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Ancient Civilizations Chapter 7 Study Guide
Chapter 7: The Hebrews and Judaism
Section 1
1) What prompted the pharaoh to free the Hebrews?
A series of plagues struck Egypt.
2) What is the Exodus?
The Hebrews’ departure from Egypt
3) What did the Ten Commandments do to the central message of Judaism? Discuss two commandments.
The Ten Commandments state ten moral laws. By accepting these moral laws, the Hebrews promised to worship only one God as well as agree
to other moral laws outlining murder, adultery, and envy.
Section 2
4) What is the Torah?
The most sacred text in Judaism
5) Jews believe that the Torah’s contents were revealed to which prophet?
Moses
6) What is a synagogue?
A Jewish house of worship
7) What does monotheism mean?
Believing in only one god
8) Identify the four central beliefs of Judaism.
God, education, justice, and obedience
9) How did scholars learn about how the Jews lived 2,000 years ago?
The Dead Sea Scrolls
10) Provide one example of how Judaism affected later cultures.
Judaism helped shape Western cultures.
11) How did Judaism influence the development of Islam?
The first people to follow Islam believed they descended from Abraham.
12) Identify two religions that Judaism has influenced.
Christianity and Islam
13) What common behavior today comes from the Jewish idea of honoring the Sabbath?
Many people do not work on the weekends.
Section 3
14) What do Jews consider to be the most holy day of the year?
Yom Kippur
15) What is a rabbi?
A Jewish religious leader
16) Which holiday celebrates the rededication of the Second Temple?
Hanukkah
17) Identify three groups who controlled the Israelites.
Romans, Chaldeans, and Persians