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AIR POLLUTION
Japhet Tuazon
Anton Domingo
Jirah Coronado
Jomar Dalaguit
Stephanie Delfin
Ian Manlapaz
WHAT IS AIR POLLUTION?
 when wastes dirty the air
 can be in the form of gases and particulates
 caused by either artificial or natural pollutants
What is air pollution?
Effects of Air Pollution
Health
Agriculture
Smog and acid rain
Climate changes
www.wwf.it/summit/photogallery.asp?P=4
What is air pollution?
Major air pollutants
 Carbon monoxide (CO) - produced by the incomplete
burning of carbon-based fuels
 Carbon dioxide (CO2) - emitted as a result of human
activities
 Chloroflorocarbons (CFC) - gases that are released
mainly from air-conditioning systems and refrigeration
 Lead - present in petrol, diesel, lead batteries, paints,
hair dye products, etc.
 Ozone - naturally in the upper layers of the atmosphere
 Nitrogen oxide (Nox) - produced from burning fuels
 Sulphur dioxide (SO2) - produced from burning coal,
mainly in thermal power plants
carbon monoxide
transportation - 66.3%
fuel combustion - 11.7%
industrial processes 7.6%
solid waste disposal 2.8%
miscellaneous - 11.6%
nitrogen oxides
transportation - 43.0%
fuel combustion - 53.0%
industrial processes 3.0%
solid waste disposal 0.5%
miscellaneous - 0.5%
Particulates
transportation - 20.0%
fuel combustion - 25.7%
industrial processes 35.7%
solid waste disposal 4.3%
miscellaneous - 14.3%
Sulphur Oxides
transportation - 4.4%
fuel combustion - 80.4%
industrial processes 15.2%
How do we regulate air pollution?
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if possible take your bicycle if you are going out
use public forms of transport
reduce the use of aerosols in the household
Do not burn leaves in your garden, put them in a compost pit.
pollution check for your family car is done at regular intervals
Cars should, as far as possible, be fitted with catalytic converters.
Use only unleaded petrol.
How do we regulate air pollution? (part2)
 Adjusting the engine to cause more efficient combustion and reduce
CO and HC increases NO
 Alternate fuels, including natural gas, liquefied natural gas and
propane
 Alternate types of engines, including steam, electric, and gas turbine
 Methods are being developed for removing sulfur from coal and oil
 Controlling particulates from stack gases and waste air stream
 Fly ash from electric power generating plants
So let us strive to keep our air clean
Sources of Air Pollution
 combustion of gasoline and other
hydrocarbon fuels in automobiles, trucks, and
jet airplanes produces several primary
pollutants:
nitrogen oxides
gaseous hydrocarbons
carbon monoxide
large quantities of particulates
lead
 nitrogen oxides combine with hydrocarbons to
form a secondary class of pollutants, the
photochemical oxidants
 nitrogen oxides also react with oxygen in the air
to form nitrogen dioxide, a foul-smelling brown
gas.
 in urban areas where transportation is the main
cause of air pollution, nitrogen dioxide tints the
air, blending with other contaminants and the
atmospheric water vapor to produce brown
smog
 burning of fossil fuels (oil and coal) in generating
stations, factories, office buildings, and homes
and by the incineration of garbage
 massive combustion produces tons of ash, soot,
and other particulates responsible for the smog,
along with enormous quantities of sulfur oxides
(which also may be result from burning coal and
oil)
 these oxides rust iron, damage building stone,
decompose nylon, tarnish silver, and kill plants
 petroleum refineries -extensive hydrocarbon and particulate
pollution
 particulates- iron and steel mills, metal smelters, pulp and
paper mills, chemical plants, cement and asphalt
 uninsulated high-voltage power lines ionize the adjacent air,
forming ozone and other hazardous pollutants
 airborne pollutants
insecticides,
herbicides,
radioactive fallout
dust from fertilizers, mining operations, and livestock
feedlots
REFERENCES
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www.wwf.it/summit/photogallery.asp?P=4
http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/air/air.htm
World Book Encyclopedia
Microsoft Encarta 2004
http://www.loganleigh.com.au/graphics/aerosol.gif
http://www.usafe.af.mil/direct/se/AirScoop/AS-99-0910/Graphics/Leaves.jpg
http://www.greentrust.org/2000/biofuel/babington/SA_STEAM_ENGINE_FLYWHEEL_IN_CENTER_REAR_QT
R_050202_small.jpg
http://www.bartleby.com/65/ai/airpollu.html