Download Student Name: Per: ______ Date

Operating System Vocabulary
Student Name: ______________________ Per: ______ Date: ______________
1. __________ a disk, or reorganizing it so the files are stored in contiguous
sectors, speeds up data access and thus the performance of the entire
computer.
1.
2. __________ consists of programs that control the operations of a
2.
computer and its devices.
3. __________ is a multitasking operating system available only for
computers manufactured by Apple.
3.
4. __________ is a multitasking operating system developed in the early
1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories.
4.
5. __________ is a popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system.
5.
6. __________ is a scaled-down Windows operating system designed for use
on wireless communications devices and smaller computers such as
6.
handheld computers, in-vehicle devices, and Web-enabled devices.
7. __________ is an upgrade to the Windows 98 operating system that has
features specifically for the home user.
7.
8. __________ is IBM’s GUI multitasking client operating system that
supports networking, the Internet, Java, and speech recognition.
8.
9. __________ is IBM’s network operating system designed for all sizes of
businesses.
9.
10. __________ is privately owned software and is limited to a specific
10.
vendor or computer model.
11. __________ is the process of preparing a disk for reading and writing.
11.
12. __________ is the process of starting or restarting a computer.
12.
13. __________ means a computer can recognize a new device and assist in
its installation by loading the necessary drivers automatically and
checking for conflicts with other devices.
13.
14. __________ refers to three early versions of Microsoft Windows:
Windows 3.0, Windows 3.1, and Windows 3.11.
14.
15. __________, a version of UNIX developed by Sun Microsystems, is a
network operating system designed specifically for e-commerce
applications.
15.
16. A process called __________ sends print jobs to a buffer instead of
sending them immediately to the printer.
16.
17. A program called a(n) __________ intercepts print jobs from the operating
17.
system and places them in a queue.
18. A(n) __________ allows users to use menus and visual images such as
icons, buttons, and other graphical objects to issue commands.
18.
19. A(n) __________ controls how data is entered and how information
displays on the screen.
19.
20. A(n) __________ is a collection of computers and devices connected
together via communications media and devices such as cables, telephone
lines, and modems.
20.
21. A(n) __________ is a communications line between a device and the
processor.
21.
22. A(n) __________ is a complete operating system that works on a desktop
or notebook computer.
22.
23. A(n) __________ is a computer that continues to operate even if one of its
components fails.
23.
24. A(n) __________ is a floppy disk, Zip® disk, or CD-ROM that contains
system files that will start a computer.
24.
25. A(n) __________ is a set of programs containing instructions that
coordinate all of the activities among computer resources.
25.
26. A(n) __________ is a small program that tells the operating system how to
communicate with a device.
26.
27. A(n) __________ is a type of system software that performs a specific
task, usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.
27.
28. A(n) __________ is a unique combination of characters, such as letters of
the alphabet or numbers, that identifies one specific user of a network.
28.
29. A(n) __________ is an area of memory or storage in which items are
placed while waiting to be transferred to or from an input or output device.
29.
30. A(n) __________ is an operating system that supports a network.
30.
31. A(n) __________, such as receiving data from an input device or sending
information to an output device, is an operation the processor manages.
31.
32. Compressed files, sometimes called __________, usually have a .zip
32.
extension.
33. During the boot process, if the POST completes successfully, the BIOS
searches for specific operating system files called __________.
33.
34. During the boot process, the BIOS executes a series of tests, collectively
called the __________, to make sure the computer hardware is connected
properly and operating correctly.
34.
35. In the accompanying figure, a(n) __________ is the amount of data and
program instructions that can swap at a given time.
35.
36. In the accompanying figure, the area of the hard disk used for virtual
memory is called a(n) __________ because it swaps (exchanges) data,
information, and instructions between memory and storage.
36.
37. In the event it is necessary to use a backup file, a(n) __________ reverses
the backup process and returns the file to its original form.
37.
38. In Windows, the __________ consists of several files that contain the
system configuration information.
38.
39. Linux is __________, which means its code is available to the public.
39.
40. Microsoft developed __________ as a client operating system with a
Windows 95 interface that could connect to a Windows NT Server.
40.
41. Novell’s __________ is a widely used network operating system designed
41.
for client/server networks.
42. Pocket PC OS is a scaled-down operating system developed by Microsoft
that works on a specific type of handheld computer, called a(n)
42.
__________.
43. Screen savers originally were developed to prevent a problem called
__________ in which images could be permanently etched on a monitor’s
screen.
43.
44. Some call UNIX a(n) __________ because it is both a stand-alone and
network operating system.
44.
45. Some stand-alone operating systems, called __________, also work in
conjunction with a network operating system.
45.
46. Some vendors offer __________ that combine several utility programs
into a single package.
46.
47. The __________ is a device mounted onto a vehicle’s dashboard that is
powered by Windows CE and can be used to obtain information, access
and listen to e-mail, listen to the radio or an Audio CD, and share
information.
47.
48. The __________ is firmware that contains a computer’s startup
instructions.
48.
49. The __________ is the core of an operating system that manages memory
and devices; maintains the computer’s clock; starts applications; and
assigns the computer’s resources.
49.
50. The __________ operating system was more integrated with the Internet
than Windows 95.
50.
51. The operating system on most handheld computers and small devices,
called a(n) __________, resides on a ROM chip.
51.
52. The operating system that a computer uses sometimes is called the
__________.
52.
53. The Palm handheld computers from Palm, Inc., and Visor handheld
computers from Handspring™ use an operating system called
__________.
53.
54. The technique of swapping items between memory and storage, illustrated
in the accompanying figure, often is called __________.
54.
55. The term __________ refers to several single user operating systems
55.
developed in the early 1980s for personal computers.
56. To meet various levels of server requirements, the __________ consists of
three products: Windows 2000 Server, Windows 2000 Advanced Server,
and Windows 2000 Datacenter Server.
56.
57. To use a(n) __________, an annual fee usually is paid that allows a
vendor’s utility programs to be accessed and used on the Web.
57.
58. When a compressed file is received, it is necessary to __________ it, or
restore the file to its original form.
58.
59. When an operating system spends much of its time paging, instead of
executing application software, it is said to be __________.
59.
60. When network administrators establish user accounts, each account
typically requires a user name and password to access, or __________, to
the network.
60.
61. When the contents of a file are scattered across two or more
noncontiguous sectors, the file is __________.
61.
62. When working with a command-line interface, the set of commands used
62.
to interact with the computer is called the __________.
63. Windows Explorer has a viewer called __________ that displays the
contents of graphics files.
63.
64. Windows includes a disk defragmenter utility, called __________.
64.
65. Windows includes the diagnostic utility, __________, which diagnoses
problems as well as suggests courses of action.
65.
66. With __________, Microsoft developed a true multitasking operating
system – not an operating environment like early versions of Windows.
66.
67. With __________, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, the
operating system allocates a portion of a storage medium, usually the hard
disk, to function as additional RAM.
67.
68. With a(n) __________, keywords are typed or special keys are pressed on
68.
the keyboard to enter data and instructions.
69. With Windows 98, users could have a(n) __________ interface, which
69.
allowed them to set up Windows so icons on the desktop and file names in
Windows Explorer worked similar to Web links.
70. With Windows, the formatting process defines the __________, which is a
table of information that the operating system uses to locate files on the
disk.
70.
Word List
device driver or driver [8.11]
Windows 2000 Server family
System software [8.2]
Plug and Play [8.13]
[8.22]
operating system (OS) [8.3]
interrupt request (IRQ) [8.13]
OS/2 Warp Server for E-
software platform or platform
Formatting [8.15]
business [8.23]
[8.4]
file allocation table (FAT)
UNIX [8.23]
Booting [8.4]
[8.15]
multipurpose operating
kernel [8.4]
network operating system or
system [8.24]
BIOS or basic input/output
network OS or NOS [8.15]
Linux [8.24]
system [8.5]
network [8.15]
open-source software [8.24]
power-on self test (POST)
log on [8.16]
Solaris™ [8.25]
[8.6]
user name or user ID [8.16]
embedded operating system
system files [8.6]
Proprietary software [8.17]
[8.25]
registry [8.6]
stand-alone operating system
Windows CE [8.25]
emergency repair disk or boot
[8.17]
Auto PC [8.26]
disk or rescue disk [8.6]
client operating system [8.17]
Pocket PC [8.26]
user interface [8.7]
DOS (Disk Operating
Palm OS® [8.26]
command-line interface [8.8]
System) [8.17]
utility program or utility
command language [8.8]
Windows 3.x [8.18]
[8.27]
graphical user interface (GUI)
Windows 95 [8.18]
utility suites [8.27]
[8.8]
Windows NT Workstation or
Web-based utility service
fault-tolerant computer [8.9]
Windows NT or NT [8.18]
[8.27]
virtual memory (VM) [8.10]
Windows 98 [8.18]
Imaging Preview [8.27]
swap file [8.10]
Active Desktop™ [8.18]
zipped files [8.28]
page [8.10]
Windows Millennium Edition
uncompress or unzip [8.28]
paging [8.10]
or Windows Me [8.20]
Dr. Watson [8.28]
thrashing [8.10]
Mac OS or Macintosh
fragmented [8.30]
job [8.10]
operating system [8.21]
Defragmenting [8.30]
buffer [8.11]
OS/2 Warp [8.22]
Disk Defragmenter [8.30]
spooling [8.11]
NetWare [8.22]
restore program [8.30]
print spooler [8.11]
ghosting [8.31]