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The Tools of Science Table of Contents Measurement in Science Math in Science Graphs Using Models Safety in the Science Laboratory Measurement in Science Common SI Prefixes The metric system is used to measure things like length, mass, and volume. How would you complete the chart of SI prefixes? Measurement in Science Conversions for Length A meter (m) is the basic SI unit used for measuring length. Measurement in Science Conversions for Mass In SI, the basic unit for measuring mass is the kilogram (kg). Measurement in Science Conversions for Volume This table shows how to convert between the volume of solids and the volume of liquids. Measurement in Science Densities of Some Common Substances The density of water is 1 g/cm3. According to the chart, which substances will float in water? Measurement in Science Conversions for Temperature The Kelvin scale is the basis for the SI temperature units. Measurement in Science Temperature Scales Which thermometer is Kelvin? Which is Celsius? What is the freezing point on the Kelvin thermometer? Math in Science Accuracy and Precision In a dart game, accurate throws land close to the bull’s-eye. Precise throws land close together. Are these darts thrown accurately or precisely? Math in Science American Crocodile Egg Data You can use math to analyze the data in the table about the number of American crocodile eggs in seven nests. Calculate the mean, median, mode, and range of the crocodile egg data. Math in Science American Crocodile Nest Data Researchers have been tracking the number of crocodile nests in the Everglades for years. The table shows approximate nest data from 1996 to 2000. What variable could have affected the number of nests? Graphs Going Wireless How has cell phone use in the United States grown over the years? Take a look at the numbers in the chart. Graphs Analyzing Line Graphs The line graph shows the results of an experiment that tested the amount of sugar that could dissolve in water as temperature was increased. What happens to the amount of sugar that can be dissolved in water when the temperature decreases? Graphs Trends and Predictions These graphs are fit from data. We can use these graphs to make predictions or identify trends. Graphs U.S. Cell Phone Subscribers Use the data in the table to describe a line graph. Using Models Understanding Flooding The SLOSH model is a computer simulation used by the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida. It is used here to predict storm surge on the North Carolina coast. Using Models Digestive System Describe the input, process, and output of the digestive system. Using Models A System on Wheels A skateboard is a mechanical system. Describe the input, process, and output of this mechanical system. Using Models Cloud Formation Clouds form when warm, moist air rises and cools. Water vapor condenses onto tiny particles in the air. Which is the input, process, and output of the system? Using Models Life Cycle of the American Dog Tick American dog ticks are a common pest in Louisiana. They can spread diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever to humans. Read the model of the life cycle of the American dog tick. How would you make a sign with information that could help you avoid ticks? Using Models El Niño Scientists used the computer models to study an El Niño event in 1997. The red color represents warm water spreading across the ocean between January and June. Using Models Use the data table to make a bar graph. What should the x- and yaxes be labeled? What would be a good title for the graph? Using Models How would you use the data points for Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune to complete the graph? The inner planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars—have been done for you. Safety in the Science Laboratory Safety Symbols Safety symbols are signs that alert you to possible sources of accidents in a laboratory. Safety in the Science Laboratory Laboratory Safety Recognizing and avoiding safety hazards are important lab skills. Safety in the Science Laboratory Safety Equipment In case of an emergency in the lab, we should recognize some basic safety equipment and know how to use it.
