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IB Biology II- Practice Endocrine Practice #1
1.
(a)
Name: _______________________________
State a hormone which is a
(i)
steroid;.......................................................................(ii) peptide..............................................................
(1)
(b)
List three structural features of exocrine glands.
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(3)
2.
The diagram below shows a transverse section of the ileum.
(a)
(i)
State the name and function of the structures labelled 1 and 2.
1:
...........................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
2:
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii)
Distinguish between the muscles labelled 3 and 4.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
3.
(a)
Explain briefly the principle of negative feedback in homeostasis.
............................................................................................................................... .....
....................................................................................................................................
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(3)
1
(b)
Draw an arrow on the diagram below to show where negative feedback occurs.
Sweat Glands
Decreased
Temperature
Body
Response e.g.
Receptors
Temperature
Skin Arterioles
Skeletal Muscle
Decreased Sweating
Decreased Blood Flow
Increased
Body
Temperature
Shivering
(1)
(c)
State the system used to control the response of the skin arterioles.
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
4.
(a)
(i)
Define the term homeostasis.
..........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
State which two systems are involved in the control of homeostasis.
1.
...............................................................................................................
2.
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Using an example, explain the role of negative feedback in homeostasis.
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(3)
5.
The electron micrograph below shows part of several pancreatic islet cells.
Capillary
I
Storage vesicles
II
III
2
(a)
Identify the structures labelled I, II and III in the micrograph above and give a role for each one.
(3)
(b)
(i)
Using the letter A, identify one location on the micrograph where transcription takes place.
(1)
(ii)
Using the letter B, identify one location on the micrograph where chemiosmosis occurs.
(1)
The large, black vesicles store products of the cells that are released into the capillaries of the pancreas.
(c)
(i)
Suggest what product each cell is likely to be making.
..........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Explain how the products are transported from the site of production and released from the islet cells.
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..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
(3)
7.
(a)
8.
What are responsible for the lowering of blood glucose levels?
9.
Draw a labelled diagram of the structural features of exocrine glands.
I.
-cells in the pancreas
II.
Insulin molecules
III.
-cells in the pancreas
A.
II only
B.
I and II only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Which play a role in controlling body temperature?
I.
II.
III.
Blood
Skin arterioles
Body hair
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
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10.
11.
How do endocrine glands function when they are involved in homeostasis?
A.
They release hormones directly into the blood system.
B.
They release hormones through ducts to where they are used.
C.
They release digestive enzymes from the pancreas.
D.
They cause positive feedback in the body’s structures.
The diagram shows how the body regulates glucose levels in the blood.
Glucose increase
X released
Glucose normal
Y released
Glucose decrease
What is Y?
12.
13.
14.
A.
Amylase
B.
Insulin
C.
Glucagon
D.
Glycogen
Which of the following changes occur with the onset of exercise?
A.
Increase in pH of blood
B.
Increase in rate of cellular respiration
C.
Decrease in rate of contraction of the diaphragm
D.
Decrease in carbon dioxide concentration of the blood
Which cells secrete insulin?
A.
-cells of the pancreas
B.
Cells of the liver
C.
-cells of the pancreas
D.
Epithelial cells of the intestine
What does oxytocin control?
A.
Brain development of the fetus
B.
Onset of ovulation
C.
Stimulation of uterine contractions
D.
Implantation of the blastocyst
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IB Biology II – Practice Endocrine Practice #2
1.
(a)
Name: _________________________
Outline the role of the liver in the storage of nutrients.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
Explain how the body overcomes the problem of lipid digestion in the alimentary canal.
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.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
2.
(a)
Define homeostasis.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Blood glucose levels are controlled by several hormones.
(i)
State the name of one of these hormones and the specific site of its production.
hormone: ...........................................................................................................
site: ...................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii)
Outline how the hormone chosen in (b) (i) controls blood glucose.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(c)
Explain the roles of estrogen in regulating change at puberty in young women.
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.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
3.
(a)
List two roles of testosterone in males.
1.
..........................................................................................................................
2.
..........................................................................................................................
(1)
5
(b)
A boy inherited red-green colour-blindness from one of his grandfathers. Deduce, giving your
reasons, which of his two grandfathers was also colour-blind.
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.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
4.
(a)
Distinguish between the mode of action of steroid and protein hormones.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
Explain the events of the cardiac cycle including systole, diastole and heart sounds.
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(6)
5.
Explain the control of thyroxine by negative feedback.
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(7)
6
11.
(a)
State where bile is synthesized.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Explain the role of bile in digestion.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
12.
(a)
State two components of saliva, other than water.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Outline the circulation of blood through the liver.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
13.
(a)
Draw a diagram of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
(b)
Outline the role of bile in lipid digestion in a hydrophilic medium.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
14.
(a)
Outline the role of the liver in the storage of nutrients.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
Explain how the body overcomes the problem of lipid digestion in the alimentary canal.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
7
1.
(a)
State where bile is synthesized.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Explain the role of bile in digestion.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
2.
(a)
State two components of saliva, other than water.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Outline the circulation of blood through the liver.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
3.
(a)
Draw a diagram of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
(b)
Outline the role of bile in lipid digestion in a hydrophilic medium.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
4.
(a)
Outline the role of the liver in the storage of nutrients.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
Explain how the body overcomes the problem of lipid digestion in the alimentary canal.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
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