Download Biology 9 Name: Mr. Guillen 10.2 Outline/Notes Period: The Process

Biology 9
Mr. Guillen
10.2 Outline/Notes
Name: ________________________________
Period:__________________
The Process of Cell Division:
Chromosome: threadlike structure that contains the genetic information that is
passed from one generation of cells to the next.
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Prokaryotic Chromosomes  DNA molecules of these cells are found in cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic Chromosomes  DNA molecules are found in cell nucleus. Cells in your
body have 46 chromosomes.
Chromatin: combination of chromosomes and proteins (histones). Found in eukaryotic
chromosomes.
Cell Cycle: a series of events a cell goes through as it grows and divides.
The process of cell division in prokaryotes is a form of asexual
reproduction called binary fission.
The eukaryotic cell cycle has 4 phases: G1, S, G2, and M.
Interphase: the period of growth between cell divisions.
It includes G1, S, and G2. A cell prepares to divide during the
4th phase M. At the end of M phase, the cell divides into two daughter
cells.
G1 Phase: Cell Growth: cell does most of its’ growing in this phase. Produces new
proteins and organelles. G stands for “gap”
S Phase: DNA Replication: S stands for “synthesis”. New DNA is synthesized and
chromosomes are replicated.
G2 Phase: Preparing for Cell Division: many of organelles and molecules needed for
cell division are produced. At the end of this phase, cell is ready to begin process of cell
division.
M Phase: Cell Division: the “M” stands for mitosis.
Mitosis: series of events that lead to division of the cell nucleus.
Cytokinesis: second stage of M phase. This is the division of the cytoplasm.
Below, please draw, using different color pens, the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle: