Download Основные потребности по Й.Галтунгу

Comparative statistics of suicides and murders
Society
Community
Relationships
PERSONALI
TY
Six dimensions of psychological well being
(C.Ryff)
•
•
•
•
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positive attitude towards oneself and one’s past life (self-acceptance)
believing that one’s life is meaningful (purpose in life)
the ability to manage one’s life (environmental mastery)
being open to new experiences and self-realization (personal growth)
having satisfying high quality relationships (positive relationships with
others)
• independence and self-determination(autonomy)
Life chances
Life results
External qualities
1. Livability of environment
Good living conditions
Internal qualities
2. Life-ability of the person
How well we can cope with daily
hindrances
3. Utility of life
4. Appreciation of life
Sense that a “good life” includes A person’s subjective value of his /
something bigger than this life itself. It her life
implies certain higher values.
Basic needs according to J. Galtung
а) survival (violation of this need is death,
mortality)
б) physical well being (violation – poverty,
illness)
в) identity (violation – exclusion, alienation)
г) liberty (violation – repressions)
Direct violence
а) murder
б) physical injury, blockade, poverty
в) de-socialization form one’s own culture and resocialization into the other culture (e.g., prohibition
of speaking native language), treating some groups
of people as second-rate citizens
г) repression, exile, arrest
Structural violence
а) exploitation leading to probable death of hunger and
diseases among the exploited
б) exploitation leading to chronic poverty, malnutrition
and diseases among the exploited
в) manipulations with consciousness, restrictions of
access to information
г) marginalization, isolation
Cultural violence
aspects of culture (religion, ideology, language
and art) that may be used to justify and
legitimate direct and structural violence
Definition of bullying
Systematic
voluntary actions of one or more
people aimed at physical or
psychological harm to one or more
victims.
Mobbing & Bullying
1958 К. Лоренц – Mobbing
Англосаксонское обыденное определение -
Bullying
Physical
Bullying
Smashing
Hitting
Fighting
using objects
Emotional Bullying
• Manipulation
with friends
• Different types
of boycotts
• Public
humiliation
Research description
Bullying Questionnaire 38 statements
With questions concerning all aspects of this phenomena.
Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire
Rotter’s Locus of control Scale
Relationships with Parents Scale
Self-Characteristics Questionnaire
Questionnaire «Emotional well being of the group»
Sample
7 schools in Moscow, 1 school in Moscow region and in Voronezh.
357 participants aged from 11 to 17 years old.
Prevalence
• As the research has shown, 13 % of children
(every 7th) are involved in bullying process as
victims
• 20 % are involved in bullying process as (every
5th)
Comparison between localities
In big cities (Moscow, Voronezh)
the level of bullying is higher:
• more “victim” schoolchildren
• lower “emotional well being” in groups
• children regard situation at schools as less positive
• lower level of tolerance (factor of “affiliation” to
school) towards school in general
Personal traits of participants of bullying process
• Bullies: distant from parents, external locus of
control, openness in communication, positive
self-attitude, readiness to be active in life
Personal traits of participants of bullying process
• Victims: distant from parents, external locus
of control, “closed” position in communication
and unwillingness to communicate, feelings of
loneliness and indifference. Regards
themselves as unable and not ready to be
active, unhappy.
Personal traits of participants of bullying process
• Spectators:
Close relationships with parents, internal locus
of control, openness in communication,
positive self-attitude, readiness to be active in
life.
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