Download Foundations of Government

The South and West Transformed
EQ: What were the most important developments in the
South and West?
The Effects of the Civil War on Industrialization
• Expansion of Northern Industrialization and
Markets
• American factories mass-produced goods which
brought down prices.
• The West and South produced food and raw materials
and the North produced manufactured goods.
• wheat, corn, livestock, iron, timber, gold, silver, coal
• The US needed faster ways to ship and trade between
regions of the nation.
• Failure of Reconstruction
• African Americans in the South had rights on paper
but not in real life.
CSS 11.2.2
• 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments
Territorial Growth of the United States
• During this period the
US organized all of its
territory between the
Mississippi and the
Pacific
• this new territory was rich
in mineral resources,
timber, grazing, and
farming land
CSS 11.2.6
Homestead Act, 1862
• People could get 160 acres for $30
if they lived there for 5 years and
built a house.
• for $1.25 an acre ($200) they could
shorten their stay to 6 months
• a lot of the land was isolated and farmers
resorted to making sod homes because
there were no trees
• This helped fill in the middle of the
country
CSS 11.1.4
Homesteaders
Homesteaders
Attempted Assimilation of Native Americans
• Dawes Act, 1887
• Indian tribes were forced onto reservations
• the government tried to assimilate the
Indians into white society by giving them
property to farm
• Anyone willing to participate got 160 acres and if it they
lived on it 25 years they got ownership of the land and
U.S. citizenship
• Many Indians sold their land and ended up losing about
156 million acres (50% of their reservations)
• Indian children were taken from the
reservations and educated in white schools
• railroads paid for the annihilation of the
buffalo so the Indians would have no food
Reservation Land in the West
Carlysle Indian School
Annihilation of the Buffalo
the buffalo
population went
from 15 million
head of buffalo
just after the
Civil War in 1865
to under 2,000
buffalo by 1885
Attempted Assimilation of Native Americans
• Ghost Dance Movement
• a ceremony to communicate with the dead
to regain knowledge of a disappearing
culture
• the government banned it out of fear that it
would cause the Indians to rebel
• Wounded Knee, 1890
• the cavalry was ordered to take all of the
Sioux firearms
• when a deaf Indian refused to give up his
gun shooting began
• Over 300 Sioux died and
25 cavalry
CSS 11.1.4
Ghost Dance
Wounded Knee, 1890
Natural Resources and Industrialization
• America has all of the natural
resources needed to have strong
industry
• coal, timber, oil, iron
• The rivers and lakes make an
excellent natural transportation
network
• everything in the middle of the nation
CSS 11.2.6
drains into the Mississippi
River
Natural Resources and Industrialization
Importance of the Railroad
• Railroads made transportation faster, cheaper,
and more efficient
• the resources needed to build the
transcontinental railroad helped encourage
industry
• between 1865 and 1900 the US built over 150,000 miles of
railroad
• mining, lumber, steel mills, chemical plants
• Land Grants
• the state and federal government gave over
200 million acres to the railroad companies
• This cut the cost of building and the railroad
made a killing selling the extra land
Importance of the Railroad
• Union Pacific and Central
Pacific, 1869
• cheap (and disposable)
Irish and Chinese labor
finished the first
transcontinental railroad
in Utah
• Railroads became
incredibly rich and
powerful
• Time Zones
• Railroads created time
zones for efficiency
Cecil P.
Huntington
Leland
Stanford