Download 4. Mix of Production Inputs Used In Major Cropping Systems

AFRICAN COMMISSION ON AGRICULTURAL
STATISTICS
Twentieth Session
Algiers, Algeria, 10-13 December 2007
AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL
STATISTICS TO SUPPORT THE
EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT
POLICIES AND STRATEGIC
INVESTMENT OPTIONS IN ZAMBIA
Lay out of Presentation
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Introduction
Major Cropping Systems
Availability of Sub-National Statistics
Mix of Production Inputs Used In Major
Cropping Systems
Type and Costs of farm inputs
Factors that Influence choice of Crops
grown
Source Institutions for Data
Relevant Surveys
Type of Data Collected
Conclusion
1. Introduction
• Liberalisation started in 1991
• Target of liberalisation at Farm level - agric input
and output marketing
• Need for reliable farm level planning
• Focus of farmer on Agric production and
marketing
• Farmer has to Identify objectives, available
resources
• Capacity to prod needed quantities
• Need to assess input and output markets
Introduction Cntd
• Assess means of production
• At macro level, Informed decision making
 budgetary allocations,
 tax rates,
 subsidies,
 incentive packages,
 prioritization and
 various regulatory measures for effective agric devpnt
policies & strategic investment options
• Need for relevant and accurate data To inform
evaluation exercise
2.
Major Cropping Systems
 Smallholder Cropping System
• Characteristic, growing between 0-5
Ha.
• Contbt 65 % to 70 % of maize
production
• 100 % of millet, sorghum, sweet
potatoes, rice, groundnuts, mixed
beans, bambara nuts pumpkins.
• Also grow paprika and water melons
2.1 Commercial Cropping System
• Farmers cultivating more than 20 hectares
• Raising exotic species of livestock and/or
poultry
• Produce 30 to 35 % of national maize
production
• Exported horticultural and floriculture
products
2.3 Rainfed Cropping System
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November to March
All the maize grown for grain
All crops grown by smallholder sector
Output varies with state of the season
Erratic/Fluctuations in output levels
2.4 Irrigated Cropping Patterns
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National Water Policy of 1994
promotion of community and private
sector participation
• large agribusiness estates;
• individual commercial farms;
• contract grower groups;
• outgrower agricultural groups;
• associations of smallholders.
Irrigated Cropping Patterns Cntd
• Total area of 752,612 sq. km (75 million
Ha)
• irrigation potential estimated at 500,000
hectares, only 40,000 Ha (8%) currently
irrigated
• More than 58% (42 million Ha) suitable for
agricultural production
• Only 14 to 16 percent of arable land is
cultivated
• 20.2% contribution to GDP in 2006
Irrigated Cropping Patterns Cntd
Irrigation Schemes by Size
Total area of small irrigation schemes-
111,525
Total area of medium irrigation schemes - 7,372
Total area of large irrigation schemes37,015
2.5 Tillage Systems
• Hand hoeing
• Ploughing (ox-drawn)
• Mechanical tillage (tractor power), applied
by large scale commercial farmers
• Conservation farming encompassing,
potholing, ridging across slopes. and
ripping
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Availability of Sub-National Statistics
Nine provinces
72 Districts
Area planted to crop
Area harvested
Production quantities
Yield per hectare
Marketed produce (quantity expected to
be sold for all reported crops)
4.
Mix of Production Inputs Used In
Major Cropping Systems
• commercial cropping system
Improved seed (hybrid),
 Inorganic fertilizers,
 Supplementary water ( modern sophisticated
irrigation methods),
 Agrochemicals,
 Labour, and
Trained management
Mix of Production Inputs Used In Major
Cropping Systems Cntd.
• smallholder cropping system
Recycled local seed and hybrid seed
Nutrients (organic and inorganic fertilizer),
Supplementary water (simple irrigation
methods),
Labour.
5.
Type and Costs of farm inputs
• Data on types of inputs used,
• Quantities and costs
• These will offer guidance in the choice
of investment options at the farm level
• Type and costs of farm inputs are
determined by the type of crops grown
6.
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IV.
Factors that Influence choice of
Crops grown
Rainfall
Type of soil at the disposal of the farmer
Availability of irrigation facilities
Gross margin budgeting,
• Variable Costs
• Fixed Costs
• Fixed Costs
6.1 Gross Margin
• Enterprise total income less variable costs
• A positive Gross Margin is indicative of
potential profit
• Basis for investment plan for the future
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Source Institutions for Data
Central Statistical Office (CSO)
Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives
Zambia National Farmers’ Union
Department of Meteorology (DOM)
National Food and Nutrition Commission (NFNC) under
the Ministry of Health
Millers Association of Zambia (MAS)
Parastatal and Private companies such as Zamseed,
Food Reserve Agency, Sasol, Kynock and Omnia
NGOs such as Programme Against Malnutrition, Oxfarm,
CARE, World Vision
International Agencies such as FAO, WFP, UNICEF and
FEWSNet.
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Relevant Surveys
Housing and Population Census
Crop Forecast Survey (CFS)
Post Harvest Survey (PHS)
Living Conditions Monitoring Survey (LCMS),
done bi-annually
Food Health And Nutrition Survey
(FHANIS),Expected to be done quarterly.
Vulnerability Assessments
9.
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Type of Data Collected
Crop conditions;
Area planted;
Area harvested
Quantities, varieties and prices of inputs
distributed, sold and utilized; (seed, fertilizer,
lime)
Crop production estimates;
Yield per hectare;
Grain stocks and prices;
Amounts of food aid distributed;
Planned imports and exports of inputs and grain;
Type of Data Collected Cntd.
• Weather forecasts;
• Availability and disbursement of
loans/credit;
• Crop husbandry practices;
• Performance of extension services;
• Farm and off-farm incomes;
• Farm assets; and
• Livestock and fisheries statistics.
10 Conclusion
• need for harmonization of similar data
• surveys versus administrative records
• More capacity needs to be invested in data
cleaning and analysis
• ensure comprehensive and complete analysis of all survey
questions
• Relevant data is available & can be analysed by
cropping system to guide policy evaluation and
strategic investment decisions
END OF PRESENTATION
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
MERCI BEAUCOUP
ASANTE SANA
SHOUKRAN