Download 1. Under influence of what hormone the absorbtion of Na+ increases

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Under influence of what hormone the absorbtion of Na+ increases?
Thyroxine
Aldosterone
Parathyroid hormone
Oxytocin
Calcitonine
What substance is the main stimulator for excretion of cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine?
Polypeptides
Glucose
Extractive substances
Amino acids
Hydrochloric acid
By what kind of transport mainly the amino acids are carried across the apical membrane of
enterocyte?
Primary active transport
Lightened diffusion
Simple (ordinary) diffusion
Secondary active transport connected with Na+;
Pinocytosis
Under influence of what hormone the absorbtion of Ca2+ increases?
Thyroxine
Aldosterone
Parathyroid hormone
Adrenaline
Vasopressin
By what kind of transport monoglycerids and fat acids are carried across the apical membrane of
enterocyte?
Primary active transport
Secondary active transport connected with Na+
By means of diffusion
Over the osmotic gradient
By means of pinocytosis
It is known that triglycerids penetrate across basolateral membranes of enterocyte in lymph like
chylomicrones. What kind of transport ensures this process?
Diffusion
Primary active transport
Secondary active transport connected with Na+
Lightened diffusion
Pinocytosis
How and where do the brief-chained fat acids absorb?
By means of active transport into the blood
By means of pinocytosis into the blood
By means of diffusion into the blood
By means of diffusion in lymph
By means of pinocytosis in lymph
What biologically active substance slows down the absorbtion of glucose?
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Insuline
Thyroxine
Glucocorticoides
Somatostatine
Vasopressin
Where and how do the long-chained fat acids absorb?
By secondary active transport connected with Na in the lymph
By secondary active transport connected with Na into the blood
By means of diffusion in Golgi apparatus of enterocyte, and then after the synthesis of triglycerids,
into the blood
By means of diffusion in Golgi apparatus of enterocyte, and then after the synthesis of triglycerids, in
the lymph
By means of diffusion into the blood
In what department of gastro-intestinal tract mainly the absorbtion of nutritious substances takes
place?
In stomach
In duodenum
In jejunum
In ileum
In rectum
During the experiment to experimental animal artificially was created the porto-caval anastomosis. In
three days animal died. What was the cause of it’s death?
Toxic influence of products of hydrolysis of fats
Considerable decrease of synthesis of glycogen in the liver
Toxic influence of products of hydrolysis of carbohydrates
Toxic influence of products of hydrolysis of proteins
Considerable decrease of synthesis of albumines in the liver
Absorbtion of ions of Na+ in small intestine increases during the increased concentration in chimus
of:
Vitamin B12
Vitamin E
Fructose
Galactose
Fat acids
In a person there is a disturbance of ions of Na+.The absorbtion of what substances during this leaves
without changes?
Ions of Chlorine
Fat acids
Amino acids
Monosacharides
Amino acids and monosacharides
During the tonic contraction of an area of small intestine the hydrostatic pressure of chimus increased
to 15 cm of water rate.It flavours, first of all, to the increase of:
Peristaltic movements
Secretion of gastric juice
Absorbtion of water
Intensity of attached-to-wall digestion
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Absorbtion of nutritious substances
Absorbtion of carbohydrates in gastro-intestinal tract occurs like:
Combination with monopeptides
Glucose
Mannose
Fructose
Monosacharides
In a sick person M. there is disturbance in water absorbtion.What main hormone controles the
intensity of water absorbtion?
Gastrine
Somatostatine
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
Thyreocalcitonine
Parathyroid hormone
In a patient there is a disturbance of Na-absorbtion.What hormone improves the absorbtion of Na+?
Gastrine
Somatostatine
Oxytocin
Thyreocalcitonine
Aldosterone
Absorbtion of proteins in enterocytes occurs like:
Polypeptides
Oligopeptides
Amino acids
Polypeptites, oligopeptides
Oligopeptides, amino acids
In a person there is deficiency of vitamin A.Deficiency, may be, connected with disturbance of
absorbtion of:
Polypeptides
Carbohydrates
Amino acids
Fats
Mineral substances
The bulk of nutritious substances absorbs in the next department of gastro-intestinal tract:
Stomach
Oral cavity (mouth)
Duodenum
Small intestine
Large intestine
Absorbtion in gastro-intestinal tract is provided by mechanism of:
Diffusion
Osmos
Filtration
Active transport
All counted
With the influence of what biologically active substance is the basal gaster relaxation associated?
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Acetilecholine
Adrenaline
Adenosine
Gastrine
Secretine
During the operative interfering in a patient the right vogus nerve was damaged.How it will change
the contractive activity of bladder wall and sphinter’s tonus of billiary system?
Sphincter’s tonus and contractive activity will intensify
Sphinter’s tonus and contractive activity will decrease
Sphinter’s tonus will increase, contractive activity will decrease
Sphinter’s tonus will decrease, contractive activity will intensify
Sphinter’s tonus will not change, contractive activity will decrease
During the electrogastrography in a patient was not discovered the disturbances of motor function of
gaster. What amplitude-frequency indicators of electrogastrogramm will confirm this?
Frequency - 5/min, average amplitude - 0,5mV
Frequency - 3/min, average amplitude - 0,8mV
Frequency - 2,3/min, average amplitude - 0,3mV
Frequency - 3,2/min, average amplitude - 0,3mV
Frequency - 3/min, average amplitude - 1mV
How will change the sphincter’s tonus of digestal tract and peristaltics of intestines under the
influence of parasympatic nervous system?
Sphincter’s tonus and peristaltics will intensify
Sphincter’s tonus and peristaltics will decrease
Sphincter’s tonus will increase and peristaltics will decrease
Sphincter’s tonus will decrease and peristaltics will increase
Sphincter’s tonus will not change and peristaltics will decrease
Which from this biologically active substances stimulate the motor function of gaster?
Secretine
Histamine
Glucagone
Motiline
Somatostatune
In a sick person a part of gaster was resected.What regimen of food reception must he follow?
Small portions 6-8 times a day
Large portions 2 times a day
Ordinary regimen of food reception - 3 times a day
To take food at night
To take food during the dinner 1 time
Which from this substances slows down the motor function of gaster?
Acetilcholine
Motiline
Secretine
Gastrine
Serotonine
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It is known, that from the food composition depends the motor function of gastro-intestinal
tract.Food of which composition mostly slows down the evacuation of chimus from the gaster into
duodenum?
Protein food
Carbohydrate food
Fat food
Plant(vegetable) food
Mixed food
Coordinated contraction of longitudinal and circular layers of muscles in small intestine provide:
Conditional reflexes
Local reflectional arcs
Intestinal hormones
Gastric juices
Impulses from oblong marrow
For the act of vomiting certainly is necessary:
Availability of impulses from vestibular analizator
Saliva secretion
Availability of efferent impulses from the center of vomiting in medula oblongata;
Nausea
Perspiration
Mechanical irritation of membrane envelope of small intestine reflexionally increases its movable
activity.About which kind of movement are these words?
Tonic
Rythmic segmentation
Pendulum-like
Peristaltics
Antiperistaltics
During the leading of which hormone the movement of villi of small intestine intensify?
Gastrine
Secretine
Motiline
Bombezine
Villikinine
Motor function of small intestine decreases during the increased concentration in the blood such
hormone:
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine
Secretine
Gastrine
Insuline
Motiline
In a person there is decreased motor function of gaster as a result of breaking action of:
Secretine
Gastrine
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine
Motiline
Insuline
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As a result of the disease in a person a tonus of sphincter of pylorus was increased. How did the
speed of evacuation of chimus into duodenum change?
Incseased
Slowed
Didn’t change
Evacuation didn’t take place
Evacuation took place as a result of contraction of duodenum
How does the availability of HCl and fats in duodenum change the motor function of stomach?
Insignificantly
Increases
Slows
Doesn’t change
Only nervous influences act
Dry remain of feces mainly contains:
Mucus
Fat
Cellulose
Desquamated epithelium
Neorganic substances
For the improving of peristaltics of intestines during constipations in ration is necessary to include:
Caviare salmon
Fried meat
Sausage
White bread
Vegetables and fruits
Transference of chimus in small intestines occurs as a result of:
Peristaltics, rhythmic segmentation, pendulum like contractions
Broadering of intestines cavity higher of chimus
Contraction of digestive sphinters
Availability of mucus in intestine’s gap
Leading influence of central nervous system
During the emotional lecture the professor starts feeling dryness in his mouth.This feeling is the
result of reflex of saliva secreting process:
Unconditional somatic
Conditional sympathetic
Unconditional sympathetic
Conditional parasympathetic
Unconditional parasympathetic
There are solutions of saliva and starch.After the solution of iodine added the content of probe it
stays colorless.During the further investigation such components are found in probe:
Glucose and galactose
Lactose and frucyose
Sturch and glucose
Dextrin and saccharose
Maltose and glucose
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The digestive qualities of saliva are investigated.Which substrate has to be added to saliva in order to
prove the presence of alfa-amilase?
Dextrin
Lactose
Sturch
Maltose
Sucrose
As the result of pathological process the nerve fibers were damaged and person lost ability to taste
sweet.Which pare of cranial nerves is damaged?
Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Vestibulocochear nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
A person had lost general feelings of oral cavity structures,but the sense of taste is present.This
testifies about lesion of:
Vagus nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves
The content of probe (saliva and solution of sturch) was heated up to boiling point.After the iodine
was added the content of probe became blue.This reaction can be explained by:
Hydrolysis of sturch
Formation of dextrose
Formation of glucose
Denaturation of amylase
Denaturation of maltose
After the infusion of membrane cytoreceptors blocker to the person the secretion of saliva has
decreased.Which reseptors were blocked?
 -adrenoreceptors
M-Cholinoreceptors
N-Cholinoreceptors
 1 -adrenoreceptors
E.
 2 -adrenoreceptors
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The nerve is stimulated with electric impulses during the experiment so the large amount of thin
saliva is secreted by submandibular and sublingual salivary glands.Which nerve is stimulated?
Vagus nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Sympathicus nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
In hungry person an increased secretion of saliva starts as he/she thinks about food.The cause of this
is increased influence of:
Adrenalin on α-adrenoreceptors
Adrenalin on β-adrenoreceptors
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Acetilcholine on M-cholinoreceptors
Acetilcholine on N-cholinoreceptors
Non-adrenalin on β-adrenoreceptors
During the treatment of teeth a patient with severe pain starts feeling dryness in his mouth as the
result of decreased secretion of saliva.This can be explained by involvement of such reflex:
Conditional harasympathetic
Unconditional parasympathetic
Conditional sympathetic
Unconditional sympathetic
Unconditional somatic
The gastric juice was gathered in the test-tube, but it was found that pepsine is not active.What
should we add in the test-tube for its activation?
Bilious acids
Colipase
Proaminopolypeptidase
Procarboxypeptidase
HCl
The solution of aminoacids was lead into dog’s duodenum.What hormone will stimulate the secretion
of pancreatic juice in this case, and secretion of what component of juice will increase?
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine, proteolitic ferments;
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine, amylolitic ferments
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine, water and bicarbonatic salts
Secretine, amylolitic ferments
Secretine, water and bicarbonatic salts
It was found that pancreatic juice has a high amount of amylolitic ferments and low - proteolitic and
lipolitic ferments.The main cause of this changes can be a long-term:
Using of alcohol
Starvation
Carbohydrates in
Emotional strain
Physical loading
Which of these factors stimulates the secretion of gastrine?
Monosacharides
Amino acids
Fat acids
Extractive substances
Hydrochloric acid
In a person the bile doesn’t come into the duodenum.The immediate result of this will be the
disturbance of process:
Synthesis of triglycerides
Forming of chilomicrones
Absorbtion of fat
Hydrolysis of fat
Emulgation of fat
The solution was set in the duodenum and it caused the increased secretion of hormone
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine.What factor caused this reaction?
Bicarbonatic salts
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H+-ions
Amino acids
Disacharides
Na+-ions
During the experiment in normal-coloured fecal mass a large amount of neutral fat was found.May
be, the main cause of this is that into the intestines doesn’t/don’t come:
Bile
Proteolitic enzymes
Lipolitic enzymes
Amylolitic enzymes
Intestinal juice
In a person the gallbladder was resected.Which of these processes will not happen?
Hydrolysis of fat
Emulgation of fat
Bile forming
Concentration of bile
Excretion of bile
There are investigated fermentative qualities of pancreatic juice.After the incubation of juice and
substance for 15 min ( 37C ) the products of hydrolysis gave the positive Felling’s reaction.The
action of what ferments of juice is the cause of forming products of hydrolysis, which were
discovered by Felling’s reaction?
Polypeptidases
Tripsine, chimotripsine
DNA-ase
Maltose, lactose
Lipase,prospholipase
During the arriving of food(chimus) from stomach to the duodenum, the process of bile forming
intensifies, because in such conditions secretion of hormone stimulates.What hormone?
Gastrine
Secretine
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine
Histamine
Neurotensine
In fecal mass of investigated person a large amount of undigested fibers of connective tissue was
found. Deficit of what ferment of pancreatic juice can be the cause of this?
Tripsine
Polypeptidase
Amylase
Maltase
Lipase
The first portion of chimus came from stomach into duodenum.It caused the increased excretion of
pancreatic juice.Secretion of what hormone can cause it’s secretion?
Gastrine
Histamine
Neurotensine
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine
Secretine
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It is made the duodenal probe in a person.What should we add through the probe in order to increase
the secretion od bile into duodenum?
Feeble solution of HCl
Solution of polypeptides
Meat broth
Feeble solution of alcohol
Liquid neutral fat
It is necessary to decrease exocrine function of pancreas.What membrane receptors must be blocked
to do this?
H-cholinoreceptors
M-cholinoreceptors
α-adrenoreceptors
α- and β-adrenoreceptors
β-adrenoreceptors
Fecal mass of a person is normally coloured.It was found a large amount of neutral fat in it.The cause
of this can be insufficient receiving to duodenum:
Pancreatic amylase
Tripsine
Pancreatic lipase
Bile
Bile acids
Hungry person sees tasty food.It caused the excretion of pancreatic juice because of realization of
such reflexes:
Metasympathic
Unconditional parasympathetic
Unconditional sympathetetic
Conditional parasympathetic
Conditional sympathetetic
It is made the duodenal probe.What should we inject under the skin for increased secretion of bile
into duodenum?
Gastrine
Secretine
Cholecystokinine-pancreatosimine
Neurotensine
Somatostatine
In a person stock crossed the duct of gallbladder.Because of this during ordinary food ration in
intestines will disturb the process of:
Emulgation of fat
Hydrolysis of carbohydrates
Hydrolysis of fat
Absorbtion of fat
There will be no disturbances
What effect has gastrine secretion in the stomach, duodenum and pancreas?
stimulates the secretion of stomach, duodenum, and inhibits secretion of the pancreas,
inhibits the secretion of stomach, duodenum and pancreas,
stimulates the secretion of stomach, duodenum and pancreas,
stimulates the secretion of duodenum, inhibits the secretion of stomach and pancreas,
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stimulates the secretion of the pancreas, inhibits the secretion of stomach and duodenum,
Which hormone stimulates the secretion of digestive tract pepsinogen in the stomach?
serotonin, parotin
sekretin, motilin
serotonin, sekretin, motilin
parotin, bombezin, VIP.
gastrin, bombezin, motilin, cholecystokinin-pankreozimin.
What effect has gastrin on motility of stomach, duodenum and gall bladder?
enhances gastric motility, inhibits motility of duodenum and gallbladder.
increases the motility of stomach, duodenum and gallbladder.
inhibits gastric motility, increases the motility of duodenum and gallbladder.
increases the motility of stomach and gallbladder, inhibits duodenal motility.
increases the motility of stomach and duodenum, inhibits the gallbladder motility.
What impact on the digestive system has a cholecystokinin-pankreozimin?
stimulate the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and the stomach, slows down the secretion of
hydrochloric acid in the stomach, stimulates the reduction of the gall bladder.
inhibits the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and the stomach, slows down the secretion of
hydrochloric acid in the stomach, stimulates the reduction of the gall bladder.
inhibits the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and the stomach, slows down the secretion of
hydrochloric acid in the stomach, slows down reducing the gall bladder.
stimulate the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and stomach, stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid
in the stomach, stimulates the reduction of the gall bladder.
inhibits the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and stomach, stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid in
the stomach, stimulates the reduction of the gall bladder.
Indicate what the secret glands emit a large curvature of the stomach?
acid and pepsin with great content.
moderate acidity and low content of pepsin.
neutral and with high content of pepsin.
neutral and low-pepsin.
neutral without pepsin.
What has been the adaptive variation of the gastric glands?
quantity and quality of gastric juice depends on the quality of food.
quantity and quality of gastric juice does not depend on the quality and quantity of food.
quantity and quality of gastric juice depends on the quantity of food.
quantity and quality of gastric juice depends on the quality and quantity of food.
quantity and quality of gastric juice depends on the time of the meal.
What food substances are the most powerful cause gastrointestinal secretion?
herbal broths
dairy products
meat fish
extractive substances (broth, cabbage juice), egg yolk.
Carbohydrate foods
What impact has bombezin to develop a gastro-hormones?
does not affect the synthesis gastrine and pancreatic polypeptide
reduce the release of gastrine, cholecystokinin-pankreozimin, pancreatic polypeptide.
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gastrine and reduces the release of pancreatic polypeptide, increases the release of
cholecystokinin-pankreozimin.
increase the release of gastrine, cholecystokinin-pankreozimin, pancreatic polypeptide.
does not affect the synthesis of cholecystokinin-pankreozimin
Describe the role of hormones of the digestive tract in digestion?
implementing regulation of humoral secretory, motor and absorbtion functions of the gastrointestinal
tract.
neurohumoral regulation absorbtion perform the functions of gastrointestinal tract.
implementing regulation of humoral secretory function of the gastrointestinal tract.
perform excretory functions of the humoral regulation of the gastrointestinal tract.
exercise reflex regulation of motor and absorbtion functions of the gastrointestinal tract.
What hormones digestive tract pepsinogen impede secretion in the stomach?
GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide), VIP (vasoactive peptide enteric), gastrone and enterogastrone.
gastrin, bombezin, motilin, cholecystokinin-pankreozimin.
serotonin, sekretin, motilin
parotin, bombezin, VIP.
serotonin, parotin
What impact on the secretory activity of stomach histamine is providing?
histamine is the allocation of large quantities of gastric juice with a high content of enzymes and high
acidity.
histamine is the allocation of a small quantity of gastric juice with a high content of enzymes, and
low acidity.
histamine does not cause the allocation of gastric juice.
histamine is the allocation of a small quantity of gastric juice without enzymes, and high acidity.
histamine stimulates secretion of large quantities of gastric juice with a low content of enzymes and
high acidity.