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Unit 5 Rome – Part 2
The Romans – The Roman Republic
Lesson Essential Question 1 – _________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
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Why It’s Important (p. 219)
A. What is a republic? _________________________________________
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B. Who were the patricians?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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C. Who were the plebeians?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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D. Why was the government of the Roman Republic important to the
United States? ______________________________________________
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Section 1: The Government (p. 219-220)
E. Describe the government of the Roman Republic.
1. Consuls
a. Define consuls: _________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
b. They were ___________________________ and
___________________________.
c. Each had the power to ___________________________ or
_______________________________________________
_______.
d. _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
2. Senate
a. _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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b. _______________________________________________
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c. _______________________________________________
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d. _______________________________________________
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3. Judges, assemblies, and tribunes ___________________________
______________________________________________________
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a. Define tribunes: ________________________________
_______________________________________________
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b. _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
F. What were the Twelve Tables?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________
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Section 2: Roman Expansion (p. 221-222)
Lesson Essential Question 2 – How did the Roman Republic expand its territory?
G. How did the Romans protect the republic and prevent the Etruscans from
gaining control of Rome? _____________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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H. How did the Romans protect their new boundaries? ________________
__________________________________________________________
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I. Describe the Roman army.
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. Define legion: _________________________________________
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3. Define legionaires: _____________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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J. How was the legion better than a phalanx?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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K. Describe the life of legionaries.
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________
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L. Describe the Romans as rulers.
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________
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Section 3: The Punic Wars (p. 222 – 224)
Lesson Essential Question 3 – _________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
M. What was Carthage and what areas did it control? _________________
__________________________________________________________
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The First Punic War (p. 222-223)
N. What happened in 264 B. C.?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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O. How did the Romans build their first fleet of ships? What improvements
did they make?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
P. What was the result of the First Punic War? ______________________
__________________________________________________________
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Hannibal and the Second Punic War (p. 223-224)
Q. How did the Carthaginian General Hannibal Barca attack Rome?
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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R. What happened when the Carthaginian army reached Rome?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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S. What did Hannibal and the troops do for the next 15 years?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
T. What did Rome do? _________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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U. What was the result of the Second Punic War? ____________________
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The Third Punic War (p. 224)
V. What happened after 50 years of peace? _________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
W. What did Rome do?
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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X. What also happened in 146 B. C. between Rome and Greece?
1. Rome attacked __________________________ and
__________________________.
2. Rome already controlled __________________________ and
__________________________.
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3. Now, _________________________________________________
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Section 4: Effects of Conquest (p. 224-226)
Lesson Essential Question 4 – _________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Y. What changes came from Rome’s conquest and wealth?
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
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Agricultural Changes (p. 225)
Z. What were two changes made to agriculture? (You will need to read the
whole section to find your answers.)
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
AA. How did farm size change? (Go back to the first paragraph in the
section to find the answer.)
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. Define latifundias: _____________________________________
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BB. What did latifundias produce? _______________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
CC. What was the main reason for the change in farming?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________
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6. ______________________________________________________
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7. ______________________________________________________
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DD. Why did the Romans begin using slaves?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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From Farm to City (p. 225)
EE. What choices did farmers who sold their land have?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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FF. What did almost all of them do? _______________________________
__________________________________________________________
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GG. Describe life in Rome.
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________
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6. ______________________________________________________
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7. ______________________________________________________
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8. ______________________________________________________
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9. ______________________________________________________
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HH. How did farmers make money?
__________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________
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Decline of the Roman Republic (p. 225-226)
II. What did Romans begin to demand from the areas the conquered?
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
JJ. What did publicans do? ______________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
KK. What were the problems Rome was having by 135 B. C.?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________
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LL.
What happened between the rich and poor?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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Section 5: Roman Leadership (p. 227-230)
Lesson Essential Question 5 – _________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
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Reformers (p. 227)
MM. Describe the changes Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus wanted to make.
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
NN. What happened to Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus? ______________
___________________________________________________________
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OO. Describe the changes Gaius Sempronius Gracchus tried to make.
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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PP.
What happened to Gaius Sempronius Gracchus? ________________
___________________________________________________________
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The Generals (p. 227-228)
QQ. What changes did General Gaius Marius make?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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RR. What was the result of General Gaius Marius’s changes (both good
and bad)?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
SS.
What happened between General Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius
Sulla? _____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
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TT.
What did Sulla do?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. Define dictator: _______________________________________
______________________________________________________
UU. What changes did Sulla make?
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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Julius Caesar (p. 228-229)
VV. What is a triumvirate? ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
WW. Who made up the First Triumvirate?
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
XX. How did Caesar and Pompey differ on their beliefs about how Rome
should be ruled?
1. Pompey - _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. Caesar - ______________________________________________
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YY. How did Caesar gain control and get to Rome?
1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________
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6. ______________________________________________________
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ZZ.
What changes did Caesar make? What was the result of each?
Reform
Result
1. ______________________________ 1. ______________________________
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________________________________
________________________________
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________________________________
2. ______________________________ 2. ______________________________
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3. ______________________________ 3. ______________________________
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________________________________
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4. ______________________________ 4. ______________________________
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AAA. What other changes did Caesar make?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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BBB. What happened to Caesar?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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End of the Republic (p. 229-230)
Lesson Essential Question 6 – _________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
CCC. What happened after Caesar’s death?
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1. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. Marcus Antonius - ______________________________________
______________________________________________________
4. Octavian - _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________
5. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus - _______________________________
6. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
DDD. What happened to the new triumvirate?
1. ______________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________
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