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6.2.1
Large-scale parallelism
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12级商英本三班
李小林
熊莎
章魁华
周燕
吴俏俏
陈玲军
Parallelism
• Definition : The exact repetition in
equivalent position . It differs simple
repetition in that the identity does not
extend to absolute duplication .
(Leech,1969:66)
• Types : large-scale parallelism
small-scale parallelism
Large-scale parallelism
Definition : The kind which consists of more
than two juxtaposed (并列 ) units.
My Heart Leaps up
William Wordsworth
My heart leaps up when I behold
A rainbow in the sky,
So was it when my life began;
So is it now I am a man;
So be it when I shall grow old,
Or let me die!
The child is father of the man; (paradox)
And I could wish my days to be
Bound each to each by natural piety.
• Explain:
• In this poem, the poet has successfully expressed his
great reverence for nature which goes beyond the
bounds of the past, present, future. The theme is brought
out chiefly by the parallelism which exists in lines 3,4, 5.
• Firstly, the sameness of structure implies the sameness
in meaning. This shows that the speaker hopes that his
response to seeing a rain bow remains the same
throughout the life.
• Secondly and more importantly, the emotional feeling
expressed gets stronger after each juxtaposed unit,
reaching its climax in the final parallel unit.
Large-scale parallelism in only one line.
I came, I saw, I conquered.
( Julius Caesar)
Veni , Vidi , Vici. (Latin）
我所到之处，我所见之事，我所向披靡。
• Julius Caesar:(13 July 100 BC[2] – 15 March 44 BC[3]),
was a Roman military and political leader. He played a
critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic
into the Roman Empire. As a politician, Caesar made
use of various tactics. He died in the age of 58.
• Explain:
• Firstly, the three clauses are short in length and simple in
structure and arranged in chronological order. This
generates a feeling that the acts of coming, seeing , and
conquering were completed one after another in quick
succession.
• Secondly, the three have the same structure, they form
a parallelism. The structural equation of the three clause
suggests an equation of meaning.
• Caesar’s statement thus implies that form him the
conquering was as easy as coming and seeing. This
then exhibits Caesar’s majestic arrogance.
Large-scale parallelism in fictional prose.
• He stood behind his desk in the far end of the dim room.
The wife liked him. She liked the deadly serious way he
received any complaints. She liked his dignity. She liked
the way he wanted to serve her. She liked the way he
felt about being a hotel-keeper. She liked his old, heavy
face and big hands. (Hemingway, cat in the rain)
• Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961),
Main works: The Sun Also Rises
, A Farewell to Arms , For
Whom the Bell Tolls, The Old Man and the Sea
• Explain:
• Sentence pattern : subject + verb + object
• The piling up of the parallel sentence
emphasizes the point that she liked the hotelkeeper in many ways.
• The point that the wife liked about the hotelkeeper are just what was lacking in her husband.
Question:
What seems to be the chief function of
large-scale parallelism?