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What is Biology?
Chapter 1
Characteristics of life outline
Biology:
Organisms:
1. Organization
cells -> ___ ___ ___
specialization
2. Reproduction
asexual
sexual
3. Growth
Development
4. Adjust
Stimulus/Response
Homeostasis
5. Adapt/Evolve
• Biology:
–study of life
• Organisms:
–living things
What determines life?
• 5 characteristics that
all living things must
have!
1. Organization:
• Made of cells!!
• Cells tissues
organs organ
systems
•
Single-cell organisms
have everything they need
to be self-sufficient.
In multicellular organisms,
specialization increases
until some cells do only
certain things.
2. Reproduction:
• must occur for a species to survive
Species
·Organisms that look alike and can mate among
themselves.
Same Species
Not Same Species
Reproduction can be:
--Asexual:
One parent makes
identical offspring.
• Sexual – two parents, offspring is hybrid of
those parents
3. Growth/ Development:
• Growth:
–Increase in
size
• Development:
–Changes from
embryo to
adult
4. Adjust to Surroundings:
• Stimulus:
triggers a
reaction
• Response: the
reaction to the
stimulus.
• Homeostasis:
– Regulate internal environment
– Ex. Sweating when hot, shivering when cold
5. Adapt/ Evolve:
• Adaptations are
traits giving an
organism an
advantage in a
certain external
environment. Ex.
Polar bears have
thick fur,
fish have gills
• Survival of the
fittest!
Locomotion (Movement):
• Not all organisms move (ex.
Sponge is an animal that is
sessile; mushroom is fungi that
does not move from place to
place.)