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” —Rosa Parks To what did the act that Rosa Parks is referring to lead? a. lunch counter sit-ins b. school desegregation c. voter-registration drives d. the Montgomery Bus Boycott Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 54 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 3 45. Which statement best describes the way black and white lawyers worked to fight segregation after 1930? a. There was little white support until after the Brown decision in 1954. b. The strategy was defined and carried out by blacks with white support. c. Blacks defined the strategy but white lawyers argued the cases in court. d. White lawyers were not involved until blacks had won some important cases. 46. What was the significance of Roe v. Wade? a. It protected abortion rights for women. b. It allowed women to be drafted into the military. c. It prohibited gender discrimination in the workplace. d. It brought national attention to violence against women. 47. On August 9, 1974, President Nixon made history by doing what? a. visiting a communist country b. becoming the first U.S. president to resign c. becoming the country’s first unelected president d. winning re-election by the largest margin ever recorded 48. Which best describes Florida’s role in the 2000 presidential election? a. Florida faced several legal challenges to its voting process. b. Florida’s voting system was used as a model for other states’. c. Florida’s electoral votes ultimately decided who won the election. d. Florida’s electoral votes were discounted because of voting irregularities. STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 55 EOC Assessment Name Date Test Four 1. Which of these events sparked southern recession? a. the Missouri Compromise b. the Crittenden Compromise c. the 1860 Democratic convention d. the election of Lincoln as president 2. How was Congress able to abolish slavery in the United States? a. by passing the Thirteenth Amendment b. by convincing the Confederacy to end the practice c. by freeing slaves from every plantation in the South d. by having Abraham Lincoln give a speech about the end of slavery 3. How did the sharecropper system affect many African-Americans? a. It kept them away from the polls. b. It kept them in debt to landowners. c. It kept them from attending school. d. It kept them from reuniting after the war. 4. Which statement about U.S. soldiers in the Wounded Knee Massacre is true? a. They forced the Sioux out of their lands. b. They were surprised by a Sioux war party. c. They mistook a Sioux ceremony for war plans. d. They forced Navajos to make the “Long Walk.” Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 56 PRACTICE TEST 4 EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 4 Date 5. Use this quotation to answer the question. “The city of Memphis has demonstrated that neither character nor standing avails the Negro if he dares to protect himself against the white man or become his rival. There is nothing we can do about the lynching now, as we are out-numbered and without arms. The white mob could help itself to ammunition without pay, but the order is rigidly enforced against the selling of guns to Negroes. There is therefore only one thing left to do; save our money and leave a town which will neither protect our lives and property, nor give us a fair trial in the courts, but takes us out and murders us in cold blood when accused by white persons.” —Ida B. Wells What does Wells encourage African Americans to do in the quotation? a. move to safer areas b. seek revenge against whites c. accept segregation as the law d. boycott white-owned businesses 6. In practice, what effect did the 15th Amendment have on voting rights? a. It did not affect voting rights. b. It ensured that every eligible American voted. c. It led to new laws to limit voting by African Americans. d. It gave the vote to African-American men and women in the North. 7. Which of the following was a sign of a rise in nativism in the late 18th and early 20th centuries? a. teaching English to immigrants b. the opening of Ellis and Angel Islands c. the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act d. hiring Chinese laborers to build the railroads 8. As the U.S. experienced its second Industrial Revolution, where could the poor find assistance from social reformers? a. immigration centers b. settlement houses c. skyscrapers d. tenements GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 57 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 4 9. What did political machines do? a. They monitored elections for fairness. b. They encouraged reform in government hiring. c. They controlled a political party’s activities in a city. d. They educated voters on both sides of political issues. 10. Which organization did W.E.B. Du Bois help found to work toward ending segregation? a. UAW b. ACLU c. AARP d. NAACP 11. Why did Populists favor backing money with silver? a. They supported bankers. b. The invested in silver mines. c. It would decrease the money supply. d. It would mean higher prices for crops. 12. How did the growth of industry in the early 1900s affect union membership? a. The IWW became the largest union in the country. b. Union membership grew and there were more strikes. c. Union membership fell because laws prevented workers from joining. d. Union membership fell because employers were paying higher wages. 13. Use this quotation to answer the question. “A Settlement is above all a place for enthusiasms, a spot to which those who have a passion for the equalization of human joys and opportunities are early attracted.” —Jane Addams, Twenty Years at Hull-House According to Jane Addams, what types of people are attracted to working in a settlement house? a. people who love housework b. people who believe in the rights of all c. people who are homeless or unemployed d. people who are enthusiastic about woman suffrage Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 58 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 4 14. How did Hamilton Disston’s purchase of four million acres of land in Florida change the state? a. It prompted a huge influx of city dwellers to rural areas. b. It led to the building of canals into and out of Lake Okeechobee. c. It led to the growth of railroads, increased land sales, and a booming tourism industry. d. It prompted the conservation and eventual National Park designation of the Everglades. 15. What did the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine claim? a. that all of Latin America belonged to the United States b. that the United States had no interest in Latin America c. that European involvement in Latin American affairs would be welcome d. that the United States should have a more active role in Latin American affairs 16. What was classified as an advantage of imperial power by pro-imperialists at the turn of the century? a. the ability to make weaker countries stronger b. the chance to open new markets for surplus goods, and to acquire raw materials cheaply c. the loss of ethical authority that came from abandoning the values of the U.S. Constitution d. many pro-imperialists rejected manifest destiny and preferred to incorporate the cultures of weaker countries 17. Which of the following helped lead to the Spanish-American war? a. dollar diplomacy b. yellow journalism c. the Boxer Rebellion d. the Tampico incident 18. Why did Colombia want to wait until 1904 to sell canal rights in Panama to the United States? a. so it could build up defenses in Panama against rebels b. so it could charge a higher price after France’s rights expired c. so it could avoid paying a French company to get the land rights back d. so it could negotiate with France and the United States at the same time GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 59 EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 4 Date 19. Use this quotation to answer the question. “Wars throughout history have been waged for conquest and plunder… And that is war in a nutshell. The master class has always fought the battles. The master class has had all to gain and nothing to lose, while the subject class has had nothing to gain and all to lose – especially their lives.” —Eugene Debs, The Canton, Ohio Speech, June 16, 1918 Debs was arrested and jailed for this speech under the 1917 Espionage Act. What can you conclude was the most likely reason for his arrest? a. Listeners may have refused to fight. b. Listeners may have rushed to enlist. c. Listeners may have harassed military leaders. d. Listeners may have decided to impeach President Wilson. ★ 20. How did the sinking of the Lusitania affect the course of World War I? a. It was a major strategic loss for German shipping. ★ PRACTICE b. Since the event went unreported, it had no effect whatsoever. c. It outraged Americans, and turned public opinion against the Central Powers. Pushing the Germans Back 4. What caused the deaths of more than 20 1,000 million people worldwide? 500 A. a smallpox epidemic B. World War I casualties * Not all countries listed. Source: Over There, by Byron Farwell C. a flu epidemic D. poison gas 5. How did U.S. entry into the war in 1917 immediately help the Allies? Look at the graph. What information explains the difference between the number of German lives A. The Americans took control of the French lost the number American livesDeaths lost? in 1. and According to theofchart “Military town of Cantigny. World War I,”were why might Germany a. The Germans reckless in their have war strategies. B. A U.S. convoy system successfully had the highest and the United States the b. Germany had a higher population than the United States at thatallied time.merchant ships. protected lowest number of casualties? c. Germany had inferior weapons technology compared United States. C. to Thethe German Kaiser steps down. A. Germany had inferior weapons technology Meuse-Argonne offensive pushes the d. Germany wastointhe theUnited war from the beginning, while D. theThe United States joined three years after compared States. Germans back. the war had begun. B. Germany was in the war from the beginning, while the United States joined Florida US Historythree EOC Assessment 60 years afterTest the Prep war Workbook had begun. © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company C. Germany had a higher population than the oughton Mifflin Company. an y Au Hu str ng iaar y U. S. rm ss ia Ge n Ru ita i Fra nc e 0 Br Lives lost (in thousands) d. It increased the glamour associated with German U-boats, and turned public opinion against the allies. 3. In what battle did the Allies finally take the Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. initiative and push the German line back? Use the 1. 21. Use thisgraph charttotoanswer answerquestion the question. A. the First Battle of the Marne B. the Battle of Cantigny 2,000 C. the Meuse-Argonne offensive 1,500 D. the Second Battle of the Marne Specific Objective Discuss why the United States went to war with Spain and how it won colonies in the Caribbean and the Pacific. Name Date EOC Assessment PRACTICE TEST 4 Directions: Read the time line below to answer questions on the next page. 22. Use this timeline to answer the question. The Spanish-American War 1892 José Martí organizes the Cuban Revolutionary Party in New York City. 1893 1894 Martí returns to Cuba to participate in the revolt against Spain. 1895 1896 Copyright © McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company. The New York Journal and the New York World stir up anti-Spanish sentiment with yellow journalism. Spain begins to place Cuban civilians in camps, where thousands die. 1897 1898 February 15—U.S.S. Maine explodes due to unknown causes in Havana Harbor. Outraged Americans blame Spain. January—President McKinley sends U.S.S. Maine to Havana to protect U.S. citizens after riots break out in Cuba. April 20—McKinley signs congressional resolution demanding Spain’s withdrawal from Cuba. April 23—McKinley calls for 125,000 volunteers to aid the war effort. June 13—Theodore Roosevelt and his Rough Riders leave Tampa, Florida, for Santiago, Cuba. June 15—The American Anti-Imperialist League opposes the annexation of the Philippines, believing that the U.S. should not deny others the right to govern themselves. August 12—Spain signs a truce after U.S. takes Puerto Rico. May 1—Commodore George Dewey orders the American fleet to open fire on Manila, capital of the Spanish colony of the Philippines. The Americans defeat the Spanish squadron in seven hours with no American deaths. July 1—Roosevelt’s men and African-American soldiers from the Tenth Cavalry rush to capture the strategic San Juan Hill. July 17—Santiago surrenders after American ships destroy the Spanish fleet attempting to escape Santiago harbor. December 10—Spain gives up Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine Islands to the U.S. When did the Rough Riders leave for Cuba? a. about a month before Santiago surrendered b. in the same month as the U.S.S. Maine was sent to Havana c. three years after José Marti organized the Cuban Revolutionary Party Review 171 d. before McKinley signed the resolution demanding Spain’s withdrawal from Cuba McDougal Littell American History Test Practice and Review Workbook GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 61 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 4 23. What was the task of the federal government’s Committee on Public Information? a. to promote the war effort b. to criticize the expanded powers of the federal government c. to provide U.S. citizens with unbiased information regarding the reasons for war d. to maintain a strict separation between the government and the independent press 24. Which of the following did Christian fundamentalists of the 1920s and 1930s especially oppose? a. Darwinism b. Prohibition c. the Hawley-Smoot tariff d. modern techniques in advertising 25. What happened to the personal savings rate during the 1920s? a. It increased noticeably. b. It increased somewhat. c. It decreased somewhat. d. It decreased noticeably. 26. Which statement describes the way wealth was distributed during the 1920s? a. Owners did not have enough to invest in new business. b. The middle class gained much more than the owners or workers. c. Workers gained at a much higher rate than owners or the middle class. d. The richest people got much richer while working wages rose only slightly. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 62 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 4 27. Use this poem to answer the question. I, Too, Sing America I, too, sing America. I am the darker brother. They send me to eat in the kitchen, When company comes, But I laugh, And eat well, And grow strong. Tomorrow, I’ll be at the table When company comes. Nobody’ll dare Say to me, “Eat in the kitchen,” Then. Besides, They’ll see how beautiful I am And be ashamed— I, too, am America —Langston Hughes According to the poem, what will happen “tomorrow”? a. equality for African Americans b. an uptick in awareness of civil rights issues c. heightened discrimination against minorities d. an increase in the number of African American business owners GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 63 EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 4 Date 28. Use this quotation to answer the question. “… in all cases where insurrection, domestic violence, unlawful combinations, or conspiracies in any State shall so obstruct or hinder the execution of the laws thereof, and of the United States, as to deprive any portion or class of the people of such State of any of the rights, privileges, or immunities, or protection, named in the constitution and secured by this act… it shall be lawful for the President, and it shall be his duty to take such measures, by the employment of the militia or the land and naval forces of the United States, or of either, or by other means, as he may deem necessary…” —Ku Klux Klan Act, 1871 According to the Ku Klux Klan Act, how could the government respond to a violent act that deprived people of their rights? a. The president could send in the militia or naval forces. b. The state courts could decide whether the act was lawful. c. The governor of the state could decide the proper penalty. d. Congress could deny statehood to the state where the violence occurred. 29. Agents of who carried out raids that perpetuated the Red Scare? a. President Wilson b. Senator McCarthy c. Sacco and Vanzetti d. Attorney General Palmer 30. Why were large radio networks like NBC and CBS formed? a. to compete with radio stations owned by radio manufacturers b. to allow more people to own radio stations in their communities c. to force small local companies to contribute to national broadcasts d. to link stations across the country to allow for common programming 31. How did President Roosevelt respond to African American demands for equal rights? a. He helped African Americans organize protests that influenced Congress. b. He responded to African-American protests by using troops to control them. c. He refused to meet with African-American leaders to discuss their demands. d. He issued an executive order barring discrimination in jobs with federal contracts. Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 64 EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 4 32. Great Britain and France declared war after Germany invaded which country? a. Poland b. Austria c. Belgium d. Czechoslovakia 33. Why did the Americans decide to drop atomic bombs on Japan? a. China was entering the war on Japan’s side. b. Japan was developing its own atomic weapons. c. Estimates for U.S. casualties in a troop invasion were too high. d. The Allies were making no progress in gaining bases near Japan. 34. How did African Americans gain more access to defense industry jobs during World War II? a. General Eisenhower persuaded companies to hire them. b. Roosevelt persuaded Congress to pass a bill that guaranteed equal access. c. Business leaders like Henry Ford showed other owners that equal access was a good policy. d. Roosevelt signed an order for equal access after A. Philip Randolph threatened to lead a large protest march on Washington. 35. What role did Mary McLeod Bethune play in the creation of the United Nations? a. She argued against its formation. b. She wrote the original laws of the United Nations. c. She served on the delegation that developed its charter. d. She advised President Franklin D. Roosevelt on its development. GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 65 The Vietnam War Ends Name EOC Assessment PRACTICE TEST 4 Date Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Use the graph and summary to answer question 1. 36. Use this graph to answer the question. Vietnamese Refugee Arrivals to the United States Arrivals (in thousands) 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 Fiscal Year 1993 1996 1999 2002 What can you conclude most likely happened in 1975? 1. About how many Vietnamese refugees 3. The United States ended its involvement in a. The Vietnam War ended. entered the United States in the year the the Vietnam War by b. The surrendered warU.S. ended in 1975? to the Viet Cong. A. surrendering to the Viet Cong. c. The United States withdrew from the Vietnam War. A. 38,000 B. withdrawing U.S. combat troops. d. Living conditions in Vietnam became uninhabitable. B. 62,000 C. establishing South Vietnam as a U.S. territory. C. 95,000 37. Why did the Tet Offensive surprise many Americans? D. 130,000 D. giving control of South Vietnam to North Vietnamese forces. a. They had not expected China to enter the war. 2. Which of the following statements about b. They thought the United States was winning the war. 4. What American act caused lasting damage returning American soldiers is true? c. They thought the Vietnamese New Year would be a time of calm.after the war ended? in Vietnam A. They were given a hero’s welcome. d. They thought the Communist troops would attack urban, not rural, areas. A. the bombing of Ho Chi Minh City B. They were treated coldly by B. the occupation of South Vietnam Vietnamese-Americans. 38. Use this quotation to answer the question. C. the use of Agent Orange and napalm C. Many developed stress disorders as a result of their experience in Vietnam. D. the refusal to allow Vietnamese refugees “It never, ever came into my mind to get rid of that number. That into thenumber United States D. More than 500,000 American soldiers is a part of me, a part of my experience.” returned home wounded. —Helena Jockel, Auschwitz survivor, talking about the number tattooed onto her arm by the Nazis. What motto of the Jewish people is Jockel expressing? 226a. Practice never fight McDougal Littell American History Test Practice and Review Workbook b. never forget c. never forgive d. never follow Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 66 Copyright © McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company. Source: Southeast Asia Resource Action Center, Southeast Asian American Statistical Profile. Washington, D.C. 2004, p. 10. EOC Assessment Name Date PRACTICE TEST 4 39. With which of the following problems did the U.S. military struggle in Vietnam? a. identifying the enemy b. acquiring enough supplies c. surviving the bitterly cold weather d. fighting superior troops and weapons 40. Which of the following issues created a major obstacle during the peace talks to end the Korean War? a. who would lead the reunited Korea b. whether Korea would be Communist or democratic c. where the boundary between North Korea and China would be d. where the boundary between North Korea and South Korea would be 41. Which group most benefited from the prosperity after World War II? a. whites b. Jewish Americans c. African Americans d. Japanese Americans 42. Which tactic was used by Native Americans, Mexican Americans, and women in the fight for civil rights in the 1960s and 1970s? a. peaceful protests b. agricultural boycotts c. blackmail and coercion d. violent demonstrations 43. How do Medicare and Medicaid provide economic stability? a. Their cost is based on how much you use them. b. They provide health care for the poor and elderly. c. They negotiate with hospitals to get customers the best price. d. They counsel members on how to make smart financial decisions. 44. Which of the following was a secondary effect of Hurricane Andrew in Florida? a. looting b. flooding c. storm tides d. wind damage GO ON Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 67 EOC Assessment Name PRACTICE TEST 3 Date 45. The Johnson Doctrine involved which of the following? a. adopting social programs to combat poverty in America b. providing economic aid to any nation that was vulnerable to a Communist takeover c. intervening in revolutions in Latin America that were aimed at establishing Communist dictatorships d. strengthening conventional American forces so the nation would have other options than nuclear weapons in times of crisis 46. What was Levittown? a. the location of the country’s ICBMs b. the town where the nuclear bomb was developed c. a large suburban development of single-family homes d. a part of New York City containing many apartment buildings 47. In legal terms, what did Brown v. Board of Education (1954) accomplish? a. It had little effect on civil rights legislation. b. It overturned states’ rights to control private education. c. It declared that education was not a public right, but a privilege. d. It swept away the legal basis for segregation and Jim Crow laws. 48. Use this quotation to answer the question. “All this on account of us wanting to register, to become first-class citizens, and if the Freedom Democratic Party is not seated now, I question America. Is this America, the land of the free and the home of the brave where we have to sleep with our telephones off the hooks because our lives be threatened daily because we want to live as decent human beings in America?” —Fannie Lou Hamer With which other civil rights event does the event Hamer is referring to have the most in common? a. Martin Luther King’s “I have a dream speech.” b. Rosa Parks refusing to give up her place on a bus c. the founding of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama d. the Black Panther Party’s resistance to police brutality STOP Florida US History EOC Assessment Test Prep Workbook © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 68