Download Chapter 9: Gender Learning Objectives After completing this chapter

Chapter 9: Gender
Learning Objectives
After completing this chapter, you should be able to:
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Explain the difference between sex and gender and why this distinction is important.
Understand that a sexual division of labor exists in all societies and some of the reasons as to
why they exist.
Discuss gender stratification and those factors that influence the degree of gender stratification
within a society.
Understand that most societies recognize more than two gender identities and have different
explanations for the existence of these additional identities.
Discuss how globalization is influencing gender stratification within societies.
cultural
construction
of gender
The idea that the characteristics a people attribute to males and females are culturally,
not biologically, determined.
gender
crossing
The adoption of social roles and behaviors normatively appropriate for the opposite
biological sex from one’s own.
gender
stratification
The degree of inequality between males and females based on culturally defined
differences between the sexes; may be based on social status (rank, prestige) or on
access to resources, wealth, power, or influence.
multiple
gender
identities
The presence in some cultures of more than two sexes, with the third- and fourth-gender
identities often called by terms such as man-woman and woman-man.
sexual
division of
labor
The patterned ways in which productive activities and tasks are assigned to women
versus men in a culture.