Download Contemporary Perspective

Human Services Today
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Chapter Three
Early institutions have been located in
remote locations
– Pastoral settings were believed to have a
calming influence
– In addition, the general public did not want to
be reminded about such things as mental
health or correctional facilities
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Historical Comparison
The goal of community based mental
health services is to enable clients to
interact with their environment in the least
restrictive manner possible
The focus has become health and
wellness rather than illness
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Community Based Service
Community based mental health focuses
on health and wellness rather than illness
– Other community organizations are used:
schools, recreational facilities, religious
organizations, etc.
– Services are also extended to the family
members
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Community Based Service
Hospice care programs have taken the
final stages of life out of the impersonal
hospital and returned them to the dignity of
the home
– The focus is to help patients spend the final
days of life with family in the comfort of home
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Community Based Service
Corrections is designed to take persons
from prison and/or local jails and place
them in community based supervision
– Halfway house are one example of this
approach
– Home confinement with electronic monitoring
is another (house arrest)
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Community Based Service
Schools are now a site for human services
– Teachers encounter children with problems
well suited to human services
– School-based services or systems of care are
common terms used to describe the integration
of human services in the educational setting
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Community Based Service
Challenges
–Recruiting and training
–Geography
–Cost
–Confidentiality
–Isolation
–Coordination
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services is the Rural
Setting
Those in the rural setting typically lack the
opportunities or resources available in
metropolitan setting
The difficulty in providing adequate services
to a small and dispersed population is also
problematic
The smaller population may also helps to
creates stigmas associated with the need for
human services
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services in the Rural
Setting
Frequently, the rural setting may constitute
an older population
Frequently, the rural setting may constitute
a more disadvantaged population
– Socioeconomic
– Minorities
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services in the Rural
Setting
A creative approach is required:
– Child welfare services
– Transportation needs
– Utilizing qualified or trained member already
in the community
– Home-based care
– Video links and telemedicine
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services in the Rural
Setting
Employers generally recognize that
workers who are physically and
psychologically well are better employees
– Many employers have learned to recognize
signs that indicate the need for assistance
and encourage employees to seek help
– Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) are
offered by most major corporations
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services in the
Industrial Setting
The Federal Comprehensive Alcohol
Abuse and Alcohol Prevention, Treatment
and Rehabilitation Act (Hughes Act: 1970)
– Created the National Institute on Alcohol
Abuse and Alcoholism.
– This provided human services with a different
approach from mental illness to the treatment
of alcohol abuse
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services in the
Industrial Setting
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was
passed in 1990
– This was patterned after the Civil Rights Act of
1964
– It provided those with disabilities access to
equal employment
– Allowed for access to the same services as
those without disabilities
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services in the
Industrial Setting
Meeting social needs for those in the
military is unique when compared to those
not in the military
– The Service to Armed Forces (SAF) was
created to help meet the needs the family of
military personnel
– Field offices were established in military
hospitals and installations to assist with
communication between military personnel
and family members
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Human Services in the Military
Setting
Communication
Information management
Service delivery
Professional development
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
The Impact of Technology
E-mail
Teleconferencing
Cell phones/pagers
World wide web
New blogs, facebook, twitter
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Communication
Coordination
Organization
Record of service provision
Evaluations
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Information Management
Software for clients
E-therapy
Online chat forums
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Client Services
CD-ROMs
Software for skill development
Pod casting
Online educational programs
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Professional Development
Fee-for-service
External review
Care management
Gate keeping
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Managed Care Terms
External review of services
Lowest level of care
Outcomes
Increased documentation
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Managed Care Principles
Population
International migration
Urbanization
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
International Challenges
Immigration
Multiracial recognition
Diversity
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
U.S. Challenges
Aging
Diversity
Terrorism
New Roles & Skills
Partisanship
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Trends
Racial
Ethnic
Religious
Sexual Orientation
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Diversity
Short-term
Long-term
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Terrorism Consequences
Clients vs. participants
Advocacy
Whole Person
Economic downturns
Copyright © 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
New Roles and Skills