Download THE 13 ORIGINAL COLONIES

THE 13 ORIGINAL
COLONIES
1607-1732
VIRGINIA(JAMESTOWN)—
1607
• Jamestown was the 1st
permanent English colony
in America.
• It was founded by Sir
Walter Raleigh, an English
explorer.
• The colony was named
after King James and
Queen Elizabeth(the
Virgin Queen)
James Fort
Jamestown, continued . . .
• Jamestown was founded
because of the potential
for economic success.
The colonists came
because of gold and
adventure.
• John Smith became the
leader of Jamestown and
helped the colony to
prosper.
John Smith
Jamestown, continued . . .
• Most of the people in Jamestown were English along with
indentured servants and slaves from Africa.
• The climate in Virginia was mild winters and hot, humid
summers. The rain and fertile soil made the colony an
excellent place to farm.
• The main crop was tobacco.
• The Church of England was the official religion in
Virginia.
• The House of Burgesses was the first elected government
body in America. It had 22 members.
Massachusetts(1620, 1630)
• Plymouth was founded by John
Carver in 1620 for religious
freedom.
• The Pilgrims arrived on the
Mayflower at Plymouth Rock.
• Plymouth was made up mostly
of English settlers and Native
Americans.
• The Massachusetts Bay colony
was founded in 1630 by the
Puritans under the leadership of
John Winthrop.
TheMayflower
Massachusetts, continued . . .
• The climate in
Massachusetts was bitter,
cold winters and warm
and humid in the summer.
• Massachusetts was a New
England colony. The
economy was based
mainly on local trade, fur
trading, timber for lumber,
and small scale farming
such as raising corn.
Massachusetts, continued . . .
• The religion in Massachusetts
was based on the “purity and
conscience of liberty of
worship. There was no
tolerance for religions other
than the Christian religion.
• When the Pilgrims landed they
drafted the Mayflower Compact
to work for the good of the
colony. There was no
separation of church and state
in Massachusetts. Only men
who belonged to church could
vote
New Hampshire(1622)
• The founders of New
Hampshire were
Ferdinando Gorges
and John Mason.
• The colony was
founded for profit
from trade and fishing.
• The people were
mostly Scottish-Irish
immigrants.
New Hampshire, continued . . .
• The climate in New
Hampshire was cool with a
rocky climate.
• The economy was based
mainly on farming.
• The religion was the
Christian(Puritan) religion.
Settlers were forced to be
Puritan or be punished.
• The people governed their
land by fixing problems that
affected the whole colony.
New York(1624)
• The Colony of New York
was founded by Dutch
settlers.
• They set up trading post,
and exploited the area’s
rich natural resources.
• The colony was populated
by native American tribes.
Dutch settlers, English
Puritans, indentured
servants, and African
slaves.
Flag of New York
New York, continued . . .
• New York had hot, humid
summers,and bitterly cold
winters, with lots of wind
and snow.
• The terrain further north
were mountains, the soil
was good for planting
crops.
• The colonist made a
living, fur trapping,
lumber trading, shipping
and slave trade.
New York, continued . . .
• Among the most popular crops were corn, flax,
tobacco, wheat and vegetables
• Many faiths and Catholic colonies was situated
with the puritans of New England.
• The colony was ran by a governor appointed by
the King of England. Sometimes the colony was
able to gain more freedom, and have some selfgoverning.
Maryland(1632)
• The founder of
Maryland was Captain
John Smith.
• Religious and political
freedom.The colony
wanted, Catholicism
and religious
persecution.
Flag of Maryland
Maryland, continued . . .
• Many of the colonist
were Catholic, but
many were persecuted.
• Maryland had hot, and
humid summers, and
cold winters with
some snow.
Maryland, continued . . .
• The colonist supported themselves by farms
which they grew flax (to make cloth) grains,
such as ,corn, wheat, vegetables, tobacco,
and fruit trees.
• Most of the colonist were catholic. The
colonist had many religion and religious
freedoms.
Connecticut(1635)
• In 1614 a Dutch explorer
named Adrian Block founded
Connecticut. Many years
afterwards a man named
Thomas Hooker settled in
Connecticut. Connecticut was
founded because Puritans were
not allowed to follow their
puritan faith.
• The people of Connecticut were
mainly made up of Native
Americans, Europeans, and
Dutch.
Flag of Connecticut
Connecticut, continued . . .
• Common food that was raised
in the colony was corn,
pumpkins, beans, squash, and
apples. Many men hunted for
game and the women weaved
baskets.
• Since most of the colony was
made up of Puritans the
colonist followed the Puritan
religion.
• Connecticut had the world’s
first written constitution.This
was called “The Fundamental
Orders of Connecticut.
Thomas Hooker(Founder)
Rhode Island(1636)
• Roger Williams, a preacher,
founded the colony of
Massachusetts.
• The reasons founded was that
they came into conflict with the
leaders of Massachusetts who
were Puritans.
• A few aristocratic families who
settled in Rhode Island owned
large farms that were like
southern plantations.
Rhode Island, continued . . .
•
•
•
•
Roger Williams landing in Rhode Island
Early explorers noticed the areas as
red clay soil,the name of the colony
came from the Dutch name “Roodt
Eyelandt”, meaning “Red Island”.
Landowners of large farms were
cattle and dairy farmers. Most
colonists lived on farms that
produced enough for their families,
with little leftover trade.
Common crops were corn, beans,
squash, and tobacco.
The economy also included
shipbuilding and export of raw
materials to England in exchange
for manufactured goods.
Rhode Island, continued . . .
• Rhode Island was founded as a place for
religious freedom and was populated by
Quakers, Baptists, Anglicans, Puritans, and
Congregationalists.
• Rhode Island was ruled by a Governor, a
Deputy Governor, ten assistants to the
Governor, and a General Assembly elected
by the colonists in each of the towns.
Delaware(1638)
• Delaware was the 8th
permanent colony in
America.
• It was founded in 1638
by the Dutch settlers.
• Delaware’s governor
is William Penn, even
though they separated
The famous Delaware River
from Pennsylvania.
Delaware, continued . . .
• Most of Delaware’s population is Dutch or
Swedes.
• The majority of their religion is Roman
Catholic or Jew.
• Their economy grew with farming and
agriculture.
South Carolina(1663)
• The colony was founded
by 8 different lords.
• The eight lords were
given land by king
Charles as a gift to thank
them for their support.
• When the white men came
they brought over African
Americans
South Carolina, continued . . .
• The winters were
shorter and milder
than the English
winters. The summers
were nice, hot, and
very humid which
meant they had a long
growing season for the
garden.
• Settlers became sick with
malaria from mosquitoes
that bred there. The Native
Americans taught the
settlers how to make tea
to cure malaria.
• The economy was mostly
farming. They grew
cotton, tobacco, indigo
and rice.
South Carolina, continued . . .
The religion of South Carolina was
very unique for its religious liberty.
A philosopher said that a person
would not be judged by his or her
religion.
• The colony was ruled by a system
of laws written by John Locke at a
request from the Lord Proprietors.
It was called the Fundamental
Constitution of Carolina.
Eventually the colonists elected 5
representatives to serve with 5
agents representing the Lords on a
Council which was ruled by a
Parliament and the Lords
Proprietors.
North Carolina(1663)
• Like South Carolina,
North Carolina was
founded by 8
aristocrats.
• It was founded for
profit from trade and
selling land.
• The people were
mostly English.
North Carolina, continued . . .
• The climate in North
Carolina was hot, humid
summers and short, mild
winters.
• The economy was based
mainly on farming crops
such as tobacco.
• The religion was mostly
Protestant.
• The government included a
governor and a senator
chosen by the people.
New Jersey(1664)
• New Jersey was
founded in 1664. Its
founders were religious
and political freeman.
New Jersey was
founded by two Englishmen named John
Berkeley and George
Carteret. Another reason
for foundation is profit
for Duke of York
Flag of New Jersey
New Jersey, continued . . .
• Many Puritans had a policy
of religious freedom.
• The colony was made up
mostly of Dutch, Swedes,
and Germans.
• Their government was
known as the “Concessions”.
It granted religious freedom
to English men. It consisted
of a governor, a council, and
an assembly of 12.
New Jersey, continued . . .
• New Jersey had a warm climate with fertile
soil.
• The economy was based mainly on farming.
• New Jersey had a warm climate with fertile
soil.
• The economy was based mainly on farming.
Pennsylvania(1681)
• Pennsylvania was claimed for
England by John Cabot in 1497.
• William Penn was given a land
grant in 1681. He was a
Quaker.
• Pennsylvania was founded as a
colony where people would be
allowed to worship as they
chose.
• The colony was made up of
English Quakers and other
Protestants. Slaves made up
about 20 percent of the
population.
William Penn
Pennsylvania, continued . . .
• The colony was covered
with rolling hills,trees,and
fertile soil.
• In the colony the weather
was hot and humid in the
summer time and cold
with snow in the winter.
• The colonist in the colony
were mostly farmers who
raised vegetables,corn,and
wheat and grazed dairy
cattle.
Pennsylvania, continued . . .
• In the colony the religion had a very strong
tradition of tolerance and welcomed settlers
seeking religious freedom.
• The colony offered political freedom and selfgovernment.Every free man in the colony elected
200 representatives to the Pennsylvania General
Assembly each year.
• The men voted on laws that were proposed by the
Provincial Council,72 men also elected annually.
• The Governor oversaw the legislature.
Georgia(1732)
• George II founded Georgia
in his own name in 1732, but
James Oglethorpe was given
the job of setting up the
colony.
• Georgia was founded as a
haven for poor debtors.
• The colony included
English, Africans, and
Native Americans as well as
debtors from France,
Scotland, Ireland, Wales,
Germany, and the
Netherlands.
King George II
Georgia, continued . . .
James Oglethorpe(Founder)
• Winters were shorter and milder
in Georgia than in England and
the summers were long, hot,
and humid.
• The economy in Georgia was
based mostly on farming. Cash
crops included cotton, indigo,
tobacco, and rice. Eventually
Africans were used on the
plantations.
• The religion in Georgia was
based on religious tolerance and
freedom.
Georgia, continued . . .
• Georgian landowners elected
representatives to the Common House of
Assembly. They were watched over by the
Upper House of General Assembly. Above
the two legislative bodies was a Governor
who was appointed by the Trustees and the
King of England. The Governor had the
final word.
THE END!!!!!!!!!