Download VOCAB- Evolution

Name __________________________
VOCAB QUIZ- Evolution
Chapters 15, 16, & 17
_____ the study of the history of the Earth, especially
the Earth’s history as recorded in rock
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
_____ well-supported, testable explanation for phenomena
that have occurred in the natural world
_____ preserved remains of an ancient organism
HYPOTHESIS
THEORY
ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
FOSSIL
GEOLOGY
EVOLUTION
____ Change over time; the process by which modern
organisms have descended from ancient organisms;
a change in the relative frequency of alleles in a population
_____ Selective breeding; the practice of humans selecting
traits they find useful from the variation provided by nature.
_____ a possible explanation for a set of observations or a possible answer to a scientific question
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*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
_____ competition among members of a species for food,
living space, and the other necessities of life
*
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
_____ the idea that individuals better suited to their
environment survive and reproduce most successfully,
passing on their fitness to their offspring and
increasing the fitness of the species over time
*
*
*
*
COMMON DESCENT
SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST
DESCENT WITH MODIFICATION
STRUGGLE FOR EXISTANCE
FITNESS
_____ principle that each living species has descended with changes,
from other species over time
_____ ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
_____ principle that all living things derived from and share common ancestors
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
_____ an inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s
chance of survival by better suiting an organism to
its environment
A.
B.
C.
D.
HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
MUTATION
ADAPTATION
VESTIGIAL ORGAN
_____ structure that is reduced in size and function so that
it resembles just a trace of homologous structures in other species
_____ structures, like the limbs of vertebrate animals, that have different
mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissues
_____ any change in the DNA sequence that affects the genetic information
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
______ process by which two species evolve in response
to changes in each other
______ pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are
interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change
A) punctuated equilibrium
B) coevolution
______ process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve
similarities when adapting to similar environments
C) convergent evolution
______ process by which a single species or small group of species
evolves into several different forms that live in different
ways; rapid growth in the diversity of a group of organisms.
ALSO CALLED DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
D) adaptive radiation
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
_____ The effect of natural selection when individuals at one
end of the normal distribution curve have higher fitness
than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve
A) DISRUPTIVE
SELECTION
_____ The effect of natural selection when individuals at the
extreme ends of the normal distribution curve have higher
fitness than those near the center of the curve
B) STABILIZING
SELECTION
_____ The effect of natural selection when individuals near the
center of the normal curve of distribution have higher fitness
than those at the extreme ends of the population
C) DIRECTIONAL
SELECTION
*
Name __________________________
VOCAB QUIZ- Evolution
Chapters 15, 16, & 17
_____ the study of the history of the Earth, especially
the Earth’s history as recorded in rock
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
_____ well-supported, testable explanation for phenomena
that have occurred in the natural world
_____ preserved remains of an ancient organism
THEORY
HYPOTHESIS
EVOLUTION
ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
GEOLOGY
FOSSIL
____ Change over time; the process by which modern
organisms have descended from ancient organisms;
a change in the relative frequency of alleles in a population
_____ Selective breeding; the practice of humans selecting
traits they find useful from the variation provided by nature.
_____ a possible explanation for a set of observations or a possible answer to a scientific question
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
_____ competition among members of a species for food,
living space, and the other necessities of life
*
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
_____ the idea that individuals better suited to their
environment survive and reproduce most successfully,
passing on their fitness to their offspring and
increasing the fitness of the species over time
*
*
*
*
FITNESS
STRUGGLE FOR EXISTANCE
COMMON DESCENT
DESCENT WITH MODIFICATION
SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST
_____ principle that each living species has descended with changes,
from other species over time
_____ ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
_____ principle that all living things derived from and share common ancestors
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
_____ an inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s
chance of survival by better suiting an organism to
its environment
A.
B.
C.
D.
VESTIGIAL ORGAN
ADAPTATION
MUTATION
HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
_____ structure that is reduced in size and function so that
it resembles just a trace of homologous structures in other species
_____ structures, like the limbs of vertebrate animals, that have different
mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissues
_____ any change in the DNA sequence that affects the genetic information
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
______ process by which two species evolve in response
to changes in each other
______ pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are
interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change
A) coevolution
B) adaptive radiation
______ process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve
similarities when adapting to similar environments
C) punctuated equilibrium
______ process by which a single species or small group of species
evolves into several different forms that live in different
ways; rapid growth in the diversity of a group of organisms.
ALSO CALLED DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
D) convergent evolution
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
_____ The effect of natural selection when individuals at one
end of the normal distribution curve have higher fitness
than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve
A) STABILIZING
SELECTION
_____ The effect of natural selection when individuals at the
extreme ends of the normal distribution curve have higher
fitness than those near the center of the curve
B) DIRECTIONAL
SELECTION
_____ The effect of natural selection when individuals near the
center of the normal curve of distribution have higher fitness
than those at the extreme ends of the population
C) DISRUPTIVE
SELECTION
*