Download Chapter 28-1 and 28-2 JFK The New Frontier

JFK & The New Frontier
Mr.King
Central Cabarrus HS
The Election of 1960
• US losing the Cold War?
1. Economy in recession
2. Soviet – Sputnik I (1957)
3. U-2 Incident
The Election of 1960
• JFK vs. Richard Nixon
1. JFK: Inexperienced/Catholic
2. TV Debate – Kennedy look
better (Nixon looked nervous)
3. Stance on Civil Rights helps him
with the African American
community
You Tube: Inauguration
Speech
Text of Inaugural
Address
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of
defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this
responsibility I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with
any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we
bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve I and the glow from that
fire can truly light the world. And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country
can do for you ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world:
ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of
man.
The Camelot Years
• Kennedy Mystique
1. Best & Brightest Cabinet
2. Wife: Jackie Son: John
Daughter: Caroline
3. Brother: Robert (35) Attorney
General
4. Admiration of whole nation
JFK Jr.
Jackie Kennedy
A New Military Policy
• Flexible Response
1. Kennedy’s hardline stance on the
Soviet Union
2. Prepare for all
types of conflict, not
just nukes!
3. Created Special
Forces
4. Tripled nuclear
capability
5.Result: Increased
defense spending
Crisis in Cuba
• 1959 – Fidel Castro
1. Declares himself dictator of Cuba
2. Soviet Union provides aid to
Cuba
3. US cuts off all relations
4. Cubans see Castro as a tyrant
- 10% exile in the United States
5. CIA trains exiles for invasion of
Cuba
6. Cuban rebels land at Bay of Pigs
but U.S. air support never showed up
7. Huge embarrassment for U.S.
8. Kennedy pays ransom of $53 million for
surviving commandos
Crisis in Cuba
The Cuban Missile Crisis
• October 14-28, 1962
1. US spy planes photographed missiles in
Cuba
2. Oct 22: JFK tells world of missiles in Cuba
and U.S. will “quarantine” Cuba to make
sure NO other ships get in
The Cuban Missile Crisis
3. U.S. troops were ready to invade Cuba
4. Soviet ships suddenly stop to avoid
confrontation.
5. Sec. of State Dean Rusk: “We are
eyeball to eyeball and the other fellow just
blinked”
6. October 22: Khrushchev removes missiles
The Berlin Wall
• August 13,
1961
1. East Berliners
fleeing to West
Berlin
2. Khrushchev asks
JFK if he can
close access to
West Berlin –
JFK refuses
3. Wall built to
block entry into
East & West
Berlin
4. Wall becomes
ugly symbol of
Communist
oppression
Easing Tensions
• Kennedy tones down hard-line stance
1. 1963: Hotline established between White
House and Kremlin
2. Limited Test Ban Treaty
- bars nuclear testing in atmosphere
The Promise of Progress
• New Frontier
1. Kennedy’s domestic policy
2. Increase aid to education
(science/space)
3. Health insurance to the elderly
4. Battle prejudice & poverty
5. Help migrant workers
• JFK could not get New Frontier passed
1. Southern Democrats in Congress did
not agree with JFK stance on Civil Rights
2. JFK lacked a mandate
- clear indication voters approved
Stimulating the Economy
• Deficit Spending (Same as FDRNew Deal)
1. 20% budget increase in DOD
(Department of Defense)
2. Minimum Wage: $1.25
3. Unemployment Insurance
- Assistance to cities w/ high
unemployment
Addressing Poverty
• Kennedy created the Peace Corps
1. Assistance to developing nations of Asia,
Africa, and Latin America
- critics called it “Kennedy’s Kiddie Korps”
2. By 1968: 35,000 served in 60 nations
3. Alliance for Progress: economic help to
Latin America
- By 1969: $12 billion invested
Race to the Moon
1. April 12, 1961: Yuri Gagarin– 1st to
space
2. 1st American: Allan Sheppard
3. NASA: Cape Canaveral (Fl.) – Houston
(TX)
4. Feb. 20, 1962: John Glenn – orbited
earth 3 times
5. July 20, 1969: Neil Armstrong – moon
6. Result of space program – better
education
and
technology
Tragedy in Dallas
1. Nov. 22, 1963
2. Texas School Book Depository
3. JFK shot in the head
- Lee Harvey Oswald
4. Nov. 24: Oswald shot by Jack Ruby
5. Warren Commission concluded Oswald
was acting on his own
6. 1979: Oswald was part of conspiracy