Download 4.05 LIGHTING

Lighting
4.05
Light
• Can emphasize the best features of a room
• Effects the way a room can be used. Inadequate light
causes eye strain, affect comfort levels, and result in
accidents.
• ____________________is very efficient, blends well
with sunlight, and makes most colors look good, less
flattering to skin tones
• ______________ is efficient but NOT flattering to
many colors, flattering to skin tones
Purposes of lighting
• ______________lighting: also known as background
or ambient lighting.
Provides just enough light so everything in the room
can be seen.
Softens the shadows and harsh contrasts caused by
other lighting sources.
EX:
______________in any room
Chandelier in dining room
Ceiling fan with light
Types, continued
• ________________: light that shines on specific areas
• _________________: reflected off ceilings and walls. More
diffused and softer
• _________lighting: focuses light on an area where it is
needed most.
To provide the best task light, shades should shaped so that light
is directed downward
EX: Desk lamp illuminates a desk top.
Light above a range or kitchen island
Light on sewing machine
Types, continued
• _____________lighting: aimed directly on a specific
object to create a dramatic effect.
For the most dramatic effect, the accent lighting should
be at least 3 times brighter than general lighting.
EX: Light___________________________
Lights in a china cabinet
TYPES OF BULBS
LED
Incandescent Florescent
Mercury
Vapor
Halide
Halogen
Incandescent Bulbs
• Light produced by electricity passing through a
tungsten filament in a glass bulb.
• This light tends to be__________
• ____________________.
• Bulbs are available in variety of shapes and
can be clear or frosted
• Frosted bulbs reduce glare and give a soft light
Incandescent bulbs (con’t)
• Small clear bulbs, used in chandeliers, give a
sparkling effect.
• Available in 15 to 300 watts
• Used in____________________________
• __________________________________
Halogen Bulbs
• Special type of incandescent bulb
• Filled with pressurized halogen gas, which
makes it____________________________
• Usually smaller than a regular bulb, produces
a__________________________
• More expensive but last longer
• Can become very hot (1000F), can cause burns
Fluorescent Bulbs
• Light that is produced when chemicals inside a
sealed glass transform ultra-violet rays
• Produce various color casts
• Usually are long straight tubes, but can also be
circular and U-shaped
• Can produce up to____________________
• ___________________________________
Fluorescent (cont’d)
• Look for the new compact fluorescent bulbs
(CFL)
• These______________________________
• Cost more but last longer
• Cannot be used with dimmer switches or
electronic timers
Light Emitting Diodes LED
• This diode is a _______________about the size of a
grain of salt and made of crystals.
• An LED bulb _____________________
• _________________________________
• (10x longer than CFL, 133x longer than a regular
bulb)
• Considered to be the next major evolution in lighting.
• Just starting in residential use
Fiber Optics
• Fiber optic lights are being used primarily in
museums and for displays because they
______________and no ultraviolet light
• Light flows through the __________ and is
focused at the end
Structural Lighting
• This is_____________________________
• Fixtures and wiring are hidden from view.
EX: wall washers soffit lighting
strip lighting down-lights
valence lighting
cove lighting
cornice lighting
luminous ceiling panels
Structures
• __________________: recessed ceiling
lights that spread light over a wall from
ceiling to floor.
• ________________: light source
(usually a fluorescent tube) mounted
over a window and hidden by a window
valence. Shines light both upward and
downward
• ______________: consist of a row of
incandescent bulbs around top or sides
of mirror in baths
• ___________________: plastic panels
covering fluorescent tubes. May cover
all or part of ceiling, provides general
light
More structural
• _________________: mounted near
the junction of wall and ceiling and
directs light downward. Used to
highlight wall hangings
• ___________________: concealed
light source that directs light upward
toward the ceiling. Gives appearance
of added height
• ____________________: direct a
beam of light from ceiling downward.
Can be accent or general lighting.
Flush with ceiling
More structural
• ______________: light enclosed in box-like
structure that directs light downward. Usually
a plastic panel diffuses the light, often used
over kitchen and bathroom sinks
Non-structural Lighting
• Consists of _________________________
• or replaced….various ceiling and wall fixtures
as well as portable lamps.
• Consider track lighting, wall sconce,
chandeliers, hanging pendants, lamps of all
types and sizes.
• Can use all types of bulbs.
Lighting for Safety
• Prevents accidents that occur in dim light or darkness
• Make sure all fixtures have ______________that
shows that fixture meets safety guidelines.
• Make sure ALL wiring meets local and state electrical
safety codes
• ___________________________________Can
overload circuit and blow fuses or start fires in worst
case
Safety Issue in Lighting
•
•
•
•
Are there ________________________
Light at entrance of home
Light switch at top & bottom of stairs
Are there controls for garage/carport lighting
from inside the house
• Can you control outside lighting from inside
the house