Download Simple Compound Microscope

Introduction to Microscopes!
Now Seeing IS Believing!
A Brief History
Simple Glass Magnifiers
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More than 500 years ago.
In 1600s, this “simple microscope” allowed scientists to
see cells and bacteria
Problem: not enough
magnification
First Compound Microscope
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Developed at the beginning of the 1600's, by the
Janssen brothers and Galileo
Problem: images
were blurred and
had colored halos
Simple Compound Microscope
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Invented in
1660s
Problem: all
images had red
or blue “halos”
around them
Even better!
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1700 and 1800s – great
improvement in
microscopes
Usually made of brass
(expensive)
Had a tripod for support
Modern Compound Microscope
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1900s, started using iron
instead of brass (cheaper)
Only one eyepiece
(monocular)
Outside light source
reflected onto mirror
Very functional
Still used today
Fancy!
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Better images
More magnification
Better lighting
Easier to use
Now everyone, at
one time or another,
has looked through
a microscope
How Does It Work?
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A microscope works very much like a telescope.
A telescope must gather light from a dim, far away object.
So, it needs a large
objective lens to
gather as much light
as possible and a
long body to bring
the image into focus.
How Does It Work?
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Unlike a telescope, a
microscope must gather light
from a tiny specimen that is
close-by.
So the microscope does not
need a large objective lens.
Instead, the objective lens of
a microscope is small.
Then the image is again
magnified by a second lens,
called an eyepiece, as it is
brought to your eye.
Parts of a Compound Microscope
So EASY a KID could use it!
Base
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The bottom of the
microscope, used
for support
Hold this part
with one hand
when carrying a
microscope
Mirror
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Reflects the light
so the specimen is
easier to see
Stage
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The flat platform
where you place
your slides.
It has a hole in it
so light can shine
through
Clip
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Shiny clips on the
top of the stage
Holds a slide in
place
Arm
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Supports the tube
and connects it to
the base
The part you hold
when you carry
the microscope
Coarse Adjustment
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→
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Large, round knob
on the side of the
microscope
Either moves the
stage or the top
part of the
microscope up and
down
Use only on Low
Power
Fine Adjustment
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→
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Small, round knob
on the side of the
microscope
Used to fine tune
the focus after
using the coarse
adjustment knob.
Use on all
Objective lenses
except Low Power
Eyepiece
→
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The lens at the
top that you look
through.
10X power
Body Tube
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The long tube that
holds the eyepiece
and connects the
objective
Nosepiece
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Rotating part of
the microscope at
the bottom of the
body tube.
It holds the
objective lenses
High Power Objective
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→
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The longest
objective lens
The highest
magnification
40X lens
(40X x 10X =
400X
magnification)
Low Power Objective
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←
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The shortest
objective lens
The lowest
magnification
4X lens
(4X x 10X = 40X
magnification)
Mid Power Objective
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←
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The medium
length objective
lens
The medium
magnification
10X lens
(10X x 10X =
100X
magnification)
Diaphragm
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→
Controls the
amount of light
going through the
hole in the stage
Pop Quiz
1.
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2.
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3.
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What two parts should
you hold when you
carry a microscope?
Base & Arm
Where do you put a
slide?
On the Stage
To focus, what knob do
you turn first? Second?
First, Coarse Adjustment
Second, Fine Adjustment
Test Your Skills . . .
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Arm
Body Tube
Stage
Clip
Base
Coarse Adjustment
Fine Adjustment
Test Your Skills
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High Power Objective
Low Power Objective
Mirror
Eyepiece
Nosepiece
Diaphragm