Download School in rural Malawi

Respond to the following quote
• “It is the white man’s burden to rule over
people from other ethnic and cultural
backgrounds until those people can take
their place in the world by fully adopting
Western ways.”
-Cecil Rhodes, “Confessions of Faith” (1877)
CECIL RHODES
•
Rhodes wanted to expand the British
Empire because he believed that the
Anglo-Saxon race was destined to
greatness. In his last will and
testament, Rhodes said of the British,
"I contend that we are the finest race
in the world and that the more of the
world we inhabit the better it is for the
human race
Europe’s Excuse for Colonizing Africa
Scramble for Africa
• Economic: resources/labor
markets
• Political: “we are
stronger”
• Social: Education,
Technology, Religionimprove the people of
Africa
BERLIN CONFERENCE 1884
• European countries met
to formally divide up Africa
-to avoid fighting over it
-laid ground rules for
making claims
DIVIDING AFRICA
• European countries
created new boundaries
-not based on where
African ethnic groups lived
-combined traditional
enemies
• Greatly disrupted
Africa’s 300 different
ethnic groups
EUROPEAN COLONIES
KING LEOPOLD 2ND-BELGIUM
• WANTED CONTROL OF
CENTRAL AFRICAWHY?
• INVITED FAMOUS
EXPLORERS TO
BELGIUM
• HUMANITARIAN/PHILAN
THROPIC CONCERNS
FOR THE PEOPLE OF
CENTRAL AFRICA
RESULTS OF LEOPOLD
COLONIALISM
COLONIALISM
• When a stronger country
exploits a weaker one
-uses the weaker country's
resources to become richer
and stronger
• Europe became interested
in Africa during 1800s
-gold, diamonds, rubber
Imperialism
• Imperialism or Colonialism
• a policy or practice by which a country increases its
power by gaining control over other areas of the world
EFFECTS OF COLONIALISM TODAY
• Ethnic conflicts / civil wars
-due to boundaries created by
Europeans
-rival ethnic groups battle for
control of the countries
• Political instability
-little or no experience
-civil wars
-corrupt leaders
COLONIZED AFRICA
• Europeans set up own
governments
• Used forced labor to
extract resources
• Colonization ended in
1960s-1970s
-left Africa with no $,
infrastructure, or guidance
ETHNIC GROUPS IN AFRICA
EFFECTS OF COLONIALISM TODAY,
con’t.
• Little infrastructure
-few schools, highways, hospitals, etc.
-all $ was sent to Europe, not used in Africa
School in rural Malawi
AFRICA’S NATURAL RESOURCES
• Oil
• Gold
-30% in
South Africa
• Diamonds
• Platinum
-80% in South Africa
• Coffee
-20% of world’s supply
• Cocoa
- #1 in world
LASTING EFFECTS ON ECONOMY
• Economic instability
-civil wars; all $ used to
buy weapons
-uneducated populations
= unskilled workers
LASTING EFFECTS ON ECONOMY, con’t.
• Still based on providing
raw materials only
-little $ to build own factories
• European countries own
most gold / diamond mines
• Few high-paying jobs
- “brain drain”