Download Settlements in North America

Settlements in North
America
Calhoun Fourth Grade
Settlements in the New World

There are three
major settlement
groups in North
America



Spanish Settlements
French Settlements
English Settlements
Spanish Settlements
Environment

Spanish
conquistadors
claimed Florida
and the southwest
region of what is
today the United
States and called
all of this land
New Spain.
Spanish Settlements
Economic
 Spanish colonists
searched the southwest
region for gold.
 St. Augustine and Santa
Fe were established as
missions where Native
Americans worked to
make a profit (money) for
the Spanish.
Spanish Settlements
Government


Ruled by an absolute monarch
This is where the king and queen have absolute, or
total, power over the people
Spanish Settlements
Religion
 Missions are a religious
settlement where
missionaries ( people who
teach others about his or
her religion) live and
work.
 Missions were used to
teach native peoples about
Christianity
French Settlements
Environment


The French colonists
settled in Canada on
the St. Lawrence River
and along the
Mississippi River.
They named this land
New France
Most French colonists
were trappers and
traders
French Settlements
Economics


New France had a short
growing season, so they
found other ways to make
money
The French colonists
established fur trade with
the Native Americans, to
make a profit (money)
French Settlements
Government

The French were
ruled by an absolute
monarch, like the
Spanish, so the king
and queen had all
the power.
French Settlements
Religion


French settlers tried to
convert Native
Americans to
Catholicism.
The French
government did not
allow religious rebels
in their colonies.
Dutch Settlements


The Dutch founded the
colony of New
Netherland
The English forced the
Dutch to give up their
colony and it became
the English colonies of
New York and New
Jersey
English Settlements
Environment



The English colonies
can be divided into
the 3 regions: New
England Colonies,
Middle Colonies, and
the Southern Colonies
There are 13 original
colonies.
England was the first
country to build
settlements in North
America was.
English Settlements
Economic


English colonists settled
along the Atlantic coast of
North America for religious
freedom and economic
opportunity, the chance to
make more money.
Each region earned a profit
for their colony in a different
way based on their
resources
English Settlements
Government


The English had a tradition of
legislative representation in
Parliament, so they allowed
their colonies to create
colonial legislative branches.
Governors of the colonies
were appointed my the
crown (king and queen)
English Settlements
Religion


English settlers were
mostly Protestants
There were many
religious groups such
as the Puritans and
Quakers who settled
in the colonies in
search of religious
freedom
The New England Colonies
Environment



New Hampshire,
Massachusetts,
Rhode Island,
Connecticut
New England
colonies had thick,
rocky soil and a cold
climate
Natural Resource:
fish, whales, forest
New England Colonies
Economics

Because of the rocky
soil and cold climates,
colonists exported
(send out) lumber and
built ships to fish and
whale hunt to support
their economy.
The New England Colonies
Religion


The Pilgrims and the
Puritans went to New
England to establish
a model religious
community.
The meeting house
was the center of
religious activity and
government in the
colonies.
New England Colonies
Lifestyle



Men worked as artisans
or store owners in cities
and towns
Children received
enough education to
read and write
Young boys would learn
a trade from their father
through an
apprenticeship
Anne Hutchinson
pg. 2-3




Why did Anne Hutchinson
and her family settle in the
Massachusetts Bay Colony?
What did Anne Hutchinson
get in trouble for?
What do Puritans believe?
What does persecuted mean?
Middle Colonies
Environment


Pennsylvania,
Delaware, New
York, and New
Jersey
Fertile soil for
farming, with mild
climate
Middle Colonies
Economics


Middle Colonies grew
so much wheat, the
region became known
as the, "bread basket”
of the colonies
Middle Colonies
exported (send out)
food to the Caribbean
and other European
countries
Middle Colonies
Religion

Quakers settled in
Pennsylvania to
practice religious
tolerance, allowing
others to practice the
religion of their
choice
Middle Colonies
Lifestyle



Men and women worked
on farms with help from
indentured servants or
slaves
Women were responsible
for daily chores such as
cooking, cleaning, and
sewing
Young boys learned a
trade from their fathers
through an apprenticeship
Anne Hutchinson pg. 4-9



Who led the
establishment of the
Massachusetts Bay
Colony?
What was the
Massachusetts Bay
colony based on?
What does the word
devout mean?



What was Anne saying
about most of the
ministers in the colony?
What were women not
supposed to do in the
Massachusetts Bay
Colony?
Why were the members
of the Massachusetts
Bay Colony government
mad at Anne?
Southern Colonies
Environment


Virginia, Maryland,
North Carolina, South
Carolina, and
Georgia
Southern colonies
had rich soil , warm
climate, and plenty
of rain
Southern Colonies
Economic



Southern colonies
developed an economy
based on farming
Grew tobacco, rice,
and indigo – cash crops
Tobacco was the most
important cash crop to
the colonies of Virginia
and Maryland
Southern Colonies
Religion


Southern colonies
were a refuge (a
safe place) for
Catholics and
Protestants.
The southern
colonies established
churches in their
communities
Southern Colonies
Lifestyle


There were small farms,
and plantations (large
farms) in the Southern
Colonies, where
enslaved Africans
worked for the
plantation owners
Plantations were
owned by wealthy
white men
Southern Colonies
Government


The House of
Burgesses met in
1619. It was
Virginia’s first
government.
The men who
owned land
picked the
members.
Triangular Trade
Triangular Trade


Slaves were brought
to North America
through the
triangular trade.
The routes were
taken between the
British Colonies in
North America,
Europe, Africa, and
the West Indies.
Triangular Trade


On one route, sugar was
purchased in the West
Indies and taken to New
England to make rum. Rum
was shipped to Africa in
exchanged for slaves.
Slaves were then taken to
the West Indies and sold
or exchanged for sugar
cane. The sugar was taken
back to New England to
produce more rum, and the
cycle continued.
Triangular Trade

On another route, cash
crops from the English
colonies were sold in
Europe in exchange for
manufactured goods
that couldn’t be
produced in the colonies.
This is called
mercantilism.
The Middle Passage


The slave’s journey on the
ship between Africa and
the British Colonies is
known as the Middle
Passage.
Africans were kidnapped
and marched to the coast
of West Africa, to slave
ships where they were
traded or sold to the ship’s
captain
The Middle Passage




The slaves endured inhumane
(unbearable) conditions aboard
the ships.
The slave trade was to make a
profit (money), so captains of
slave ships tried to deliver the
maximum number of slaves for
minimum cost
Africans received little food,
or exercise while aboard the
ship
Many slaves did not survive
the Middle Passage
Slaves Arrive in North America


Slaves were brought in
from Africa mainly
through the port of
Charleston, SC
These slaves had a
deep impact on the
economy and culture of
the colonies
Slavery in the Colonies


As large farms and plantations were established in the
colonies, the planters needed help planting and harvesting
crops
At first, the English attempted to enslave Native
Americans, but Native Americans knew the land so well
that they were able escape.
Slavery in the Colonies


Most enslaved
Africans in the
colonies were forced
to work on large
plantations.
Slave owners could sell
family members and
break up families
Impact of Slavery



Africans brought their
own culture, skills and
languages
Africans knew a lot about
raising livestock (farm
animals) and farming
techniques
Without African skills
and labor, the economy of
the Colonies would not
have developed cash
crops.
Impact of Slavery



Africans impacted the cooking styles of the colonies,
because they prepared the meals for themselves and
their owners
Africans added vegetables to the owner’s diets, which
their health
Slave owners began to feel threatened by the
population of slaves and decided to make slave codes to
control the behavior of slaves in the colonies