Download Female Reproductive System

Female
Reproductive
System
Please take notes!!
VOCABULARY
Puberty – the bodies physiological and anatomical
changes
Pituitary Gland – gland in the brain that stimulates all
the physiological changes in the body
Growth Spurt – Occurs during puberty
Estrogen – female sex hormone
What is the male sex hormone called?????
Menstrual Cycle
- the process when the egg matures and releases
- uterus prepares to receive it
- an average of 28 days
The Menstrual Cycle
VOCABULARY CONT’D
Urethra – the tube that passes from the bladder to the outside of the
body
Ovaries – reproductive gland that stores egg
Ovum – 1 egg or Ova more than 1 egg
Ovulation – the release of one or more eggs from the ovary
Fallopian Tubes – two narrow tubes in which eggs pass from
ovaries to uterus
Fimbria- finger-like projections at each end of the Fallopian Tubes –
Grabs Ova
Fertilization – joining of the egg and sperm, conception
VOCABULARY CONT’D
Cervix – the narrow base or outer
end of the uterus
Dilates 10cm for delivery process
Uterus
- muscular organ in which a
fertilized egg grows and develops
- Inner lining called Endometrium
- contains fetus
Womb – uterus
Houses and protects the unborn
Menstruation
- the discharge of blood and
tissue from the uterus
- raises hormones and causes
mood change (PMS)
VOCABULARY CONT’D
Vagina – female repro organ
Purpose: 1. Children
2. Sex
3. Menstruation
Hymen – the membrane
covering vaginal opening
Vulva – consists of the inner
and outer labia and the
clitoris
Inner Labia – (labia minor)
protects reproductive
system
Outer Labia – (labia major)
protects Inner, repro & has
hair
Clitoris – sensory organ
provides sexual sensation
Mammary Glands – used for
baby to breast feed
CONCERNS
about the
Female Reproductive
System
Premenstrual Syndrome
(PMS)
What is it???
- a hormonal imbalance
Symptoms
– nervous tension, anxiety,
irritability, bloating, weight
gain, depression, mood
swings and fatigue
Treatments
- exercising
Dysmenorrhea
aka Menstrual Cramps
What is it???
- painful contractions in the
uterus during menstruation
Symptoms
- may be mild pain that last
several hours or severe pain
lasting for a day or two
- both are normal
Treatments
- Over the counter pain
reliever
- warm bath or heating pad
to relax
Severe or persistent cramps
may need medical attention
Amenorrhea
What is it???
- lack of menstruation by age of 16 OR stopping of
menstrual cycle (after 3 months) in a female who has
previously menstruated. SEE DOCTOR!!!
Can be a result of
- defects in female sex organs, diseases such as
diabetes, tumors and infections, over-exercising,
sudden weight gain/loss
Common causes
- excessive athletic activities, emotional distress, any
stress, eating disorders or starvation
Prevent It!!!
The best way to prevent amenorrhea is to maintain a healthy
lifestyle. Stay at a healthy weight, learn ways to cope with
stress and emotional problems, and get a pelvic exam and Pap
test once a year.
Examples of possible
Amenorrhea
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
What is it???
- disease in the vagina
that affects the immune
system
Symptoms
- high fever, vomiting,
diarrhea, dizziness,
and/or a rash resembling
sunburn
- can result in liver and
kidney damage
Treatments
- antibiotics
*Avoid super absorbent
tampons!!! They allow
for bacteria to grow and
easily produce toxins*
Vaginitis
What is it???
- vaginal infection that is very
common
=Most common-Yeast
Infection
Symptoms
- caused by fungus
- thick, white odorous
discharge and genital
itching
Treatment
- yeast killing cream or meds
placed inside the vagina
*Must see a doctor*
Sterility
What is it???
- blocking of fallopian tubes
- ova can not pass to uterus
- female does not ovulate
- menopause (usually over
50)
Can be caused by untreated
STI’s
ex: gonorrhea/chlamydia
Treatment
- surgery can sometimes
correct these conditions
Some women choose to be
sterile! What is it called???
--Tubal Ligation--
3 Types of Cancers
Breast Cancer
Cervical Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Breast Cancer
Most common
2nd leading cause of death for females
*2008: 182,640 women; 1900 men*
2/3 cases occur in women over 50
Risks:
A woman’s risk doubles if she has a first relative with breast
cancer (Mother, Sister, and/or Daughter)
Symptoms:
Change in breast or nipple appearance
Lump/swelling in breast (90% of lumps are detected by women
Detected: Mammogram (x-ray of the breasts)
Treatment: Most treatable and curable when detected early
Breast Self-Examination
Cervical Cancer
What is it?
Abnormal cells in the cervix and surrounding areas
Symptoms?
None
Detection?
Pap Smear – Done every year from age 18 or sooner if sexually
active
Risk Factors?
Being 20-30 yrs. old, never having a pap, having sex at an early
age, and/or having multiple sex partners
Treatment?
Remove all parts of cervix and surrounding areas.
Radiation or chemotherapy – drugs to kill cancer cells
Hysterectomy
*Will a woman with cervical
cancer be able to have
children?
Is Cervical Cancer related to HPV?
Human Papillomavirus
HPV is an STD
Shared amongst sex
partners unknowingly
May be infected for years
and never know
Pap Test finds abnormal
cells
Abnormal cells can be
treated before they turn
cancerous!!!
Ovarian Cancer -- 25,000/year
Two Types:
1. Occurs in the lining of the uterus
2. Occurs in the ovary
Symptoms:
Stomach discomfort, pelvic pressure and pain
Long Term Symptoms:
Deepened voice and unusual growth of hair, unexplained
weight loss and painful intercourse
****Unfortunately, by the time any symptoms are noticed,
the disease is quite advanced!!!
Risks:
Family history – 2 or more female family members