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Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Science
Mr. Vorstadt
Evolution Worksheet #2
1- A __________________________ is some remnant of an organism that proves its existence.
2- _________________________, sap from ancient trees, hardens and encases soft-bodies.
3- Most fossils are found in _________________________ rock.
4- The oldest fossils are found in the _____________________ layer of rock.
5- Using fossils and the layers of rock they are located in is _______________________ dating.
6- __________________________ can be used to determine a precise age in years of fossils.
7- Researchers use ______________________ studies to establish evolutionary relationships
between organisms.
8- ______________________ structures have a similar function but the structure is different.
9- ______________________ structures are similar in structure but may have different functions.
10- _____________________ structures are reduced in size and have no known function.
11- Comparison of embryonic development is known as _______________________.
12- Observing similarities in cell structures is known as ________________________________.
13- Similarities involving proteins, enzymes and nucleic acids are known as __________________.
14- Biologists who came up the use and disuse theory ________________________________.
15- ________________________ structure decreases in mass with disuse.
16- ________________________ structure increases in mass with use.
17- ________________ _______________disproved Lamarck’s theory of use and disuse.
18- Charles Darwin’s theory is known as _________________ ________________________.
19- Darwin served as a geologist, botanist, zoologist, and general man of science aboard
_________________ from 1831-1836.
20- _________________________ organisms produce more offspring than can possibly survive.
21- ___________ ______________ ____________ there are only limited resources available.
22- _________________ ____________________ those organisms with advantages in a given
environment are most likely to survive and reproduce.
23- _____________________ offspring tend to be different from their parents and each other.
24- ______________________ after many generations are involved in natural selection.
25- ______________________ organisms who can mate and produce fertile offspring.
26- __________________ _________________ a population is divided by a natural barrier.
27- _______________________ small, gradual changes which are detectable within a few
generations.
28- ___________________ __________________changes in the colors of a population as a
result of human industrial activity.
29- ____________________________ long term changes that make a new species.
30- ___________________________ evolution different groups evolve from one ancestor.
31- ___________________________ evolution two or more different groups evolve so that they
resemble one another strongly.
32- ___________________________ radiation organisms spread into new environments and
become adapted through natural selection.
33- ___________________________ a change that increases an organism’s chance of survival.
34- ________________________ and __________________________ are adaptations some
animals use as protection from predators.
35- Life on Earth began about ____________ billion years ago.
36- The early Earth atmosphere contained mostly ______________________________, water,
ammonia, and __________________________.
37- _______________________ hypothesis suggest the first organisms were anaerobic.
38- Organisms that do not need oxygen to carry out respiration are called __________________.
39- ________________________organisms that can make its own food from simple substances .
40- __________________________ organisms unable to make its own food.
41- ___________________________ evolution occurs slowly and continuously over time.
42- ____________________ ______________________ evolution can occur quickly.
_____43- The cross section below shows fossils and the rock layers in which they are found. Crustal
movement has not displaced the rock layers.
Which fossil is considered the oldest in the cross
section shown?
(1) armored fish
(3) early horses
(2) dinosaurs
(4) trilobites
_____ 44) Evidence that living things have evolved over hundreds of millions of years can be found
in (1) particles in the air (2) rocks containing fossils (3) tree rings from logged trees
_____ 45) A rock that contains fossil seashells was most likely formed as a result of
(1) volcanic activity (2 )sedimentation
(3 )heat and pressure (4)magma cooling
Preserved in Amber
Sap is a substance secreted by some trees. Many years ago, plants and small animals
were caught in the sap on the trees. Sap hardens and turns into a clear substance called
amber. The plants or animals are preserved as fossils in the amber. Part of a plant preserved
in amber is shown below.
46) Explain why fossils are important to scientists.
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47) Explain why plant fossils found in amber, such as the one shown, are not usually found in
volcanic rocks.
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48) The diagram below shows two different-colored moths resting on a tree trunk. How does this
difference in pattern and color affect the moths’ ability to survive in the environment?
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_____ 49) The cross section below shows sedimentary rock layers containing fossils.
Assuming that these rock layers have not been overturned, which fossil is in the layer that was
formed most recently?