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Gel Electrophoresis
Genetic Engineering
Restriction Enzymes – Enzymes that cut DNA
Enzymes that cut DNA sequences at specific regions
• Hundreds are known
• Each one recognizes a specific sequence of nucleotides
Gel Electrophoresis – A process that separates DNA
•DNA fragments are placed at one end of a porous gel, and an electric
voltage is applied to the gel.
•When the power is turned on, the negatively-charged DNA molecules move
toward the positive end of the gel.
•Smaller fragments travel further.
•Gel electrophoresis can be used to compare the genomes of different
organisms or different individuals.
Electrophoresis separates molecules by
CHARGE and SIZE
Electrophoresis means “to carry with electricity”
Molecular
sieve
Electricity