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Unit 2
Tunes,Melodies and
Texture
Melody
• What is a Melody?
• A musical line, with direction, shape, and
structure
• The main part in the music that we listen
to
Harmony
• More than 2 notes played at the same time
• Most times played as chords, both major
and minor
• Used to support the melody
Texture
Monophonic: Single melody line only
– ( Ex. Kyrie Trope/Chant)
Homophonic: Melody supported by
harmonies
Polyphonic: Many melodies played together
all related, best know as rounds, canons,and
fugues
Form
• Through composed, one
melody only
• Form is set of guidelines
that composers use to
create music. A basic set
of rules
• Binary form, or two parts
A-B or chorus/verse
• Ternary form A-B-A
• Compund Binary
• Coumpound Ternary
Terms
• Introduction, short part at the beginning of
the song, not part of the form
• Bridge, A transition section, often times
changes keys
Coda, added ending
Dymanics
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The relative volume of the music
Loud vs.Soft
Forte =Loud
Piano =Soft
• Crescendo= gradually grow louder
• Decrescendo= gradually grow softer
The Beatles
The Beatles
Yesterday
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Sound Source: Men’s voice,guitar and strings
Concept: Ballad, Love Song ,sense of loss
Behavior: Listening & reflecting
Form: AABA coda, ternary
Texture Homophonic
Yemon Beni
• Sound Source: Male Voice, primative string
instrument,drums,& finger cymbals
• Concept: Indian folk song, telling of a story
• Behavior: Street Begging, Enterainment
• Form: AB, binary, verse refrain
Franz Schubert
Franz Schubert
1797-1828
• Best known for his 600 songs/lieders and his
Seven Symphonies
Mostly unknown during his brief life, His music
and he only became famous after his death at
the age of 31
1 of 14 children and only 5 survived past age 1
His early musical training was with his father, a
teacher and school headmaster
Who Is Sylvia
• Sound Source: male voice & piano
• Concept: Expression of Love
• Behavior: Impress girlfriend, parlor music &
listening
• Form: Through Composed,one part
• Texture: Homophonic
Who Is Sylvia
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Who is Sylvia,what is she
That all our swains commend her?
Holy, fair,and wise is she;
The heavens such grace did lend her
That she might admired
Who Is Sylvia
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Is she kind as she is fair?
Love doth to her eyes repair
To help him of his blindness
And, being helped inhabitits there.
Who Is Sylvia
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Then to Sylvia let us sing
That Sylvia is excelling;
She excels each mortal thing
Upon the dull earthdwelling;
Sumer Is Icumen In
“ Summer is Coming In”
• Dating for 1240
• One of the first known secular songs
• Secular means not church music
• Four part round with two added voices
Sumer Is Icumen In
“ Summer is Coming In”
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Sound Source: male voices
Concept: Celebrating the arrival of summer
Behavior: Rejoining the arrival of Summer
Form: Through Composed,one part
Texture: Polyphonic
Prelude and Fugue BWV 847
in C minor
• Sound Source: Harpsichord and Moog synthesizer
• Concept: constant harmonic motion, introducing
various melodic phrases, showing off
• Behavior: Movement & excitment
• Form: prelude Through Composed,one part
homophonic
• Texture: Fugue, Polyphonic Though Composed
J.S. Bach
J.S. Bach
1685-1750
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German Composer & Musician
Born into a musical family
Youngest of 8 children
First taught by his father
Both his parent’s died when he was 10
Lived with his old brother
Enrolled in a famous music school @ 15
A two week walk from home
J.S. Bach
• Develop his musical skills at this time both as a
composer and organist/musician
• Married 1st wife in 1707 she died in 1720
• Married second wife in 1721, she was 16 years
younger than Bach
• Poor health in has last few years
• Died in 1750 after two failed eye operations
Moog
1934-2005
Moog Syntheizer
Moog
• Inventor of the Moog Synthesizer
• Had degrees in electrical engineering
• Founded two companies the developed and
sold synthesizers and related instruments
Billy Joel
1949• Born Levittown New York
The Longest Time
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Sound Source: Men’s voices
Concept: Ballad, Love Song ,sense of loss
Behavior: Listening & reflecting
Form: BAABAC/bridgeAC/bridge AB
Texture Homophonic