Download 1 - APES have more fun

Two test tubes were filled with a solution of bromthymol
blue. A student exhaled through a straw into each tube,
and the bromthymol blue turned yellow. An aquatic plant
was placed into each tube, and the tubes were corked.
One tube was placed in the dark, and one was placed in
direct sunlight. The yellow solution in the tube in sunlight
turned blue, while the one in the dark remained yellow.
Which statement best explains why the solution in the
tube placed in sunlight returned to a blue color?
a. Oxygen was used in photosynthesis.
b. Oxygen was removed by respiration.
c. Carbon dioxide was removed by photosynthesis.
d. Carbon dioxide was produced by respiration.
Biology students studied the effect of temperature on the production of
carbon dioxide by yeast cells.
• IDENTIFY IV AND DV
• WHAT TYPE OF GRAPH
• LABEL AXIS?
• CONTROL GROUP(S)
• EXPERIMENTAL GROUP(S)
• CONSTANTS
Biology students studied the effect of temperature on the production of
carbon dioxide by yeast cells. A diagram of their experiment is shown.
They counted the number of carbon dioxide bubbles produced by the
yeast at different temperatures. A graph of their results is shown.
According to the data above, which of these is the best conclusion that
can be made from this experiment?
a. CO2 production is not influenced by temperature
b. Yeast cells produce more CO2 at lower temperatures
c. The higher the temperature, the greater the production of CO2
d. CO2 production first increases then decreases as temperature rises
IV? DV? HYPOTHESIS?
Best Conclusion is
a. ATP production is independent
of sugar availability
b. The amount of cellular
respiration is constant in muscle
cells
c. ATP is only produced when
sugar concentration is above 4
g/L
d. Cellular respiration increases
as sugar concentration
increases.
It was observed that in one cove the bass caught were
of an unusually small mass. An electric generating plant
releases hot water into the cove. Students measured
the oxygen levels in the cove at the hot water release
point, and every 100 yards along the stream of hot
water until it reached the main part of the lake.
Which of these hypotheses had the students most likely
formed before taking their measurements?
a. The electric generating plant releases hot water into
the cove.
b. The small mass of the fish is caused by lack of
oxygen in the water.
c. The fish in the cove do not have enough food.
d. The small mass of the fish is caused by plants
clogging the cove.
IV? DV? Axis on graphs
• It was observed that in one cove the bass
caught were of an unusually small mass. An
electric generating plant releases hot water
into the cove. Students measured the oxygen
levels in the cove at the hot water release
point, and every 100 yards along the stream of
hot water until it reached the main part of the
lake.
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IV, DV, hypothesis, constants
When the bacterium Serratia marcescens is grown on
o
a sterile medium in a perti dish at 30 C, the bacterial
colonies are cream colored. When the same bacterium is
cultured under identical conditions, except at a
temperature of 25 oC, the colonies are brick red. This
difference in color is most likely due to the
a. types of nutrients in the culture medium
b. sterilization of the culture medium
c. effect of temperature on the expression of
the gene for color
d. effect of colony size on the synthesis of
color pigments
Data shows that normally about 1% of the
frogs are deformed, but in ponds where
pesticides are used on surrounding land, as
many as 69% of the frogs were deformed.
• HYPOTHESIS, IV, DV, CONTROL GROUP(S),
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP(S)
A developmental biologist, questions
whether a chemical could be the culprit
because there were no deformed fish or
other deformed animals found in the ponds
where deformed frogs were captured. He
believes parasites are the cause. When
examining a three-legged frog from Vermont,
the biologist found tiny parasitic flatworms
packed into the joint where a leg was
missing.
• WHAT’S WRONG WITH THIS EXPERIMENT?
• A biologist in a laboratory reports a new
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discovery based on experimental results. If
the experimental results are valid, biologists
in other laboratories should be able to
a. repeat the experiment with a different
variable and obtain the same results
b. perform the same experiment and obtain
different results
c. perform the same experiment and obtain
the same results
d. perform the same experiment under
different experimental conditions and
IV, DV, hypothesis
IV, DV, hypothesis
HYPOTHESIS, IV, DV
• Officials in Maryland have used the presence
of lesions on fish as a reason for closing
coastal waterways to fishing and all other
water activities. They thought that the lesions
on the dead fish were caused by a type of
microscopic algae known as Pfiesteria. The
toxins produced by Pfiesteria are believed to
cause headaches, fatigue, and short-term
memory loss in humans who come into
contact with contaminated waterways.
IV, DV, HYPOTHESIS, CONSTANTS,
CONCLUSION
WHAT’S WRONG WITH GRAPH?
• A student wants to view cells under a
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compound microscope at a total
magnification of 400X. If the eyepiece is
10X, which of the following objective
lenses should be used?
a. 4X
b. 10X
c. 40X
d. 100X
IV, UNITS OF DV, HYPOTHESIS
The hypothesis best
supported by this graph is
that these beetles are
most active when the
area is
• WHAT INFERENCE MIGHT YOU MAKE?
The data table shows the
growth of two bean
plants over several
weeks using four
different fertilizers. The
a. a fifth fertilizer was
experimental data would
tested
be
more
valid
if
which
of
b. only one plant was
the following variables
tested
c. the plants were grown was included in the
at variable temperatures experiment?
d. a control without
fertilizer was included for
each plant
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Which sentence below best states the
importance of using control groups in
experiments?
a. Control groups allow comparison between
subjects receiving a treatment and those
receiving no treatment.
b. Control groups eliminate the need for large
sample sizes, reducing the number of
measurements needed.
c. Control groups eliminate the need for statistical
tests and simplify calculations.
d. Control groups provide a method by which
Which hypothesis is
best supported by
observation of this
animal?
O a. This animal spends much of its time
digging.
O b. This animal usually hunts for food at
night.
O c. This animal is a good swimmer.
O d. This animal has poor hearing.
• IV, DV, HYPOTHESIS, CONCLUSION,
CONSTANTS, AXIS OF GRAPH
• IDENTIFY ALL HYPO-, HYPER-, AND
ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS. IDENTIFY EACH
PROBABLE CHANGE IN CELL SIZE.
EXPLAIN
• The most valid and reliable test of this
hypothesis would include an
experimental group of pine seeds
recovered from a fire area and a group of
pine seeds that were
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a. germinated after a fire
b. tolerant of fire
c. found before a fire
d. placed in a fire
Jan consistently read the
volume of liquids as shown.
How would this practice impact
her work?
a. Her measurements
would lack precision.
What is being
b. Her measurements
measured?
would
be
too
high.
What tool is being
c. Her measurements
used?
What unit is most would be too low.
likely being used? d. Her measurements
would be very accurate.
Carmen conducted an experiment to
determine if listening to different types of
music would affect a person's pulse
• DV, IV, EXPERIMENTAL GROUP(S),
CONTROL GROUP(S), CONSTANTS
• Cells are the functional units that make
up tissues. Tissues then become the
functional units that make up
•O
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•O
a. enzymes
b. organs
c. other cells
d. DNA
IV, DV, CONSTANTS, EXPERIMENTAL
GROUP(S), CONTROL GROUP(S),
HYPOTHESIS, AXIS OF GRAPH
• Hody performed an experiment on four
equal-sized tomato plants. She placed
each tomato plant in a separate
container. Jody gave each plant the
same amount of light and nutrients,
different amounts of water, and
frequently measured the amount of
oxygen produced by each tomato plant.
DV, IV, HYPOTHESIS, CONTROL
GROUP(S), CONSTANTS, EXPERIMENTAL
GROUP(S)
A biologist is studying a species of crab. He hypothesized
that if a crab has larger pincer claws, then it will have greater
reproductive success. He placed 50 crabs with small pincers
and 50 crabs with large pincers together in an isolated area
that closely resembled their natural environment. He
observed several generations of the crabs over the next ten
years.
• If hypothesis is supported, what did he
observe?
• DV,
IV
A scientist performed an experiment to
determine the best level of light intensity for
photosynthesis in an aquatic plant. He varied
the light intensity and measured the amount
of a gas produced by the plant at each level
of light intensity.
• CONSTANTS, CONTROL GROUP(S),
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP(S), IV, DV,
HYPOTHESIS, LABEL GRAPH AXIS