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Jazz Jazz music originated with slaves. In the African tradition, they had a single-line melody and a call-and-response pattern, but without the European concept of harmony. In the early 19th century an increasing number of African-American musicians learned to play European instruments. Another influence came from AfricanAmerican slaves who had learned the harmonic style of hymns and incorporated it into their own music as spirituals. Jazz Begin with a basic melodies and musicians take turns improvising or “taking a solo” on the melody. Melody Improv Jazz Syncopation – shifting the accent to the weak beat or off-beat Jazz Syncopated rhythms reflected African speech patterns, and the African use of pentatonic scales led to blue notes in blues and jazz. (lowered 3rd, 5th, & 7th) Ragtime Based on the military two-step march Rhythms are "ragged" and syncopated (putting emphases on weak beat) Mostly played on the piano Scott Joplin Most famous ragtime composer – Scott Joplin Called "King of Ragtime" Unsure of date of birth. Was 2 years old at census in July 1870 Born in Northeast Texas Moved to Texarkana while still young Texarkana Scott Joplin In the 1880’s, Joplin lived in Sedalia, MO as a teenager. Joplin worked as an itinerant musician. When not traveling Joplin played piano at local events Died April 1, 1917 Joplin’s Music Joplin received a 1-cent royalty from the sales of printed music of “Maple Leaf Rag,” which gave him a small, steady income for the rest of his life. Sales of “Maple Leaf Rag” reached half a million in 10 years. Wrote “The Entertainer” (used in movie, The Sting) Also wrote an opera called “Treemonisha”