Download Mexico - Social Studies

Chapter 13 Mexico
6th Grade Social Studies
CHAPTER 13
Mexico
Section 1: Physical Geography
Section 2: History and Culture
Section 3: Mexico Today
Locate
•
•
•
•
•
•
Gulf of Mexico
Baja California
Gulf of California
Rio Bravo
Mexican Plateau
Mount Orizaba
X
X
X
X
X
X
Locate (cont.)
• Sierra
Madre
Occidental
• Sierra
Madre
Oriental
States of Mexico
Main Ideas
• The major physical features of Mexico
include Baja California, Mexican
Plateau, Sierra Madre Occidental,
Sierra Madre Oriental, Valley of Mexico,
mount Orizaba, and the Yucatan
Peninsula, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of
California, Rio Bravo.
• The major climate zones of Mexico are
steppe, desert, savanna, and humid
tropical.
Main Idea (cont.)
• The major climate zones of Mexico are
steppe, desert, savanna, and humid
tropical.
Vocabulary
• sinkholes
A steep-sided depression formed
when the roof of a cave collapses
SECTION 1
Physical Geography
The Physical Geography of Mexico
MEXICO
Landforms
Isthmus of
Tehuantepec, Baja
California, Mexican
Plateau, Sierra
Madre Occidental,
Sierra Madre
Oriental,
Yucatán Peninsula,
Valley of Mexico
Bodies of Water
Rio Bravo, Gulf
of Mexico,
Caribbean Sea,
Pacific Ocean,
Gulf of California
Climates/
Animals/Plants
deserts, steppe,
savanna, humid
tropical/ cougars,
coyotes, deer,
anteaters,
jaguars, monkeys, parrots/
desert scrub,
rain forests,
dry grasslands
Resources
oil, gold,
silver, copper,
lead, zinc
Regions of Mexico (6:53)
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Sec 2: History and Culture
Objectives
• Identify some early cultures that
developed in Mexico.
• Describe what Mexico was like under
Spanish rule and after Independence.
• Identify some important features of
Mexican culture.
Main Ideas
• The Maya’s major achievements included
astronomical calculations, calendar, a writing
system, and complex agricultural systems.
The Aztec’s built Tenochtitlan, and grew
crops on chinampas.
• The effects of Spanish rule on Mexico was a
blend of cultures, the spread of Roman
Catholicism, mining of gold and silver, and
the division of land into haciendas.
Vocabulary
• chinampas
(chuh-NAM-puhs) The name the Aztecs gave
to raised fields on which they grew crops
• conquistadores
(kahn-kees-tuh-DAWR-ez) Spanish
conquerors during the era of colonization in
the Americas
• epidemic
Widespread outbreak, often referring to a
disease
Vocabulary (cont.)
• empire
A system in which a central power controls a
number of territories
• mestizos
(me-STEE-zohs) People of mixed European
and American Indian ancestry
• mulattoes
(muh-LA-tohs) People of mixed European
and African ancestry
Vocabulary (cont.)
• missions
Spanish church outposts established during
the colonial era, particularly in the Americas
• ejidos
(e-HEE-thohs) Lands owned and worked by
groups of Mexican Indians
• haciendas
(hah-see-EN-duhs) Huge farmlands granted
by the Spanish monarch to favored people in
Spain’s colonies
History of Mexico(12:25)
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SECTION 2
History and Culture
Colonial
Mexico
Spanish, American
Indians, and Africans
mixed cultures,
Missions established
to spread religion,
Ejidos taken away,
replaced by
haciendas.
1821
Independence
After
Independence
Texas revolts, later
joins the United
States; in war over
U.S.-Mexico border,
Mexico loses land to
United States; 1920
revolution changes
government and
restores ejidos back
to peasants.
Main Ideas
• The three economic problems faced by
Mexico include debt to foreign banks, high
unemployment, and inflation.
• Greater Mexico City is the most developed
and crowded. The Central interior has fertile
valleys. The Oil coast is a forested plain with
a growing population. Southern Mexico is the
poorest region. Northern Mexico is
prosperous and modern and the Yucatan is
sparsely populated and draws tourism.
Vocabulary
• inflation
The rise in prices that occurs when
currency loses its buying power
• cash crops
Crops produced primarily to sell rather
than for the farmer to eat
• smog
A mixture of smoke, chemicals, and fog
Vocabulary (cont.)
• maquiladoras
(mah-kee-lah-DORH-ahs) Foreignowned factories located along Mexico’s
northern border with the United States
• slash-and-burn agriculture
A type of agriculture in which forests are
cut and burned to clear land for planting
Mexico: Part 1(18:44)
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Mexico: Park 2 (18:06)
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SECTION 3
Mexico Today
Government and Economy of Mexico
GOVERNMENT
elected president and
a congress, Partido
Revolucionario Institucional
controlled government for
71 years
ECONOMY—Challenges
foreign debts, poverty,
high unemployment,
inflation
ECONOMY—Industry
oil, mining, manufacturing,
many foreign companies build
factories in Mexico
Mexico
ECONOMY—Agriculture
farming, coffee,
sugarcane, livestock
ranching, cash crops
ECONOMY—Tourism
visit old colonial sites, Maya and
Aztec monuments, coastal
resorts
CHAPTER 13
Chapter Wrap-Up
1. What is the Mexican Plateau?
2. Why are the coastal plains now more heavily
settled?
3. How did European diseases affect the
Indians in Mexico?
4. What were the main ethnic divisions in New
Spain?
5. How are agriculture and industry in Mexico
and the United States related?
Who Wants to be a Millionaire?
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