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CCNA Discovery 2: Chp. 9 Review
1. Problems in the upper layers are frequently caused by
2. Problems in layers 3 and 4 are frequently caused by:
errors or
errors.
3. Layer 3 problems are usually caused by
errors on Clients,
and
4. Most problems in Layer 1 and Layer 2 are caused by
errors
problems and
incompatibilities.
5. Label the correct layer where each group of Network Technologies operates:
Layer _________
MAC Addresses
Frame
Media Access Control
Switch / Bridge
Layer _________
Email Client
FTP server
Web Server/ Client
DNS
DHCP
Layer _______
NIC
Network Cable
Hub
Bits
Signals
Layer _______
Port Numbers
Segment
Socket Pair
TCP
UDP
Layer _______
IP addresses
Routing Protocols
Router
Packet
6. The Top-down troubleshooting approach starts with the
layer and works
7. The Bottom-Up troubleshooting approach starts with the
layer and works
8. The Divide-and-Conquer approach begins at the
layers and works
or
9. Identify the Troubleshooting approach used below:
A customer reports that they are unable to view web pages from a web server located at
the ISP.
The technician pings the server and the customer’s switch. Both pings are
successful, so he checks the firewall configuration.
10. Identify the 2 types of network topology diagrams:
a.
: Shows the layout and location of the devices connected to the network.
b.
: Shows how data travels through the network, includes IP Addresses, protocols
11. Identify the 3 steps in the Router Bootup Process:
a. Step 1:
b. Step 2:
c. Step 3:
12. The configuration register setting on a router tells it where to look for the
be set to
, which indicates a normal, default flash load.
13. The default boot sequence a router uses to look for the IOS is :
and SHOULD normally
,
, and
14. Identify which command you would use to complete the following troubleshooting tasks on a router:
a.
: quickly view the status of interfaces and the IP addresses assigned to them
b.
: display the amount of Flash memory and how much is free
c.
: display the router hardware model, IOS version, and configuration-register
d.
: verify configuration commands
15. When a host can’t receive an address from a DHCP server, what will happen?
Troubleshooting Chart
OSI Layer
Common Symptoms
Common Causes of Problems
Layer 1: Physical

Transmission of Bits over
Media

Signaling

Encoding
Layer 1 Issues
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3. _____________________
4. ______________________
Causes of Layer 1 Problems
1. ____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
Layer 1 & 2 Router Boot Errors
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
5. ____________________________
6. _____________________________
Layer 1 Interface Errors
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3. ______________________
Layer 2: Data Link

Frames

MAC Addresses

Access to Media
Layer 2 Issues
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3. _____________________
4. ______________________
4 Types of Media Errors
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3. ______________________
4. ______________________
Layer 3: Network

IP Addressing

Route Packets
Routing Error Symptoms
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
Causes of Layer 2 Errors
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
Layer 2 Interface Errors
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
Causes of LAN connectivity Errors
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
Causes of WAN connectivity Errors
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
IP Addressing Errors
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
Causes of Routing Errors
1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
Causes of Connected Route Problems
1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
Cause of Static Route Problems
1. Misconfiguration of ___________
Cause of Dynamic Route Problems
1. Misconfiguration of ___________
Layer 4: Transport

End-to-end message
delivery

TCP - reliability

UDP - no reliability

Segments, Port Numbers,
Sockets
Symptoms of Layer 4 Problems
Causes of RIP Routing Errors
1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
Causes of Layer 4 Problems
1.
______________________
1.
____________________________
2.
______________________
2.
____________________________
3.
_____________________
Troubleshooting
Tools/Commands
Troubleshoot Layer 1 Issues
1. _______________________
2. _______________________
3. _______________________
4. _______________________
Troubleshoot Boot Errors
1. _______________________
2. Show _________________
3. Show _________________
4. Show _________________
5. Show _________________
Troubleshoot Interface Errors
1. Show _________________
2. Show _________________
Troubleshoot Layer 2 Issues
1. _______________________
2. _______________________
3. _______________________
Troubleshoot Interface Errors
1. Show _________________
2. Show _________________
Switch Troubleshooting
1. _______________________
2. _______________________
3. _______________________
4. _______________________
WAN Connectivity Troubleshoot
1. Show _________________
Troubleshoot Routing Errors
1. ________________
Trouble Connected Routes
1. ________________
Troubleshoot Static Routes
1. ___________________
2. ___________________
Troubleshoot Dynamic Routes
1. _______________________
2. _______________________
3. _______________________
4. _______________________
Troubleshoot RIP Issues
1. _______________________
2. _______________________
3. _______________________
Upper Layers

Network Applications

File format, compress,
encryption

Manage communication
sessions between
applications
Upper Layers
Symptoms of Upper Layer Errors
Cause of Upper Layer Issues
Rule out Connectivity Issues
1.
______________________
1.
1.
___________________
2.
______________________
2.
__________________
3.
______________________
3.
___________________
4.
__________________
5.
_________________
____________________________
Causes of DHCP Issues
Troubleshoot DHCP
1.
_________________________
1.
___________________
2.
_________________________
2.
__________________
3.
_________________________
3.
___________________
4.
__________________
5.
_________________
Causes of NAT Issues
Troubleshoot NAT
1.
_________________________
1.
___________________
2.
_________________________
2.
__________________
3.
_________________________
3.
___________________
Troubleshooting Tools
1.
________________
2.
________________