Download The Six Kingdoms 2013

The Six Kingdoms
Domains and Kingdoms
• Organisms are placed into
domains and kingdoms based
on their cell type, their ability
to make food, and the number
of cells in their bodies.
Classification
• Classification, like almost
everything in science is
continually changing.
How they are separated?
• Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus.
• Eukaryotes -organisms with
cells that contain nuclei.
Today, the system of classification
includes six kingdoms
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
1. Archaebacteria
2. Eubacteria
3. Protists
4. Fungi
5. Plants
6. Animals
A scientific argument
• Some scientists argue that
Viruses should be included with
living things and that they should
have their own Kingdom.
The Archaebacteria Kingdom
• Archaebacteria are a type of
prokaryote, that is, a unicellular
organism without a cell nucleus.
• They can survive in extreme
environments and are thoughts to be
one of the first life forms on earth!!
The Archaebacteria Kingdom
• Examples:
• Methanogens
– These archaebacteria obtain energy by combining
hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide to form methane gas.
– Methanogens live deep in the mud of swamps and are
poisoned by even traces of oxygen.
• They are able to survive in hot sulfur springs
that has a temperature of over 90°C and pH of
2.0.
The Eubacteria Kingdom
• They are unicellular prokaryotes.
• Eubacteria are classified in their
own kingdom because their
chemical makeup is different
from that of archaebacteria.
Examples of Eubacteria
• Examples of eubacteria
are: salmonella,
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
The Protista Kingdom
• Unlike bacteria , protists are
Eukaryotes
• Eukaryotes are organisms with
cells that contain nuclei.
Examples of Protists
Slime molds
and algae
Paramecium and
amoebae
The Fungi Kingdom
• If you have ever seen
mushrooms, you have seen
fungi
• Most fungi live on dead or
decaying organisms
Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
All plants are multi-cellular
Eukaryotes
Dandelions on a lawn, mosses in
front of a forest and tomatoes in
a field are all common forms of
plants.
Kingdom Plantae
As autotrophs, plants are the
.
primary producers in most
terrestrial food webs
Plants are very important in the
cycling of phosphorus, water,
nitrogen, and carbon.
Kingdom of Animals
All animals are multi-cellular
eukaryotes
Members of the animal kingdoms
are found in diverse
environments on earth
Kingdom of Animals
The animal kingdom includes
about 35 different phylum's,
most of which are animals
that live in the sea.
Kinds of Animals
• Segmented Worms
– Annelids live in both water and soil
and include the familiar earthworm.
• Mollusks
– They include snails, oysters, clams,
octopuses, and squids.
– Most have a hard external skeleton (a
shell).
• Arthropods
– The most diverse of all animals.
– They have an external skeleton, jointed
appendages with antennae and jaws.
Kinds of Animals
• Echinoderms
– Includes sea stars, sea urchins,
and sand dollars.
– Many are able to regenerate a lost limb.
• Invertebrate Chordates
– Aquatic animals that have much in
common with vertebrates,
though they do not have a backbone.
• Vertebrates
– Have an internal skeleton made of bone, a
vertebral column (backbone) that surrounds
and protects the spinal cord, and a head
with a brain contained in a body skull.
– Includes mammals, fish, birds, reptiles,
and amphibians.
Review of the Six Kingdoms
Six Kingdoms Brain Pop